KETAHANAN USAHA KELUARGA UMKM SELAMA KRISIS: STUDI KASUS DI BANDUNG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.v7i6.13531Keywords:
Universitas Kristen Maranatha1 Adaptasi, Antisipasi, Fleksibilitas Pemasaran, Ketahanan Bisnis Keluarga, Manajemen Krisis, Usaha, Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM).Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pemahaman teoritis tentang bagaimana bisnis yang dikelola oleh keluarga dapat beradaptasi dan berantisipasi di dalam menghadapi peristiwa yang berdampak negatif dan tidak terduga. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi fenomenologi kualitatif, melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pelaku bisnis keluarga dalam sektor alat-alat listrik di Bandung. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa bisnis yang dikelola oleh keluarga dapat menggunakan pendekatan prospektif dan retrospektif. Pendekatan prospektif merupakan respon yang fleksibel, memungkinkan bisnis untuk bergerak maju. Sementara pendekatan retrospektif merupakan respon yang konservatif untuk mempertahankan bisnis seperti keadaan semula. Selain itu antisipasi proaktif dilakukan dengan mempersiapkan potensi ancaman sebelum krisis terjadi dan antisipasi reaktif merupakan respon yang dilakukan setelah krisis terjadi. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru di dalam literatur terkait dengan strategi ketahanan bisnis keluarga, terutama di dalam konteks UMKM yang bergerak di bidang alat-alat listrik dan memberikan wawasan bagi pelaku usaha dalam meningkatkan daya tahan yang dimiliki untuk menghadapi krisis di masa depan.
References
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Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 284–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.008
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Iriani, S. S., Nuswantara, D. A., Kartika, A. D., & Purwohandoko, P. (2021). The Impact of Government Regulations on Consumers Behaviour during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance Economics and Business, 8(4), 939–948. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no4.0939
Jaufenthaler, P. (2023). A safe haven in times of crisis: The appeal of family companies as employers amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 14(1), 100520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100520
Junaidi, J., Maisyarah, N. D., Parok, A. P. A., & Hardiani, H. (2023). Resilience in crisis: economic coping strategies of informal sector households during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jambi City, Indonesia. Jurnal Prespektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah/Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah, 11(3), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v11i3.22077
Khotimah, K., Sarmini, S., & Imron, A. (2020). Family Based Social Capital In Handling Of Covid-19 Prevention In Blitar District. Jurnal Partisipatoris, 2(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.22219/jp.v2i2.12975
Kodama, W., Morgan, P., Azhgaliyeva, D., Trinh, L., & Kim, K. (2024). Family business during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia: Role of government financial aid and coping strategies. World Development, 182, 106653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106653
Leite, F. K., Da Cruz, A. P. C., D’Ávila, L. C., Walter, S. A., & Da Silva, F. M. (2023). Organizational resilience and adaptive capacity: a case study in a family business in Rio Grande do Sul. Revista De Administração Da UFSM, 16(2), e6. https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465969787
Lembaga Pengembangan Perbankan Indonesia. (2015). Profil Bisnis Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). In https://bi.go.id. Retrieved July 15, 2024, from https://www.bi.go.id/id/umkm/penelitian/Documents/Profil%20Bisnis%20UMKM.pdf
Liu, K. (2016). The Influence of Electronic Commerce on the Traditional Trade of Our Country. 6th International Conference on Electronic, Mechanical, Information and Management Society. https://doi.org/10.2991/emim-16.2016.48
Mihotić, L., Raynard, M., & Ćorić, D. S. (2022). Bouncing forward or bouncing back? How family firms enact resilience in times of crisis. Journal of Family Business Management, 13(1), 68–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-03-2022-0047
Motoc, A. (2020). Knowledge Dynamics in Family Business. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 8(2), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.2478/mdke-2020-0010
Mzid, I., Khachlouf, N., & Soparnot, R. (2018). How does family capital influence the resilience of family firms? Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 17(2), 249–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-018-0226-7
OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2021 Issue 2. (2021). In OECD economic outlook. https://doi.org/10.1787/66c5ac2c-en
Pont, A., & Simon, A. (2024). Nurturing family business resilience through strategic supply chain management. Journal of Family Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-11-2023-0272
Saad, M. H., Hagelaar, G., Van Der Velde, G., & Omta, S. W. F. (2021). Conceptualization of SMEs’ business resilience: A systematic literature review. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1938347
Salvato, C., & Melin, L. (2008). Creating Value Across Generations in Family-Controlled Businesses: The Role of Family Social Capital. Family Business Review, 21(3), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865080210030107
Shahriari, S., Mohammadreza, S., & Gheiji, S. (2015). E-COMMERCE AND IT IMPACTSON GLOBAL TREND AND MARKET. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 3(4), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i4.2015.3022
Siakas, K., Naaranoja, M., Vlachakis, S., & Siakas, E. (2014). Family Businesses in the New Economy: How to Survive and Develop in Times of Financial Crisis. Procedia Economics and Finance, 9, 331–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00034-3
Sopha, B. M., Arvianto, A., & Tjahjono, B. (2022). Survival strategies of traditional retailers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Some insights from a developing country. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 15(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.3698
Turner, J. (2011). Social Capital: Measurement, Dimensional Interactions, And Performance Implications. TigerPrints. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/762/
Van Hoek, R. (2020). Research opportunities for a more resilient post-COVID-19 supply chain – closing the gap between research findings and industry practice. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 40(4), 341–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-03-2020-0165
Vilko, J., & Hallikas, J. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 on logistics sector companies. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 6(1), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijieom-10-2022-0057
Zehrer, A., & Leiß, G. (2019). Family entrepreneurial resilience – an intergenerational learning approach. Journal of Family Business Management, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-09-2018-0037
Żukowska, B. A., Martyniuk, O. A., & Zajkowski, R. (2021). Mobilisation of survivability capital – family firm response to the coronavirus crisis. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 27(9), 48–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2021-0147
Boers, B., & Henschel, T. (2021). The role of entrepreneurial orientation in crisis management: evidence from family firms in enterprising communities. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 16(5), 756–780. https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-12-2020-0210
Caballero-Morales, S. O. (2021). Innovation as recovery strategy for SMEs in emerging economies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research in International Business and Finance, 57, 101396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101396
Calabrò, A., Frank, H., Minichilli, A., & Suess-Reyes, J. (2021). Business families in times of crises: The backbone of family firm resilience and continuity. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(2), 100442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2021.100442
Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., & Steier, L. P. (2011). Resilience of Family Firms: An Introduction. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(6), 1107–1119. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00493.x
Combe, I. (2012). “Marketing and flexibility”: debates past, present and future. European Journal of Marketing, 46(10), 1257–1267. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561211248116
Consumer sentiment and behavior continue to reflect the uncertainty of the COVID-19 crisis. (2020, October 26). McKinsey & Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/growth-marketing-and-sales/our-insights/a-global-view-of-how-consumer-behavior-is-changing-amid-covid-19
Dettori, A., & Floris, M. (2022). Facing COVID-19 challenges: What is so special in family businesses? ˜the œTQM Journal, 34(7), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.1108/tqm-09-2021-0251
Deshmukh, A. J., & Vasudevan, H. (2014). Emerging Supplier Selection Criteria in The Context of Traditional VS Green Supply Chain Management. International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains, 5(1), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijmvsc.2014.5103
Donthu, N., & Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 284–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.008
Duchek, S. (2019). Organizational resilience: a capability-based conceptualization. BuR - Business Research, 13(1), 215–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7
Fitria, A. (2024). Bisnis Keluarga. Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora Dan Pendidikan, 2(3), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.62383/risoma.v2i3.87
Herrero, I., & Hughes, M. (2019). When Family Social Capital is too much of a good thing. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 10(3), 100271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2019.01.001
Heino, N., Alimov, N., & Tuominen, P. (2024). Family firm employment behavior during a financial crisis: Does generational stage matter? Journal of Family Business Strategy, 15(3), 100624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2024.100624
Isaac, E. (2023). Convenience and Purposive Sampling Techniques: Are they the Same? International Journal of Innovative Social & Science Education Research, 11, ISSN: 2360-8978.https://seahipaj.org/journals-ci/mar-2023/IJISSER/full/IJISSER-M-1-2023.pdf
Iborra, M., López-Muñoz, J. F., & Safón, V. (2024). Lack of resilience after COVID-19: the role of family firm heterogeneity and behavior. fsQCA versus regression. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejmbe-05-2023-0140
International Labour Organization. (2023, October 2). Indonesian electronics industry moves towards responsible and sustainable business conduct. International Labour Organization. Retrieved July 17, 2024, from https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/indonesian-electronics-industry-moves-towards-responsible-and-sustainable
Iriani, S. S., Nuswantara, D. A., Kartika, A. D., & Purwohandoko, P. (2021). The Impact of Government Regulations on Consumers Behaviour during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance Economics and Business, 8(4), 939–948. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no4.0939
Jaufenthaler, P. (2023). A safe haven in times of crisis: The appeal of family companies as employers amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 14(1), 100520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2022.100520
Junaidi, J., Maisyarah, N. D., Parok, A. P. A., & Hardiani, H. (2023). Resilience in crisis: economic coping strategies of informal sector households during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jambi City, Indonesia. Jurnal Prespektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah/Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah, 11(3), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v11i3.22077
Khotimah, K., Sarmini, S., & Imron, A. (2020). Family Based Social Capital In Handling Of Covid-19 Prevention In Blitar District. Jurnal Partisipatoris, 2(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.22219/jp.v2i2.12975
Kodama, W., Morgan, P., Azhgaliyeva, D., Trinh, L., & Kim, K. (2024). Family business during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia: Role of government financial aid and coping strategies. World Development, 182, 106653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106653
Leite, F. K., Da Cruz, A. P. C., D’Ávila, L. C., Walter, S. A., & Da Silva, F. M. (2023). Organizational resilience and adaptive capacity: a case study in a family business in Rio Grande do Sul. Revista De Administração Da UFSM, 16(2), e6. https://doi.org/10.5902/1983465969787
Lembaga Pengembangan Perbankan Indonesia. (2015). Profil Bisnis Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). In https://bi.go.id. Retrieved July 15, 2024, from https://www.bi.go.id/id/umkm/penelitian/Documents/Profil%20Bisnis%20UMKM.pdf
Liu, K. (2016). The Influence of Electronic Commerce on the Traditional Trade of Our Country. 6th International Conference on Electronic, Mechanical, Information and Management Society. https://doi.org/10.2991/emim-16.2016.48
Mihotić, L., Raynard, M., & Ćorić, D. S. (2022). Bouncing forward or bouncing back? How family firms enact resilience in times of crisis. Journal of Family Business Management, 13(1), 68–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-03-2022-0047
Motoc, A. (2020). Knowledge Dynamics in Family Business. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 8(2), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.2478/mdke-2020-0010
Mzid, I., Khachlouf, N., & Soparnot, R. (2018). How does family capital influence the resilience of family firms? Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 17(2), 249–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-018-0226-7
OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2021 Issue 2. (2021). In OECD economic outlook. https://doi.org/10.1787/66c5ac2c-en
Pont, A., & Simon, A. (2024). Nurturing family business resilience through strategic supply chain management. Journal of Family Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-11-2023-0272
Saad, M. H., Hagelaar, G., Van Der Velde, G., & Omta, S. W. F. (2021). Conceptualization of SMEs’ business resilience: A systematic literature review. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1938347
Salvato, C., & Melin, L. (2008). Creating Value Across Generations in Family-Controlled Businesses: The Role of Family Social Capital. Family Business Review, 21(3), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865080210030107
Shahriari, S., Mohammadreza, S., & Gheiji, S. (2015). E-COMMERCE AND IT IMPACTSON GLOBAL TREND AND MARKET. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 3(4), 49–55. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i4.2015.3022
Siakas, K., Naaranoja, M., Vlachakis, S., & Siakas, E. (2014). Family Businesses in the New Economy: How to Survive and Develop in Times of Financial Crisis. Procedia Economics and Finance, 9, 331–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00034-3
Sopha, B. M., Arvianto, A., & Tjahjono, B. (2022). Survival strategies of traditional retailers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Some insights from a developing country. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 15(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.3698
Turner, J. (2011). Social Capital: Measurement, Dimensional Interactions, And Performance Implications. TigerPrints. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/762/
Van Hoek, R. (2020). Research opportunities for a more resilient post-COVID-19 supply chain – closing the gap between research findings and industry practice. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 40(4), 341–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-03-2020-0165
Vilko, J., & Hallikas, J. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 on logistics sector companies. International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 6(1), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijieom-10-2022-0057
Zehrer, A., & Leiß, G. (2019). Family entrepreneurial resilience – an intergenerational learning approach. Journal of Family Business Management, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-09-2018-0037
Żukowska, B. A., Martyniuk, O. A., & Zajkowski, R. (2021). Mobilisation of survivability capital – family firm response to the coronavirus crisis. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 27(9), 48–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2021-0147
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2024-12-10
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