TINJAUAN PUSTAKA TENTANG PRAKTIK PENGUNGKAPAN LAPORAN KEBERLANJUTAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS SOSIAL SERTA KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/a2xeqv41Keywords:
Praktik Pengungkapan Laporan Keberlanjutan, Implikasinya terhadap Akuntabilitas Sosial, Kinerja PerusahaanAbstract
Tinjauan pustaka sistematis ini menyelidiki praktik pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan dan implikasinya terhadap akuntabilitas sosial dan kinerja perusahaan. Tinjauan ini berfokus pada bagaimana perusahaan di berbagai sektor, seperti energi, perbankan, kehutanan, dan pertambangan, mengungkapkan informasi non-keuangan terkait faktor lingkungan, sosial, dan tata kelola (ESG) dalam laporan keberlanjutan mereka. Berdasarkan studi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2016 dan 2025, penelitian ini mengkaji kedalaman, konsistensi, dan kualitas pengungkapan ini, terutama di pasar negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, Brasil, dan Tiongkok. Dengan menggunakan analisis konten kualitatif, studi ini menyoroti bagaimana pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan memengaruhi akuntabilitas sosial baik dalam hal memenuhi harapan pemangku kepentingan maupun berkontribusi pada praktik perusahaan yang transparan dan bertanggung jawab. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan keberlanjutan yang komprehensif, jika selaras dengan strategi perusahaan, akan menghasilkan peningkatan kinerja perusahaan, terutama dalam hal keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan dan persepsi pasar. Namun, masih terdapat tantangan dalam menangani risiko perubahan iklim secara menyeluruh dan mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi sirkular ke dalam laporan keberlanjutan. Tinjauan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya standarisasi praktik pelaporan dan memastikan bahwa perusahaan tidak hanya sekadar mengungkapkan hal-hal yang dangkal untuk mencerminkan kinerja keberlanjutan yang sebenarnya.
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