PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, BEBAN KERJA DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABLE INTERVENING STUDI PADA MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI DIKABUPATEN BANYUWANGI

Authors

Wahyu Agung Saputra Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember
Arik Susbiyani Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember
Retno Endah Supeni Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

DOI:

Keywords:

Budaya Organisasi, Beban Kerja, Kompensasi, Kepuasan Kerja, Kinerja Pegawai, Partial Least Square (PLS)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya organisasi, beban kerja, dan kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada pegawai kementrian agama pada bidang lembaga Pendidikan madrasah Aliyah negeri di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Permasalahan yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah pentingnya peningkatan kinerja pegawai yang sering kali dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal organisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 259 responden yang ditentukan melalui purposive sampling dari total populasi 321 pegawai. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai dan kepuasan kerja, sementara budaya organisasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Beban kerja ditemukan memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja pegawai. Selain itu, kepuasan kerja terbukti berperan sebagai variabel intervening yang memperkuat hubungan antara variabel independen dengan kinerja pegawai. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya organisasi untuk memperhatikan aspek kompensasi yang adil serta manajemen beban kerja guna meningkatkan kepuasan dan kinerja pegawai.

References

Abdullahi, M. S., Raman, K., & Solarin, S. A. (2021). Effect of organizational culture on employee performance: A mediating role of employee engagement in malaysia educational sector. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 8(3), 232–246. https://doi.org/10.22034/IJSOM.2021.3.1

Adamopoulos, I. P., & Syrou, N. F. (2022). Associations and Correlations of Job Stress, Job Satisfaction and Burn out in Public Health Sector. European Journal of Environment and Public Health, 6(2), em0113. https://doi.org/10.21601/ejeph/12166

Adamovic, M. (2023). The cultural influence on employees’ preferences for reward allocation rules: A two-wave survey study in 28 countries. Human Resource Management Journal, 33(4), 889–921. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12486

Aggarwal, S. (2024). Impact of dimensions of organisational culture on employee satisfaction and performance level in select organisations. IIMB Management Review, 36(3), 230–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2024.07.001

Akpa, V. O., Asikhia, O. U., & Nneji, N. E. (2021). Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance: A Review of Literature. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 3(1), 361–372. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0301361372

Almasradi, R. B., Alabsy, N. M., & Brika, S. K. (2024). Exploring the impact of organizational behavior on employee performance in Saudi universities. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 11(6), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2024.06.005

Binder, C. (2022). Integrating Organizational-Cultural Values With Performance Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 36(2–3), 185–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/01608061.2016.1200512

Chin, W. W., & Newsted, P. R. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for business research. Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research, January 1998, 295-336.

Georgescu, I., Bocean, C. G., Vărzaru, A. A., Rotea, C. C., Mangra, M. G., & Mangra, G. I. (2024). Enhancing Organizational Resilience: The Transformative Influence of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Culture. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104315

Handayani, R. N., Indrayanto, A., Arif, A., & Suandika, M. (2025). The benefit and impact of servant leadership on organizational culture, rewards, job satisfaction, and employee performance. BIO Web of Conferences, 152. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202515201021

Howard, Z. L., Innes, R., Eidels, A., & Loft, S. (2021). Using Past and Present Indicators of Human Workload to Explain Variance in Human Performance. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 28(6), 1923–1932. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01961-6

Ibrahim, M., Saputra, J., Adam, M., & Yunus, M. (2022). Organizational Culture, Employee Motivation, Workload and Employee Performance: A Mediating Role of Communication. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 19, 54–61. https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2022.19.6

Inegbedion, H., Inegbedion, E., Peter, A., & Harry, L. (2020). Perception of workload balance and employee job satisfaction in work organisations. Heliyon, 6(1), e03160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03160

Iskamto, D. (2023). Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Employee Performance. International Journal of Management and Digital Business, 2(1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.54099/ijmdb.v2i1.584

Jamal, B., & Anwar, G. (2021). An Empirical Study of Employees’ Motivation and its Influence Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management, 5(2), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.5.2.3

Jame Chenarboo, F., Hekmatshoar, R., & Fallahi, M. (2022). The influence of physical and mental workload on the safe behavior of employees in the automobile industry. Heliyon, 8(10), e11034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11034

Janib, J., Rasdi, R. M., & Zaremohzzabieh, Z. (2022). The Influence of Career Commitment and Workload on Academics’ Job Satisfaction: The Moderating Role of a Supportive Environment. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.1.1

Kelly, M., Soles, R., Garcia, E., & Kundu, I. (2020). Job Stress, Burnout, Work-Life Balance, Well-Being, and Job Satisfaction among Pathology Residents and Fellows. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 153(4), 449–469. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa013

Kolluru, M. (2021). Association between rewards and employee performance: An empirical research on Omani banks. Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review, 5(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv5i1p2

Kwee, T. C., & Kwee, R. M. (2021). Workload of diagnostic radiologists in the foreseeable future based on recent scientific advances: growth expectations and role of artificial intelligence. Insights into Imaging, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-021-01031-4

Kwong, E., Adapa, K., Goodacre, V., Vizer, L., Ra, J., Greenberg, C., Ivester, T., Charguia, N., Marks, L. B., & Mazur, L. (2025). Stressors contributing to burnout among acute care and trauma surgery care teams: A systems-analysis approach. Trauma Surgery and Acute Care Open, 10(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2024-001377

Lam, L., Nguyen, P., Le, N., & Tran, K. (2021). The Relation among Organizational Culture , Knowledge Management , and Innovation Capability : Its Implication for Open Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010066

Lollo, N., & O’Rourke, D. (2020). Factory benefits to paying workers more: The critical role of compensation systems in apparel manufacturing. PLoS ONE, 15(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227510

Lozano, E. S. A., & Gerstlauer, A. (2022). Learning-based Phase-aware Multi-core CPU Workload Forecasting. ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, 28(2). https://doi.org/10.1145/3564929

Lukito, D., Susanti, M., Susanto, Y., Judijanto, L., Ali, M., Hartono, & Mahardhani, A. J. (2025). Determinants of sustainable employee performance: A study of family businesses in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Management Review, 30(2), 100340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2024.12.004

Manzoor, F., Wei, L., & Asif, M. (2021). Intrinsic Rewards and Employee’s Performance With the Mediating Mechanism of Employee’s Motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(July), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.563070

Memon, A. H., Khahro, S. H., Memon, N. A., Memon, Z. A., & Mustafa, A. (2023). Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance in the Construction Industry of Pakistan. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(11), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118699

Mulyadi, M., Sitiari, N. W., Meryawan, I. W., & Saputri, L. G. E. A. (2024). The role of Workload, Work Life Balance and Psychological towards Employee Performance through Work Stress as mediation. Quality - Access to Success, 25(200), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.200.15

Nidya, W., & Dodi, A. P. (2021). The Influence of Workload and Stress on Employee Performance in PT X Palm Oil Mill. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 2(6), 2065–2071. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v2i6.374

Osiichuk, D. (2022). The Driver of Workplace Alienation or the Cost of Effective Stewardship? The Consequences of Wage Gap for Corporate Performance. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14138006

Pereira, D. A., Abdullah, M. R., Wider, W., Tanucan, J. C. M., Lee, H. P. T., Jiang, L., & Udang, L. N. (2024). Factors influencing employee motivation in the Malaysian banking industry. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(8), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5423

Pütz, S., Rick, V., Mertens, A., & Nitsch, V. (2022). Using IoT devices for sensor-based monitoring of employees’ mental workload: Investigating managers’ expectations and concerns. Applied Ergonomics, 102(March), 103739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103739

Rabuana, N. K. D. N., & Yanuar, Y. (2023). The Influence of Work Environment and Work Engagement on Employee Performance Mediated by Employee Well-Being. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 4(3), 541–557. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v4i3.523

Reuver, R., & Voorde, K. (2021). When do bundles of high performance work systems reduce employee absenteeism? The moderating role of workload. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(13), 2889–2909. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1616594

Rohim, A., & Budhiasa, I. G. S. (2024). Organizational culture as moderator in the relationship between organizational reward on knowledge sharing and employee performance. Journal of Management Development, 38(7), 538–560. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-07-2018-0190

Rostain, M. (2021). The impact of organizational culture on entrepreneurial orientation: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 15(March), e00234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2021.e00234

Rostami, F., Babaei-Pouya, A., Teimori-Boghsani, G., Jahangirimehr, A., Mehri, Z., & Feiz-Arefi, M. (2021). Mental Workload and Job Satisfaction in Healthcare Workers: The Moderating Role of Job Control. Frontiers in Public Health, 9(September), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.683388

Rožman, M., Oreški, D., & Tominc, P. (2023). Artificial-Intelligence-Supported Reduction of Employees’ Workload to Increase the Company’s Performance in Today’s VUCA Environment. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065019

Sanhokwe, H. (2022). Evaluating a desire to telework model: The role of perceived quality of life, workload, telework experience and organisational telework support. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 20, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v20i0.1848

Sapta, I. K. S., Muafi, M., & Setini, N. M. (2021). The Role of Technology, Organizational Culture, and Job Satisfaction in Improving Employee Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 495–505. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no1.495

Selby-Fell, H., & Newton, A. (2024). Embedding Evidence-Based Policing (EBP): A UK case study exploring organisational challenges. Police Journal, 97(1), 73–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032258X221128404

Serinkan, C., & Kiziloglu, M. (2021). The relationship between organisational culture and job satisfaction in higher education institutions: The bishkek case. Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences, 29(2), 168–179. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPSO.15319

Serpa, S., Sá, M. J., & Ferreira, C. M. (2022). Digital Organizational Culture: Contributions to a Definition and Future Challenges. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(4), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0095

Suifan, T. (2021). How innovativeness mediates the effects of organizational culture and leadership on performance. International Journal of Innovation Management, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.1142/S136391962150016X

Susanto, P. C., Sawitri, N. N., Ali, H., & Rony, Z. T. (2024). Determinations of employee engagement and employee performance at international freight forwarding company. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 8(6), 356–373. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2080

Sutanto, E. M., Sigiols, P. J., & Wijaya, E. N. (2024). Work-Life Balance , Employee Engagement , Job Satisfaction , And Indonesian Employees ’ Performance. 25(3), 832–851.

Tambunan, W., Partiwi, S. G., & Sudiarno, A. (2024). Impact of toxic work environment on employee engagement mediated by employee well-being and supportive work culture. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(8), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5532

Thornby, K. A., Brazeau, G. A., & Chen, A. M. H. (2023). Reducing Student Workload Through Curricular Efficiency. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 87(8), 100015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.12.002

Tierney, M., Adeyemi, E. O., & Bommer, S. (2025). A Systematic Literature Review: Cognitive Workload Assessment in Human Factors Research. Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, 2025(1). https://doi.org/10.1155/ahci/9313239

Worku, M. Y. (2025). Appropriateness of learning environments in preprimary educational institutions: the case of preschools in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 19(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-025-00140-7

Wulantika, L., Ayusari, R. M., & Wittine, Z. (2023). Workload, Social Support and Burnout on Employee Performance. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 10(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v10i1.1069

Zamudio, J., Woodward, J., Kanji, F. F., Anger, J. T., Catchpole, K., & Cohen, T. N. (2023). Demands of surgical teams in robotic-assisted surgery: An assessment of intraoperative workload within different surgical specialties. American Journal of Surgery, 226(3), 365–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.06.010

Zimba, C. C., Malava, J. K., Mbota, M., Matewere, M., Akello, H., Akiba, C. F., Landrum, K. R., Morrison, A., Go, V., Hosseinipour, M. C., Gaynes, B. N., Udedi, M., Masiye, J., & Pence, B. W. (2025). Barriers and potential solutions for effective integration of depression care into non-communicable diseases clinics in Malawi: a qualitative end-point evaluation of the SHARP randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-025-00663-z

Zsarnóczai, S. J., Popp, J., Belás, J., & Kovács, S. (2021). Developments in the income situation of the agricultural sector in the selected eu member states. Economics and Sociology, 14(1), 232–248. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/15