PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI MELALUI KOMPETENSI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.v7i5.12364Keywords:
Transformational Leadership, Training, Competency, Employee Performance, SEMAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis serta membuktikan bagaimana meningkatkan kinerja tenaga pendidik dengan pendekatan kepemimpinan transformasional dan pelatihan yang dimediasi oleh kompetensi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah seluruh tenaga pendidik SMK Negeri 2 Kota Serang yang berjumlah 112 pegawai dengan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 85 responden dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini melakukan pengumpulan data berdasarkan arsip data, studi kepustakaan, wawancara serta kuesioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah structural equation modelling (SEM) dengan alat analisis SmartPLS 3.2.0. Penelitian ini memiliki hasil bahwa Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), Pelatihan (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kompetensi (Z), Pelatihan (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kompetensi (Z), Kompetensi (Z) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y), Kepemimpinan Transformasional (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y) melalui Kompetensi (Z) dan Pelatihan (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y) melalui Kompetensi (Z).
References
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Astarina, I., Fitrio, T., Hapsila, A., Supriyadi, A., & Cahyono, D. (2022). The Role Of Training In Mediating The Effect Of Competence, Compensation On Employee Performance. Jurnal Economia, 18(1), 132–147. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.42881
Bakker, A. B., Hetland, J., Kjellevold Olsen, O., & Espevik, R. (2022). Daily transformational leadership: A source of inspiration for follower performance? European Management Journal, April. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2022.04.004
Bin Atan, J., & Mahmood, N. H. N. (2019). The role of transformational leadership style in enhancing employees’ competency for organization performance. Management Science Letters, 9(Special Issue 13), 2191–2200. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.033
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77(May 2018), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014
Choirunnisa, Y., & Koestiono, D. (2022). Analysis The Effect Of Work Motivation And Competence On Employee Performance (Study On Employee’s PT JCI Padang, West Sumatera). Habitat, 33(2), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2022.033.2.15
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Gearing, R. E., Leung, P., Cheung, M., Washburn, M., & Torres, L. R. (2020). The Impact of Learning Abroad Programs on Graduate Social Work Students’ Competency Development. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 40(3), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2020.1751775
Hanum, N., Munandar, J. M., & Purwono, J. (2020b). The Influence Of Competence And Knowledge Management On Performance. Journal of Applied Management, 18(2), 252–260.
Hardiyanti, Irawati, Hasgimianti, Zein, N., & Thahir, M. (2019). Pengaruh Program Pendidikan dan Pelatihan terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru di SMP Negeri 1 Keritang. At-Tarbiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22456/2527-2616.94434
Hari Kuncoro, G. P., Situngkir, S., & Yacob, S. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Program Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kompetensi Di Petrochina Internasional Jabung Ltd. J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen Dan Sains), 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v6i1.225
Ichwanudin, W. (2018). Modul Praktikum Partial Least Square (PLS) Menggunakan SmartPLS.
Krisnawati, N. K. D., & Bagia, I. W. (2021). Pengaruh kompetensi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. BISMA : Jurnal Manajemen, 7(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/bjm.v7i1.28736
Lazuardi, R., Arafah, W., & Suharjo, B. (2023). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership And Lecturers’ Competence On The Performance Of Naval Staff And Command. International Journal of Social Research, 2507–2522.
Lestari, A., Nuryanto, A., & Ndayisenga, J. (2022). The Effect Of Transformational Leadership And School Culture On Teacher’s Professional Competency At State Elementary School In Yogyakarta City. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(4), 2350–2360.
Mahmud, H., & Sanusi, S. (2021). Training, Managerial Skills, and Principal Performance At Senior High Shool in North Luwu Regency. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v5i2.2150
Manurung, E. F. (2020). The Effects of Transformational Leadership, Competence and Compensation on Work Motivation and Implications on the Performance of Lecturers of Maritime College in DKI Jakarta. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(6), 112. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i6.1741
Maritasari, D. B., Setyosari, P., Kuswandi, D., & Praherdhiono, H. (2020). The effect of training and supervision on teacher performance through teacher competence as a mediating variable in primary schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11 C), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.082312
Niati, D. R., Siregar, Z. M. E., & Prayoga, Y. (2021). The Effect of Training on Work Performance and Career Development: The Role of Motivation as Intervening Variable. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 2385–2393. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1940
Nugroho, M. N., & Paradifa, R. (2020). Pengaruh Pelatihan, Motivasi, Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia. JRMSI - Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia, 11(1), 149–168. https://doi.org/10.21009/jrmsi.011.1.08
Nurlaila, N., & Lufri, L. (2021). The effect of guided inquiry learning models using the help of student activity sheet on the knowledge competency of students in class xi of SMAN 1 Sungayang. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1940(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012120
Pich, K., & Fendy, S. (2021). The Correlation between Training, Career Development and Employee Performance with Moderating Variable of Job Satisfaction : A Case Study in Cambodia. Jurnal Manajemen Teori Dan Terapan, 14(2), 194. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v14i2.27229
Pratama, L. D., & Lestari, W. (2020). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Matematika. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v4i1.207
Purba, K., & Sudibjo, K. (2020). The Effects Analysis of Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation and Compensation on Employee Performance in PT. Sago Nauli. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(3), 1606–1617. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1091
Riyanto, S., Handiman, U. T., & Prasetya, A. D. (2021). The Role of Work Motivation in Mediating Training and Organizational Culture for Improving Employee Performance. Journal of Hunan University（Natural Sciences）, 48(10), 45–55. http://jonuns.com/index.php/journal/article/view/798
Siagian, M. P. I., Siregar, Z. M., & Rambe, B. H. (2023). The Effect of Training on Employee Performance by Mediating Organizational Commitment and Motivation at the Labuhanbatu Youth and Sports Culture and Tourism Service. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 6(1), 254–269. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v6i1.2199
Siswatiningsih, I., Raharjo, K., & Prasetya, A. (2019). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Transaksional Terhadap Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja, Komitmen Oganisasional Dan Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 5(2), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.26905/jbm.v5i2.2388
Sumiati, M., & Purbasari, R. N. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kemampuan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 21(1a-2), 211–220. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v8i1.262
Suriyanti. (2020). Transformational Leadership, HRM Competence, Information Technology, and the Performance of Public Service Employee. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v7i1.12415
Suwanmanee, S., Wannapairo, S., Chumruksa, C., Kasinant, C., Prasitpong, S., Sae-Tae, K., Benjasri, W., Yaodum, T., Di-Sawat, M., Klaithong, P., Kaeopheng, W., & Pisitphunphorn, J. (2023). Transformational Leadership Development for School Administrators Emphasizing Area Potential with Learners’ Science, Math and Technology Competencies in Education Sandbox, Thailand. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2179740
Tho’in, M. (2018). Effects of Training, Work Discipline, and Motivation Against Employee Performance at Islamic Bank. Al-Tijary Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 3(2), 131. https://doi.org/10.21093/at.v3i2.1126
Ulandari, W., & Rustan, E. (2021). Pengaruh Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan Serta Kompetensi Manajerial Terhadap Kinerja Kepala Sekolah. Mix: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 11(3), 364. https://doi.org/10.22441/mix.2021.v11i3.005
Widjaja, Y. R., Fattah, N., Disman, & Senen, S. H. (2020). Analysis of Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Employee Performance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 1(1), 42–67.
Yanti, D. A. W., & Mursidi, M. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 4(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.36407/jmsab.v4i1.266
Anggraini, S. (2022). Influence of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance: Employee Work Engagement as Test Mediation. Indonesian Management and Accounting Research, 20(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.25105/imar.v20i1.7812
Astarina, I., Fitrio, T., Hapsila, A., Supriyadi, A., & Cahyono, D. (2022). The Role Of Training In Mediating The Effect Of Competence, Compensation On Employee Performance. Jurnal Economia, 18(1), 132–147. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.42881
Bakker, A. B., Hetland, J., Kjellevold Olsen, O., & Espevik, R. (2022). Daily transformational leadership: A source of inspiration for follower performance? European Management Journal, April. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2022.04.004
Bin Atan, J., & Mahmood, N. H. N. (2019). The role of transformational leadership style in enhancing employees’ competency for organization performance. Management Science Letters, 9(Special Issue 13), 2191–2200. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.033
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77(May 2018), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014
Choirunnisa, Y., & Koestiono, D. (2022). Analysis The Effect Of Work Motivation And Competence On Employee Performance (Study On Employee’s PT JCI Padang, West Sumatera). Habitat, 33(2), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2022.033.2.15
Ferdinand, Augusty. (2019). Metode Penelitian Manajemen (Edisi Kelima). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ferozi, S., & Chang, Y. (2021). Transformational leadership and its impact on employee performance: focus on public employees in Afghanistan. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 17(63), 49–68. https://doi.org/10.24193/tras.63E.3
Gearing, R. E., Leung, P., Cheung, M., Washburn, M., & Torres, L. R. (2020). The Impact of Learning Abroad Programs on Graduate Social Work Students’ Competency Development. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 40(3), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2020.1751775
Hanum, N., Munandar, J. M., & Purwono, J. (2020b). The Influence Of Competence And Knowledge Management On Performance. Journal of Applied Management, 18(2), 252–260.
Hardiyanti, Irawati, Hasgimianti, Zein, N., & Thahir, M. (2019). Pengaruh Program Pendidikan dan Pelatihan terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru di SMP Negeri 1 Keritang. At-Tarbiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22456/2527-2616.94434
Hari Kuncoro, G. P., Situngkir, S., & Yacob, S. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Program Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kompetensi Di Petrochina Internasional Jabung Ltd. J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen Dan Sains), 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v6i1.225
Ichwanudin, W. (2018). Modul Praktikum Partial Least Square (PLS) Menggunakan SmartPLS.
Krisnawati, N. K. D., & Bagia, I. W. (2021). Pengaruh kompetensi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. BISMA : Jurnal Manajemen, 7(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/bjm.v7i1.28736
Lazuardi, R., Arafah, W., & Suharjo, B. (2023). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership And Lecturers’ Competence On The Performance Of Naval Staff And Command. International Journal of Social Research, 2507–2522.
Lestari, A., Nuryanto, A., & Ndayisenga, J. (2022). The Effect Of Transformational Leadership And School Culture On Teacher’s Professional Competency At State Elementary School In Yogyakarta City. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(4), 2350–2360.
Mahmud, H., & Sanusi, S. (2021). Training, Managerial Skills, and Principal Performance At Senior High Shool in North Luwu Regency. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v5i2.2150
Manurung, E. F. (2020). The Effects of Transformational Leadership, Competence and Compensation on Work Motivation and Implications on the Performance of Lecturers of Maritime College in DKI Jakarta. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(6), 112. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i6.1741
Maritasari, D. B., Setyosari, P., Kuswandi, D., & Praherdhiono, H. (2020). The effect of training and supervision on teacher performance through teacher competence as a mediating variable in primary schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11 C), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.082312
Niati, D. R., Siregar, Z. M. E., & Prayoga, Y. (2021). The Effect of Training on Work Performance and Career Development: The Role of Motivation as Intervening Variable. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 2385–2393. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1940
Nugroho, M. N., & Paradifa, R. (2020). Pengaruh Pelatihan, Motivasi, Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia. JRMSI - Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia, 11(1), 149–168. https://doi.org/10.21009/jrmsi.011.1.08
Nurlaila, N., & Lufri, L. (2021). The effect of guided inquiry learning models using the help of student activity sheet on the knowledge competency of students in class xi of SMAN 1 Sungayang. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1940(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1940/1/012120
Pich, K., & Fendy, S. (2021). The Correlation between Training, Career Development and Employee Performance with Moderating Variable of Job Satisfaction : A Case Study in Cambodia. Jurnal Manajemen Teori Dan Terapan, 14(2), 194. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v14i2.27229
Pratama, L. D., & Lestari, W. (2020). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Matematika. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v4i1.207
Purba, K., & Sudibjo, K. (2020). The Effects Analysis of Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation and Compensation on Employee Performance in PT. Sago Nauli. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(3), 1606–1617. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1091
Riyanto, S., Handiman, U. T., & Prasetya, A. D. (2021). The Role of Work Motivation in Mediating Training and Organizational Culture for Improving Employee Performance. Journal of Hunan University（Natural Sciences）, 48(10), 45–55. http://jonuns.com/index.php/journal/article/view/798
Siagian, M. P. I., Siregar, Z. M., & Rambe, B. H. (2023). The Effect of Training on Employee Performance by Mediating Organizational Commitment and Motivation at the Labuhanbatu Youth and Sports Culture and Tourism Service. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 6(1), 254–269. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v6i1.2199
Siswatiningsih, I., Raharjo, K., & Prasetya, A. (2019). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Transaksional Terhadap Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja, Komitmen Oganisasional Dan Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 5(2), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.26905/jbm.v5i2.2388
Sumiati, M., & Purbasari, R. N. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kemampuan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 21(1a-2), 211–220. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v8i1.262
Suriyanti. (2020). Transformational Leadership, HRM Competence, Information Technology, and the Performance of Public Service Employee. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.24252/minds.v7i1.12415
Suwanmanee, S., Wannapairo, S., Chumruksa, C., Kasinant, C., Prasitpong, S., Sae-Tae, K., Benjasri, W., Yaodum, T., Di-Sawat, M., Klaithong, P., Kaeopheng, W., & Pisitphunphorn, J. (2023). Transformational Leadership Development for School Administrators Emphasizing Area Potential with Learners’ Science, Math and Technology Competencies in Education Sandbox, Thailand. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2179740
Tho’in, M. (2018). Effects of Training, Work Discipline, and Motivation Against Employee Performance at Islamic Bank. Al-Tijary Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 3(2), 131. https://doi.org/10.21093/at.v3i2.1126
Ulandari, W., & Rustan, E. (2021). Pengaruh Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan Serta Kompetensi Manajerial Terhadap Kinerja Kepala Sekolah. Mix: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 11(3), 364. https://doi.org/10.22441/mix.2021.v11i3.005
Widjaja, Y. R., Fattah, N., Disman, & Senen, S. H. (2020). Analysis of Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Employee Performance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 1(1), 42–67.
Yanti, D. A. W., & Mursidi, M. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen Strategi Dan Aplikasi Bisnis, 4(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.36407/jmsab.v4i1.266
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2024-09-15
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