BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains

Penggunaan Berbagai Jenis Kitosan Sebagai Edible Coating untuk Menjaga Kualitas Fisik Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Selama Penyimpanan pada Suhu Berbeda

Hidayah Wirdani — 2024-08-13

This research aims to determine the effect of chitosan, the effect of storage temperature, and the effect of the combination of chitosan and storage temperature on the physical quality of chilies. This research used a Completely Randomized Factorial Design method, the first factor was chili without chitosan coating (K0), and chili with chitosan coating (K1) = shrimp shell, (K2) = crab shell, (K3) = fish scales using the same concentration, namely 9%. The second factor is storage temperature (T1) = low temperature (10°C) and (T2) = room temperature (26-32°C). The changes observed were weight loss, water content, color measurements, as well as texture and aroma based on organoleptic tests (hedonic tests). Data analysis used ANOVA at the 5% level and BNJ follow-up test at the 5% level. The results showed that shrimp chitosan (K1) caused a low reduction in weight loss, namely (0.96%) and could maintain the texture of chili (8.74). Crab chitosan (K2) can maintain the chili aroma value (8.70). Fish scale chitosan (K3) can maintain water content (1.66%) and maintain chili color. Storage at a temperature of 10°C (T1) has an effect on weight loss (0.15%), maintaining water content (2.00), maintaining chili color (L=87.37; a=155.70; b=124.95) and can maintain texture value (12.26) and aroma (11.99). The best treatment combination for weight loss (0.04%), water content (0.74%) and chili color (L=30.00; a=53.00; b=43.13) is fish scale chitosan and temperature 10 °C (K3T1). Meanwhile, the best treatment combination for texture was shrimp chitosan and a temperature of 10°C (K1T1) 4.28 and aroma was crab chitosan and a temperature of 10°C (K2T1) 4.16.

Key words: Chili, Chitosan, Temperature.

Pengaruh Game Based Learning Berbasis Dimensi Kolaborasi 21CLD Terhadap Kompetensi Kolaborasi Siswa SMA

Meyssa Dwi Rigawati — 2024-08-15

This research aims to see the influence of game-based learning on the 21CLD dimension on high school students' collaboration competence on the concept of movement systems. The study employed a quasi-experimental method, utilizing a Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample for this research was 70 students from SMAN 1 Cikembar class XI. The instruments used were collaboration competency questionnaires, student collaboration activity observation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The research results showed that the N-Gain value of collaboration competence in the experimental class was better than the control class with a value of 0.62 in the medium category and 0.29 in the low category. Judging from the hypothesis test, it is significantly different with a sig (2-tailed) value of <0.001 so that the hypothesis H₀ is not accepted while H₁ is accepted. The conclusion of this research states that the game-based learning model based on the 21CLD collaboration dimension has an effect on students' collaboration competence.

Keywords: Game Based Learning, Collaboration Competencies, 21CLD

Efektivitas Variasi Ukuran Botol Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Planlet Anggrek Phalaenopsis amabilis L.

Aulia Widiawati Fitriana Dewi — 2024-08-21

This study aims to determine the effect of variations in media bottle size on the growth of Phalaenopsis amabilis L. orchid plantlets. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with variations in one factor, namely the size of the media bottle (P1: 250 ml, P2: 500 ml, and P3: 750 ml). Each treatment variation was repeated four times. The results of data analysis in this study used the SPSS 27 program. The data was tested for normality and homogeneity, then continued with the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test at the 5% level. If there is a significant influence then proceed with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test. The results of the research showed that there was an effect of using variations in the size of the 750 ml bottle on the parameters of root length and number of roots. In conclusion, variations in the size of the planting medium bottle can influence the growth of Phalaenopsis amabilis L. orchid plantlets including root length and number of roots.

Keywords: Tissue Culture, Phalaenopsis amabilis L., Bottle Size

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Terhadap 2 Jenis Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat dengan KLT-Bioautografi

Dina Erliana — 2024-09-17

This research aims to examine the antibacterial activity of an ethanol extract of old sungkai leaves (DST) (Peronema canescens Jack) against the test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis using the TLC-bioautography method. The concentration of the test extract was 15%, with the amount of extract spotting being 25 μL, and the eluent used was chloroform p.a. The results showed that the TLC chromatogram of DST ethanol extract showed 10 dense spots/spots, 6 spots of which could inhibit the growth of S. aureus (spots no. 2-7), and 7 of them (spots no. 1-7) could inhibit the growth of S. epidermidis. Spots with Rf = 0.06; 0.12; 0.27; 0.35 (spots no. 2-5) showed a larger clear zone than spots with Rf = 0.47 and 0.64 (spots no. 6-7) in inhibiting S. aureus. Meanwhile, spot number 1 (Rf = 0) showed the clearest zone among the other 6 spots in inhibiting S. epidermidis. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of old sungkai leaves (DST) has strong antibacterial properties against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The results of this research have the potential to be developed to obtain potential candidate compounds as antibacterials from sungkai leaves.

Keywords: Antibacterial, TLC-bioautography, Peronema canescens Jack, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran dengan Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Wondershare Quizcreator

Yamanto Isa — 2024-09-25

The purpose of this research is to develop assessment media for learning using the Wondershare QuizCreator application in the Biology subject for Class XI Science at SMA Negeri 1 Cempaka OKU Timur. The research method used is the procedural engineering method employing survey-type data collection techniques. The research results show that media experts rated this product 85.3 in the "good" category. Design experts gave it a score of 82, also in the "good" category, while material experts rated it 82.1, again in the "good" category. Personal trials of the product by three respondents from the XI IPA class in the second semester yielded a score of 81.5 points, categorized as "good." A small group experiment with six respondents resulted in a score of 83.5, also categorized as "good." Subsequently, a large-scale test was conducted, and 26 respondents received a score of 81.7 points, categorized as "good." In conclusion, this media product for learning assessment is valid and suitable for use in the real world.

Keywords: Biology, Evaluation, Media, Development

Dari Nilai Budaya Lokal ke Ruang Kelas: Tinjauan Sistematis tentang Nilai Budaya Lokal yang Dimanfaatkan dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Etnosains

Arista Ratih — 2024-10-01

This research aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the current state of ethnoscience integration in science learning and analyze the impact of this integration on students' understanding and appreciation of science, and explore the challenges and opportunities presented by this approach. This article was prepared based on the results of a systematic review of 16 articles published in 6 SCOPUS indexed journals and 10 SINTA accredited journals from 2020-2023. The results of the research show, 4 articles highlight Sasak cultural values, Dayak cultural values, local values of ulos weaving, local wisdom of the Sorong West Papua community, Badui traditional cultural values, Laot customary law, Congklak traditional games, Bebentangan traditional games, Banjar traditional language, local wisdom of syafaral anam, and cultural values of the Bugis tribe.

Keywords: Ethnoscience Integration, Local Cultural Values

Masker Gel Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternate L.) sebagai Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus epidermidis

Eli Hasriana — 2024-10-20

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the antibacterial activity of butterfly pea flower extract and butterfly pea flower extract gel mask on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, as well as to determine the effective concentration of butterfly pea flower extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This research method is the disc method by measuring the inhibition zone of butterfly pea flower extract at several concentrations. The results of the research show that butterfly pea flower extract has activity in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The telang flower extract gel mask has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, and the concentrations that are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth are 17% and 19%. In conclusion, butterfly pea flower extract has been proven to have potential as an effective antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, especially at certain concentrations.

Keywords: Butterfly flower gel mask, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidi

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sambiloto Andrographis paniculata (Burm. fil) Ness Terhadap Histologi dan Faal Ginjal Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus L.) yang Diinduksi Timbal Asetat (Pb(C2H3O2)2)

Ledia Fristia Cutami — 2024-10-31

This study aims to examine the impact of ethanol extract from bitter leaf (Andrographis paniculata) on the morphology, histology, and physiology of the kidneys of white rats (Rattus novergicus) induced by lead acetate. The method used was a completely randomized experimental design, consisting of five treatment groups with five repetitions. The control group was only given food and drink, while the experimental group received lead acetate for 28 days at a dose of 40 mg, followed by administration of bitter extract at varying doses (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. The results showed that administration of lead acetate caused histological damage to the kidneys, such as necrosis, tubular degeneration, and tubular dilatation, and increased blood urea and creatinine levels, which are indicators of kidney function. These findings indicate that an ethanol extract of bitter leaf at a dose of 750 mg/kg body weight can mitigate this histological damage and has the potential to reduce urea and creatinine levels. Thus, bitter leaf extract shows potential as a kidney protective agent against damage induced by lead acetate.

Keywords: Kidney, Creatinine, Lead Acetate, Ureum

Pengaruh Interval Lama Penyungkupan dengan Kombinasi Media Tanam (Tanah, Arang Sekam, Kascing) Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca Sativa L.)

Tiara Aprilia — 2024-11-12

This research aims to determine the effect of long exposure intervals and the combination of planting media on the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The research method used was a Randomized Group Design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor is the exposure interval (S0 = control, S1 = 10 days, S2 = 20 days, S3 = 30 days), and the second factor is the planting medium (P0 = control, P1 = soil + vermicompost 1:1, P2 = soil + husk charcoal 1:1, P3 = soil + husk charcoal + vermicompost 1:1:2, P4 = soil + husk charcoal + vermicompost 1:2:1). Parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight. Data analysis used Multivariate ANOVA and the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that a 30 days cover interval (S3) gave the best results on plant height, while a 10 days cover interval (S1) produced the highest number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight. The planting medium influences plant height and number of leaves, with the best treatment being P3 for plant height and P1 for number of leaves. The best combination was found in S3P3 for plant height and S3P4 for number of leaves, while for wet and dry weight, S1P1 gave optimal results. The conclusion of this research is that a cover interval of 10–30 days and a combination of planting media have a significant effect on the growth and yield of lettuce plants.

Keywords: Covering Interval, Combination of Planting Media (Soil, Charcoal Husk, Vermicompost), Lettuce

Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Minyak Atsiri Bunga Kenanga (Cananga odorata) sebagai Sampo Antiketombe Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Pityrosforum ovale dan Jamur Malassezia furfur secara In-Vitro

Annisa Puji Astuti Nasution — 2024-12-02

This study aims to determine the activity of natural anti-dandruff shampoo, ylang-ylang flower essential oil (Cananga odorata) on the growth of Pityrosforum ovale and Malassezia furfur fungi in vitro. The method used in making ylang ylang (Cananga odorata) flower essential oil uses steam distillation, and the antifungal activity test uses the disc diffusion method with concentrations of 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%. Test results use Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results of the study showed that there was antifungal activity of anti-dandruff shampoo of ylang-ylang flower essential oil (Cananga odorata) against the fungus Pityrosforum ovale and Malassezia furfur fungus with a significant value of p < 0.05. The results of theactivity test of the natural anti-dandruff shampoo of ylang-ylang flower essential oil (Cananga odorata) used concentrations of 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%, the diameter of the fungal inhibition zone obtained from Pityrosforum ovale are 16.28 mm, 19.66 mm, 20.0 mm, and 20.1 mm. Meanwhile, the test results for the diameter of the inhibition zone on the Malassezia furfur fungus were 16.5 mm, 20.41 mm, 20.53 mm, and 21 mm. In conclusion, the results of the average antifungal activity of the inhibitory zone of ylang-ylang flower essential oil (Cananga odorata) can be used as an anti-dandruff shampoo against the fungus Pityrosforum ovale and the fungus Malassezia furfur at an effective concentration of 30%.

Keywords: Malassezia furfur, Essential Oils, Pityrosforum ovale, Anti-Dandruff Shampoo

Pengembangan Buku Nonteks Berbasis Riset Karakterisasi Salak Padangsidimpuan (Salacca Sumatrana Becc.)

Aisyah Rahma — 2024-12-17

This study aims to produce a non-textbook product about the development of a non-textbook based on research into the characterization of Salak Padangsidimpuan (Salacca Sumatrana Becc.). This study uses research and development (R&D) methods with the 4D Thiagarajan development model, which includes the stages of definition, design, development, and dissemination. The results of the study indicate that product validation by content experts obtained a score of 89.1%, categorized as "very feasible." Language experts gave a score of 81%, also categorized as "very feasible," while learning design experts assessed the product with a score of 92.3%, falling into the same category. Feedback from biology lecturers showed that the book is suitable for use, with an average score of 88.9%, classified as "very feasible." In user trials, individual trials resulted in a score of 81.9%, small group trials 82.6%, and limited group trials reached 82.2%, all in the "very feasible category”. In conclusion, the developed non-textbook is highly suitable for use as a reference in teaching spermatophyte taxonomy for biology students.

Keywords: Non-textbook, Padangsidimpuan, Development, Salacca Sumatrana

Karakteristik Morfologi Daun pada Tumbuhan Epifit di Kawasan Bukit Sulap Kota Lubuk Linggau

Reny Dwi Riastuti — 2024-12-23

This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics of leaves on epiphytic plants in the Bukit Sulap area of Lubuklinggau City. The method used is survey method, explorative and descriptive qualitative, this research was conducted by collecting data on plants, observing the morphological characteristics of the leaves and the description of the leaves. Based on the results of the study showed that the morphological characteristics of leaves on epiphytic plants in the Bukit Sulap area of Lubuklinggau City were 18 species with the morphological characteristics of epiphytic plant leaves at the base of the leaf having a dominating shape that is blunt in 8 species, the dominating leaf blade is elongated in 8 species, the dominating leaf tip is tapered in 10 species, and the dominating leaf edge is flat in 9 species.

Keywords: Bukit Sulap, Leaf Morphology Characteristics, Epiphytic Plants

Optimasi Ekstraksi Antosianin Daun Jati (Tectona grandis linn.) dan Aktivitas Antioksidannya

Aintan Rahmadhani — 2024-12-24

This research aimed to optimize the extraction of anthocyanins and their antioxidant activity from teak leaves (Tectona grandis Linn.) using 1% ethanol-HCl solvent with varying ethanol concentrations. The method used is maceration with ethanol concentrations of 50%, 70% and 96%. The resulting extract was analyzed qualitatively through thin layer chromatography (TLC) tests and phytochemical and quantitative tests to determine anthocyanin levels and antioxidant activity. The results showed that 70% ethanol extract had the highest yield (18.5%), and all extracts met the yield requirements (>7.5%). The highest anthocyanin levels were found in 96% ethanol extract (26.022 mg/dL), with the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 87.66 ppm). In conclusion, there is a linear relationship between antioxidant activity and anthocyanin levels, where the higher the ethanol concentration in the solvent, the more effective the extraction of anthocyanins and antioxidant activity from teak leaf samples.

Keywords: Antioxidants, Anthocyanins, Teak Leaves, DPPH, Ethanol-HCl

Karakteristik Organoleptik dan Kandungan Formalin Pada Ikan Asin DI Pasar Kota Malang

Carmenita Maharani Aditiya — 2024-12-25

Penggunaan formalin sebagai bahan tambahan dalam makanan telah dilarang oleh pemerintah melalui peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Indonesia 1168/MENKES/PER/X/1988 tentang bahan tambahan makanan. Namun demikian masih maraknya penggunaan formalin sebagai bahan pengawet dalam makanan seperti ikan asin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan formalin dalam ikan asin yang dijual oleh pedagang di Pasar Gadang Kota Malang. Sampel diuji secara kualitatif menggunakan uji organoleptik, metode uji KMnO₄, fehling a dan b dan pereaksi tollens, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Spektrofotometri UV-Visible untuk mengetahui kadar formalin pada sampel. Hasil uji kuantitatif menunjukkan kadar rata-rata formalin pada sampel sebesar 200mg/kg. Semua sampel uji mengadung formalin dengan kadar melebihi 0,2 mg/kg.

Kata Kunci: Fehling a dan b, formalin, KMnO4, pereaksi tollens, spektrofotometri

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Manggrove Minyak (Rhizophora apiculata Blume) Asal Pesisir Kuala Langsa sebagai Anti Hiperglikemik pada Mencit yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Fazrina Zahara — 2024-12-31

This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract from mangrove leaves (Rhizophora apiculata Blume.) on reducing blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced mice (Mus musculus L.). The method used was laboratory experimental research with a quasi-experimental design. Male mice (Mus musculus L.) were selected as samples based on Federer’s empirical formula using purposive sampling techniques. All mice were acclimated for seven days before treatment. Treatments were administered orally daily for 14 days. The results showed that ethanol extract of mangrove leaves significantly reduced blood glucose levels, with the highest effectiveness observed at doses of 100 mg/kgBW (75.1%), 200 mg/kgBW (58.6%), and 300 mg/kgBW (70.1%). Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA indicated no significant differences (p < 0.05) between the three doses. In conclusion, ethanol extract from mangrove leaves (Rhizophora apiculata Blume.), which contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, phenols, and tannins, is effective in reducing blood glucose levels. Among the three doses tested, the 200 mg/kgBW dose proved to be the most effective.

Keywords: Alloxan, Antidiabetic, Mangrove Leaves

Metode Direct PCR yang Cepat dan Hemat Biaya untuk DNA Barcoding Anggrek Obat Dendrobium crumenatum Sw.

Yusfi Afidah — 2024-12-31

This study aims to develop a rapid and cost-effective Direct PCR method for amplifying the rbcL gene without requiring DNA isolation, particularly for Dendrobium crumenatum Sw., an orchid species known for its traditional medicinal uses. The method involved soaking fresh leaves of D. crumenatum in TE buffer, followed by incubation at 55ºC. The incubation product was Directly used as a PCR template. The results showed a clear DNA band of 600 bp, corresponding to the target rbcL gene. BLAST analysis confirmed that the DNA sequence shared 84-85% identity with other species in GenBank. In conclusion, the Direct PCR method proved to be effective for DNA barcoding applications, offering advantages in speed and cost-efficiency over conventional DNA isolation methods.

Keywords: Medicinal Orchids, Dendrobium crumenatum Sw., Direct PCR, DNA Barcoding

Efektivitas Salep Ekstrak Etanol Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Kulit

Vara Nabila — 2024-12-31

This study aims to determine whether clove ethanol extract can be formulated into ointment preparations, evaluate the effectiveness of the ointment in inhibiting bacterial growth causing skin infections, and identify the effective concentration of clove ethanol extract ointment formulation against Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The methods used were disk diffusion and well diffusion with clove ethanol extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Chloramphenicol served as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. The ointment formulation was tested at effective doses of 10% and 30% as per Pharmacopeia guidelines. The positive control used bactoderm ointment, and the negative control was an ointment base without clove extract. The results showed that clove ethanol extract could be formulated into an ointment after undergoing phytochemical screening. The clove ethanol extract ointment effectively inhibited bacterial growth causing skin infections. The inhibition zones for Streptococcus pyogenes were 12.16 mm and 14.06 mm, while for Pseudomonas aeruginosa they were 10.16 mm and 9.3 mm. The effective concentrations of clove ethanol extract ointment in inhibiting bacterial growth were 10% and 30%.

Keywords: Bacteria, Skin Infection, Clove Ointment

PENERAPAN PhET INTERACTIVE SIMULATIONS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA

Zico Fakhrur Rozi — 2025-01-21

Digitalisasi dan pendidikan merupakan dua komponen yang tidak terpisahkan. Tenaga pendidik dituntut untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran secara efektif, efisien dan menarik. Physics Education Technology (PhET) adalah media simulasi yang berisi simulasi pembelajaran fisika, biologi, dan kimia. Media ini menekankan pada hubungan antara fenomena kehidupan nyata dengan ilmu yang mendasarinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana respon mahasiswa setelah dilaksanakan pembelajaran biologi materi skala pH dengan menggunakan simulasi PhET. Metode survey digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan cara memberikan kuisioner kepada 15 orang mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Universitas PGRI Silampari Kota Lubuklinggau Provinsi Sumatera Selatan yang telah mempelajari materi pegukuran skala pH dengan menggunakan simulasi PhET. Pada kuisioner yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa terdapat beberapa indikator, diantaranya adalah ketertarikan mahasiswa, manfaat, tampilan dan penggunaan PhET yang terbagi menjadi enam pernyataan. Hasil analisis kuisioner diketahui bahwa 86,7% mahasiswa sangat setujtu pembelajaran menggunakan PhET sangat menarik, 53,3% mahasiswa sangat setuju bahwa PhET memberikan motivasi dan mempermudah mahasiswa mempelajari skala pH, 60 % mahasiswa sangat setuju PhET mempermudah memahami materi skala pH, serta 53,3% mahasiswa sangat setuju bahwa simulasi PhET sangat mudah untuk dipahami dan desain animasi serta teks pada PHeT sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa. Kesimpulan: simulasi PhET sangat menarik, memberikan motivasi belajar, mempermudah dalam mempelajari materi, mempermudah memahami materi, mudah untuk dipahami cara penggunaannya dan desain animasi serta teks pada PHeT sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa.