MODEL PENGEMBANGAN SKALABILITAS UMKM BERBASIS KECERDASAN BUATAN: PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN BERKELANJUTAN, KAPASITAS ABSORPSI, DAN INOVASI

Authors

Sofyan Ashari Nur Universitas Tidar
Hanung Eka Atmaja Universitas Tidar

DOI:

Keywords:

Skalabilitas Umkm, Kepemimpinan Berkelanjutan, Kapasitas Absorpsi, Kapasitas Inovasi, Adopsi Kecerdasan Buatan.

Abstract

Skalabilitas usaha mikro masih menjadi persoalan mendasar dalam pembangunan ekonomi, khususnya di tengah percepatan transformasi digital dan meningkatnya dorongan pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan. Banyak UMKM belum mampu mengelola pertumbuhan secara berkelanjutan karena keterbatasan kepemimpinan, kapasitas pembelajaran organisasi, serta kesiapan adopsi teknologi. Kondisi ini menuntut pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif mengenai mekanisme internal yang memungkinkan usaha mikro berkembang secara terstruktur dan adaptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kepemimpinan berkelanjutan, kapasitas absorpsi, kapasitas inovasi, serta adopsi kecerdasan buatan dalam mendorong skalabilitas UMKM, sekaligus merumuskan model pengembangan usaha mikro berbasis kecerdasan buatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods dengan desain explanatory sequential. Tahap kuantitatif dilakukan melalui survei terhadap UMKM di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, dan DKI Jakarta. Populasi penelitian adalah UMKM aktif, dengan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 385 UMKM. Tahap kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam untuk memperkuat interpretasi temuan kuantitatif. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis melalui proses pengodean bertahap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan berkelanjutan dan kapasitas absorpsi merupakan fondasi utama dalam meningkatkan skalabilitas UMKM. Kapasitas inovasi tidak secara langsung mendorong skalabilitas, namun memberikan kontribusi yang lebih kuat ketika diperkuat oleh adopsi kecerdasan buatan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kecerdasan buatan berperan sebagai penguat selektif, bukan pengganti kepemimpinan dan pembelajaran organisasi. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi teoretis bagi pengembangan literatur UMKM dan implikasi praktis bagi perancang kebijakan serta pendamping UMKM dalam merancang strategi transformasi digital yang berkelanjutan.

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