THE ROLE OF AMBIDEXTROUS LEADERSHIP FOR GENERATION Z IN INDONESIAN BANKING INDUSTRY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/43f6k216Keywords:
Kepemimpinan yang Fleksibel, Motivasi, Kepuasan Karyawan, Kinerja Karyawan, Sektor PerbankanAbstract
As Generation Z begins to join the workforce in greater numbers, gaining a deeper understanding of their traits becomes increasingly essential. This study aims to explore the relationship between Ambidextrous Leadership (AL) and Motivation (M) in influencing Employee Performance (EP), with Employee Satisfaction (ES) examined as a potential mediating variable, specifically among Gen Z employees in Indonesia's banking sector. A total of 307 Gen Z employees from prominent banks across Indonesia participated in the study, selected through purposive judgment sampling. The data was analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. Findings revealed that both AL and M significantly influenced ES and EP directly. However, ES did not significantly affect EP, nor did it mediate the relationships between AL and EP or M and EP. The findings highlight the need for an integrated strategy to enhance EP, focusing on strengthening ambidextrous leadership and boosting motivation. Leaders should embody an ambidextrous mindset, being adaptable, innovative, willing to take calculated risks, and attentive to performance outcomes. To improve motivation, companies should cultivate a supportive workplace culture, conduct routine performance assessments, and provide transparent career development opportunities. Companies should form ambidextrous leadership by conducting training and development, developing a flexible mindset, implementing a balanced reward system, honing communication skills and managing conflict effectively.
References
1 in 5 Managers Have Considered Quitting Due to Stress of Overseeing Gen Z Employees. (5 de November de 2025). Fonte: https://www.intelligent.com/1-in-5-managers-have-considered-quitting-due-to-stress-of-overseeing-gen-z-employees/
Achmad, L., Noermijati, Rofiaty, & Irawanto, D. W. (2023). Job satisfaction and employee engagement as mediators of the relationship between talent development and intention to stay in generation Z workers. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(1).
Alam, Z., Rafiq, M., Nasir, S., & Rehman, C. A. (2023). Light magic at the workplace due to empowering leadership: situation strength conceptions for intrapreneurial behaviour. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(1).
Andriana, I., Riyanto, D., & Darmawan, D. (2019). Workload and motivation on employees performance analyzed by information technology. IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 662(2).
Asa’ad, M. (2002). Psikologi Industri. Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Babu, M. D., Prasad, K. B., & Prasad, U. T. (2024). Impact of ambidextrous leadership on innovative work behavior and employee performance in the IT sector. Heliyon, 10(13).
Badrianto, Y., & Ekhsan, M. (2020). Effect of work environment and job satisfaction on employee performance in Pt. Nesinak Industries. Journal of Business, Management, and Accounting, 2(1), 85 - 91.
Bali, T. G., Brown, S. J., & Tang, Y. (2022). Disagreement in economic forecasts and equity returns: risk or mispricing? China Finance Review International, 13(3), 309–341.
Bankole, Q. A., Akanbi, M. L., Sulaiman, K. G., & Isiaka, A. O. (2023). Staff Motivation, Self-efficacy and Job Performance of Library. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 13(4).
Baskoro, G., Mariza, I., & Sutapa, I. N. (2023). Innovation to improve critical thinking skills in the generation Z using peeragogy as a learning approach and artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool. JTI, 25(2), 121-130.
Baxi, B. O., & Atre, D. (2024). Job Satisfaction: Understanding the Meaning, Importance, and Dimensions. Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship Research, 18(2), 34-40.
Bekele, M. (2021). he Effect of Leadership Style on Employees’ Job Satisfaction: The Case of BERHAN BANK SC. Doctoral dissertation, St. Mary’s University.
Bhatti, M. A., Alshagawi, M., Zakariya, A., & Juhari, A. (2018). Do multicultural faculty members perform well in higher educational institutions?: examining the roles of psychological diversity, climate, HRM practices and personality traits (Big Five). European Journal of Training and Development, 43(3).
Camelia, S., Surugiu, M.-R., Gradinaru, C., & Grigore, A.-M. (2025). Factors Motivating Generation Z in the Workplace: Managerial Challenges and Insights. Administrative Sciences, 15(1), 29.
Chalise, D. R., & Paudel, V. (2024). Embracing Complexity: Ambidextrous Leadership Enriching Job Satisfaction in Nepalese Commercial Banking Sector. International Journal of Asian Business and Management, 3(1), 9-26.
Domfeh, K. A., Theresa, O.-D., & Asare, L. O. (2016). Leadership Style and Employee Behaviour: A Reciprocal Relationship. African Research Review, 10(2), 1-15.
Ferrari, F. (2024). The employee-related antecedents of work performance: exploring a three-sided model for Human Resources Management. Business Process Management Journal.
Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes Generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business Horizons, 64(4), 489–499.
Gao, Q., Peng, L., Song, S., Zhang, Y., & Shi, Y. (2023). Assessment of healthcare quality among village clinicians in rural China: the role of internal work motivation. Hong Kong Med Journal, 29(1), 57 - 65.
Gazi, M. A., Islam, M. A., Shaturaev, J., & Dhar, B. K. (2022). Effects of job satisfaction on job performance of sugar industrial workers: empirical evidence from bangladesh. Sustainability, 14(21).
Gunasekare, T. (2021). Leaders for the Banking Industry: An investigation on effective leadership. KINERJA, 25(1), 1-15.
Hackman, D. (2021). Quantifying heterogeneous individual perceptions in project management research. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
Hardin, R. M. (2020). Generation Z: Motivational Needs of the Newest Workforce. Northcentral University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
Hoole, C., & Vermeulen, L. P. (2003). Job Satisfaction Among South African Aircraft Pilots. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 29 (1), 52-57.
Hoole, C., & Vermeulen, L. P. (2003). Job Satisfaction Among South African Aircraft Pilots. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 29 (1), 52-57.
Idris, M., Choiriyah, Jonifar, Hidayat, R., & Atika, F. (2023). The Influence of work motivation and work environment on job satisfaction and its impact on the performance of Bank Mandiri employees Palembang city. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(6).
Indrayani, I. G., & Sihombing, I. H. (2025). Exploring the Interplay between Ambidextrous Leadership and Organizational Engagement Among the Millennials: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Global Business & Finance Review, 30(1), 13-27.
Institute, I. R. (2024). Indonesia Gen Z Report.
Jumiati, Mursidi, & Rumijati, A. (2023). The Effect of Job Training and Motivation on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable: (Study at Kusuma Agrowisata Resort and Convention Hotel Batu). Business Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship, 02(01).
Juwaini, A., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Purwanto, A., Novitasari, D., Nagoya, R., & Wanasida, A. S. (2021). The role of work motivation, organizational culture and leadership on job satisfaction and teachers performance : an empirical study on Indonesian senior high schools. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 24(4), 1 - 11.
Karama, F. B. (2024). Effect of ambidextrous leadership, innovation work behavior and employee performance in level 4, 5, and 6 hospitals in kenya. International Journal of Economics, Commerce, and Management., 12(10), 8-29.
Kazmi, S. W., & Javaid, S. T. (2022). Antecedents of organizational identification: implications for employee performance. RAUSP Management Journal, 57(2), 111-130.
Kung, C.-W., Uen, J. F., & Lin, S.-C. (2020). Ambidextrous leadership and employee innovation in public museums. Chinese Management Studies, 14(4), 995–1014.
McGaha, K. K. (2018). An Interpretive Phenomenological Study of America's Emerging Workforce: Exploring Generation Z's Leadership Preferences. University of Phoenix.
Megawaty, M., Hamdat, A., & Aida, N. (2022). Examining Linkage Leadership Style, Employee Commitment, Work Motivation, Work Climate on Satisfaction and Performance. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(1), 1-14.
Memon, M. A., Ting, H., Cheah, J.-H., Cham, T.-H., Chuah, F., & Ramayah, T. (2020). Sample Size for Survey Research: Review and Recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 4(2).
Nuangjamnong, C. (2022). The COVID-19 epidemic with employees’ job satisfaction and performance on work from home during lockdown in Bangkok. Psychology and Education Journal , 59(1), 416-437.
Orea, G., & Fusté-Forné F, A. (2023). The way we live, the way we travel: generation Z and sustainable consumption in food tourism experiences. British Food Journal, 125(13), 330-351.
Phuong, V. H., & Huy, H. T. (2022). Effects of teamwork on employee performance: a case study of the hotel sector in can tho city, vietnam. Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 41(2), 472-476.
Pingree, P. J., Scharenbroich, L. J., Werne, T. A., & Hartzell, C. (2011). Implementing legacy-C algorithms in FPGA Co-Processor for Performance accelerated smart payloads space science. Insitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineer.
Polat Goktas, T. D. (2024). Using PLS-SEM and XAI for causal-predictive services marketing research. Journal of Services Marketing.
Ramadorai, J., & Haris, S. (2023). A study on strategic initiative for reinvigorating employee engagement among Gen Z. International Journal of Applied Research in Management and Economics, 6(1), 1-10.
Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Barrada, J. R., Río, E. F., & Koopmans, L. (2019b). Assessing job performance using brief self-report scales: the case of the individual work performance Questionnaire. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 35(3), 195-205.
Rivai, V. (2005). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (1993). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. Long Range Planning.
Shah, D. N., Bano, S., Saraih, U. N., Soomro, B. A., & Abdelwahed, N. A. (2024). Developing organizational performance through talent management practices: employee satisfaction’s mediating role in learning organizations. Business Process Management Journal, 30(3), 641-670.
Siswanto, S., Masyhuri, M., Maksum, I., & Murdiansyah, I. (2020). The role of job satisfaction as a mediating variable on leadership styles to employee performance. Jurnal Ekonomi MODERNISASI, 16(1), 54-65.
Slåtten, T., Mutonyi, B. R., Nordli, A. J., & Lien, G. (2023). The role of ambidextrous leadership and employee ambidexterity in enhancing service quality of care and creativity – a study of health professionals. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1).
Sutrisno, E. (2019). Manajemen sumber daya manusia. Jakarta: Kencana.
Syed Arslan Haider, M. Z. (2021). How does ambidextrous leadership promote innovation in project-based construction companies? Through mediating role of knowledge-sharing and moderating role of innovativeness. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26(1), 99–118.
Sypniewska, B., Baran, M., & Kłos, M. (2023). Work engagement and employee satisfaction in the practice of sustainable human resource management – based on the study of Polish employees. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 19, 1069-1100.
Tella, A., & Ibinaiye, O. A. (2020). Correlates of staff motivation, satisfaction, and job performance of library staff in selected Nigerian University libraries. International Information & Library Review, 52(1), 32-49.
Uno, H. (2012). Teori Motivasi dan Pengukurannya. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Usu, I., Yakup, Y., Lamuda, I., & Rahayu, L. (2024). The effect of compensation, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance at PT. Agro Artha Surya with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. International Journal Of Education Social Studies And Management, 4(2), 511-523.
Wardiansyah, D. R., Indrawati, N., & Kurniawati, D. T. (2024). The effect of employee motivation and employee engagement on job performance mediated by job satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 13(1), 220-231.
Wibowo. (2014). Manajemen Kinerja. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Yaya, J. (2017). Correlational Analysis of Motivation, Emotional Intelligence and Human Capital Development on Librarians’ Job Satisfaction and Productivity in Public University Libraries in Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice .
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Caroline Rusliea, Helen Yap, Venny Chrisnawati, Abdul Rohman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
