Peran Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Transformational Leadership Terhadap Innovative Work Behavior (Studi Pada Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung)
Abstract
The government encourages innovation in local governments. The success of organizational innovation is certainly inseparable from the innovative work behavior of its employees. To improve innovative work behavior, many factors influence. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of organizational citizenship behavior that mediates the influence of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior. Sample collection is carried out by random sampling and is cross sectional. Using the Slovin formula, a sample of 83 people from a population of 847 was obtained. Based on the test results, it was found that Transformational leadership (β = 0.632; t = 5.654; p-values = 0.000), had a positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior, Transformational leadership (β = 0.734; t = 18.946; p-values = 0.000), positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior, Organizational citizenship behavior (β = 0.761; t = 7.339; p-values = 0.000), positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior and Organizational citizenship behavior (β = 0.558; t = 7.746; p-values = 0.000), as mediator variables have a positive and significant effect on the causal relationship between transformational leadership with innovative work behavior. The magnitude of the model's prediction power with an R-Square score, which is 0.743 for innovative work behavior and 0.538 for organizational citizenship behavior. Thus, transformational leadership has a positive effect on innovative work behavior both directly and through organizational citizenship behavior.
Keywords: Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Transformational Leadership
References
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Afsar, B., Masood, M., & Umrani, W. A. (2019). The role of job crafting and knowledge sharing on the effect of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior. Personnel Review, 48(5), 1186–1208. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2018-0133.
Akram, T., Lei, S., Haider, M. J., & Hussain, S. T. (2018). Exploring the Impact of Knowledge Sharing on the Innovative Work Behavior of Employees: A Study in China. International Business Research, 11(3), 186. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n3p186
Alhashedi, A. A. A., Bardai, B., Al-Dubai, M. M. M., & Alaghbari, M. A. (2021). Organizational citizenship behavior role in mediating the effect of transformational leadership on organizational performance in gold industry of Saudi Arabia. Business: Theory and Practice, 22(1), 39-54.
AlKindy, A. M., Shah, I. M., & Jusoh, A. (2016). The impact of transformational leadership behaviors on work performance of omani civil service agencies. Asian Social Science, 12(3), 152-164.
Bally, J. M. (2007). The role of nursing leadership in creating a mentoring culture in acute care environments. Nursing economics, 25(3), 143.
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Bass, Bernard, M. (1999). Two Decades of Research and Development in Transformational Leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9–32. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.467.8619&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Bednall, T. C., E. Rafferty, A., Shipton, H., Sanders, K., & J. Jackson, C. (2018). Innovative behaviour: how much transformational leadership do you need?. British Journal of Management, 29(4), 796-816.
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Hadi, P., & Johan, A. (2023). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Career Commitment: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. Calitatea, 24(196), 148-155.
Hamdi, S. S., Jameel, A. S., Massoudi, A. H., & Ahmad, A. R. (2021). Leadership Style and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Secondary Schools. In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences (ICAFS 2021).
Han, S. H., Seo, G., Yoon, S. W., & Yoon, D.-Y. (2016). Transformational leadership and knowledge sharing: Mediating roles of employee’s empowerment, commitment, and citizenship behaviors. Journal of Workplace Learning, 28(3), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-09-2015-0066.
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Kartikaningdyah, E., & Utami, N. K. (2017). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional, kepuasan kerja, keadilan prosedural terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan variabel mediasi organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Journal of Applied Business Administration, 1(2), 256-269.
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Khaola, P.P., & D.A. Coldwell. (2017). Striking a Balance between Types of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Shoutern African Business Review. Vol. 21, 2017. DHET Accredited. ISSN: 1998-8125.
Khorakian, A., Mohammadi Shahroodi, H., Jahangir, M., & Nikkhah Farkhani, Z. (2019). Innovative Work Behavior in Public Organizations: The Roles of Ethical and Knowledge Sharing Behaviors. Creativity Research Journal, 31(2), 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2019.1607444.
Knezović, E., & Drkić, A. (2021). Innovative work behavior in SMEs: the role of transformational leadership. Employee Relations, 43(2), 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2020-0124.
Lange, M. A., & Hernandez-Bark, A. (2020). Leadership models and work behavior: An empirical analysis of consequences of authentic and transformational leadership. Advances in Pharma Business Management and Research, 45.
Lian, L. K., & Tui, L. G. (2012). Leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating effect of subordinates’ competence and downward influence tactics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 13(2), 59-96.Knezović, E., & Drkić, A. (2021). Innovative work behavior in SMEs: the role of transformational leadership. Employee Relations, 43(2), 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2020-0124.
Lukes, M., & Stephan, U. (2017). Measuring employee innovation: a review of existing scales and the development of the innovative behavior and innovation support inventories across cultures. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 23(1), 136-158. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2015-0262
Masood, M., & Afsar, B. (2017). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior among nursing staff. Nursing inquiry, 24(4), e12188.
Muafi, M., & Johan, A. (2022). Role of remote transformational leadership on service performance: Evidence in Indonesia. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 14(4).
Muchiri, M. K., McMurray, A. J., Nkhoma, M., & Pham, H. C. (2020). Mapping antecedents of innovative work behavior: A conceptual review. The Journal of Developing Areas, 54(4).
Murtezaj, D., & Ahmeti, A. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the Workplace: Case study at the Recycling Company Rec-Kos, Kosovo. Thesis, 10(1), 93-110.
Oktaviana, E. (2022). Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Innovative Work Behavior dan Transformational Leadership Sebagai Moderating Terhadap Employee Performance (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (Indonesia)).
Palupi, M. (2020). Efforts to Improve Employee Creativity Through Transformational Leadership. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 11(2), 224-232.
Pieterse, A. N., Van Knippenberg, D., Schippers, M., & Stam, D. (2009). Transformational and transactional leadership and innovative behavior: The moderating role of psychological empowerment. Journal of organizational behavior, 31(4), 609-623Pranata, S. P. K. A., Sitiari, N. W., & Yasa, P. N. S. (2020). the effect of organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) towards work stress and performance of employees in income agency regional City of Denpasar. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis JAGADITHA, 7(1), 65-72.
Purwanto, A. (2021). Leadership in the Innovation Era: Transactional or Transformational Style?. International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSMAS).
Rita, M., Randa Payangan, O., Rante, Y., Tuhumena, R., & Erari, A. (2018). Moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the effect of organizational commitment, transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance. International Journal of Law and Management, 60(4), 953–964. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0026.
Suprapti, S., Asbari, M., Cahyono, Y., Mufid, A., & Khasanah, N. E. (2020). Leadership style, organizational culture and innovative behavior on public health center performance during Pandemic Covid-19. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, 1(2), 76-88.
Surtiani, A., Faoziah, N., Prihatini, A., Abdurrahman, F. A., & Sutisna, S. (2022). Innovative Work Behavior In The Public Sector:Impact Of Transformational Leadership (Cased Study At The Regional Revenue Agency Of West Java Province). Res Militaris, 12(2), 7413–7425.
Top, C., Abdullah, B. M. S., & Faraj, A. H. M. (2020). Transformational leadership impact on employees performance. Eurasian Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 1(1), 49-59.
Wira, I. G. K. A., Supartha, G., & Wayan, I. (2016). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Komitmen Organisasional dengan Mediasi Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Kepuasan Kerja (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Afsar, B., & Umrani, W. A. (2020). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of motivation to learn, task complexity and innovation climate. European Journal of Innovation Management, 23(3), 402–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2018-0257.
Afsar, B., Badir, Y. F., & Saeed, B. B. (2014). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(8), 1270-1300
Afsar, B., Masood, M., & Umrani, W. A. (2019). The role of job crafting and knowledge sharing on the effect of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior. Personnel Review, 48(5), 1186–1208. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2018-0133.
Akram, T., Lei, S., Haider, M. J., & Hussain, S. T. (2018). Exploring the Impact of Knowledge Sharing on the Innovative Work Behavior of Employees: A Study in China. International Business Research, 11(3), 186. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n3p186
Alhashedi, A. A. A., Bardai, B., Al-Dubai, M. M. M., & Alaghbari, M. A. (2021). Organizational citizenship behavior role in mediating the effect of transformational leadership on organizational performance in gold industry of Saudi Arabia. Business: Theory and Practice, 22(1), 39-54.
AlKindy, A. M., Shah, I. M., & Jusoh, A. (2016). The impact of transformational leadership behaviors on work performance of omani civil service agencies. Asian Social Science, 12(3), 152-164.
Bally, J. M. (2007). The role of nursing leadership in creating a mentoring culture in acute care environments. Nursing economics, 25(3), 143.
Bass, B.M. and Avolio, B.J. (1990), "Developing Transformational Leadership: 1992 and Beyond", Journal of European Industrial Training, Vol. 14 No. 5. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090599010135122
Bass, Bernard, M. (1999). Two Decades of Research and Development in Transformational Leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9–32. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.467.8619&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Bednall, T. C., E. Rafferty, A., Shipton, H., Sanders, K., & J. Jackson, C. (2018). Innovative behaviour: how much transformational leadership do you need?. British Journal of Management, 29(4), 796-816.
Burns, James MacGregor. (1978). Transformational Leadership Theory. https:// www.leadership-central.com/burns-transformational-leadership-theory
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Hadi, P., & Johan, A. (2023). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Career Commitment: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. Calitatea, 24(196), 148-155.
Hamdi, S. S., Jameel, A. S., Massoudi, A. H., & Ahmad, A. R. (2021). Leadership Style and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Secondary Schools. In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences (ICAFS 2021).
Han, S. H., Seo, G., Yoon, S. W., & Yoon, D.-Y. (2016). Transformational leadership and knowledge sharing: Mediating roles of employee’s empowerment, commitment, and citizenship behaviors. Journal of Workplace Learning, 28(3), 130–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-09-2015-0066.
Hansen, J. A., & Pihl-Thingvad, S. (2019). Managing employee innovative behaviour through transformational and transactional leadership styles. Public Management Review, 21(6), 918-944.
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
Kartikaningdyah, E., & Utami, N. K. (2017). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional, kepuasan kerja, keadilan prosedural terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan variabel mediasi organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Journal of Applied Business Administration, 1(2), 256-269.
Khan, M. A., Ismail, F. B., Hussain, A., & Alghazali, B. (2020). The Interplay of Leadership Styles, Innovative Work Behavior, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. SAGE Open, 10(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019898264
Khaola, P.P., & D.A. Coldwell. (2017). Striking a Balance between Types of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Shoutern African Business Review. Vol. 21, 2017. DHET Accredited. ISSN: 1998-8125.
Khorakian, A., Mohammadi Shahroodi, H., Jahangir, M., & Nikkhah Farkhani, Z. (2019). Innovative Work Behavior in Public Organizations: The Roles of Ethical and Knowledge Sharing Behaviors. Creativity Research Journal, 31(2), 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2019.1607444.
Knezović, E., & Drkić, A. (2021). Innovative work behavior in SMEs: the role of transformational leadership. Employee Relations, 43(2), 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2020-0124.
Lange, M. A., & Hernandez-Bark, A. (2020). Leadership models and work behavior: An empirical analysis of consequences of authentic and transformational leadership. Advances in Pharma Business Management and Research, 45.
Lian, L. K., & Tui, L. G. (2012). Leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating effect of subordinates’ competence and downward influence tactics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 13(2), 59-96.Knezović, E., & Drkić, A. (2021). Innovative work behavior in SMEs: the role of transformational leadership. Employee Relations, 43(2), 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2020-0124.
Lukes, M., & Stephan, U. (2017). Measuring employee innovation: a review of existing scales and the development of the innovative behavior and innovation support inventories across cultures. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 23(1), 136-158. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2015-0262
Masood, M., & Afsar, B. (2017). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior among nursing staff. Nursing inquiry, 24(4), e12188.
Muafi, M., & Johan, A. (2022). Role of remote transformational leadership on service performance: Evidence in Indonesia. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 14(4).
Muchiri, M. K., McMurray, A. J., Nkhoma, M., & Pham, H. C. (2020). Mapping antecedents of innovative work behavior: A conceptual review. The Journal of Developing Areas, 54(4).
Murtezaj, D., & Ahmeti, A. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the Workplace: Case study at the Recycling Company Rec-Kos, Kosovo. Thesis, 10(1), 93-110.
Oktaviana, E. (2022). Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Innovative Work Behavior dan Transformational Leadership Sebagai Moderating Terhadap Employee Performance (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (Indonesia)).
Palupi, M. (2020). Efforts to Improve Employee Creativity Through Transformational Leadership. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 11(2), 224-232.
Pieterse, A. N., Van Knippenberg, D., Schippers, M., & Stam, D. (2009). Transformational and transactional leadership and innovative behavior: The moderating role of psychological empowerment. Journal of organizational behavior, 31(4), 609-623Pranata, S. P. K. A., Sitiari, N. W., & Yasa, P. N. S. (2020). the effect of organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) towards work stress and performance of employees in income agency regional City of Denpasar. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis JAGADITHA, 7(1), 65-72.
Purwanto, A. (2021). Leadership in the Innovation Era: Transactional or Transformational Style?. International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSMAS).
Rita, M., Randa Payangan, O., Rante, Y., Tuhumena, R., & Erari, A. (2018). Moderating effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the effect of organizational commitment, transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance. International Journal of Law and Management, 60(4), 953–964. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0026.
Suprapti, S., Asbari, M., Cahyono, Y., Mufid, A., & Khasanah, N. E. (2020). Leadership style, organizational culture and innovative behavior on public health center performance during Pandemic Covid-19. Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, 1(2), 76-88.
Surtiani, A., Faoziah, N., Prihatini, A., Abdurrahman, F. A., & Sutisna, S. (2022). Innovative Work Behavior In The Public Sector:Impact Of Transformational Leadership (Cased Study At The Regional Revenue Agency Of West Java Province). Res Militaris, 12(2), 7413–7425.
Top, C., Abdullah, B. M. S., & Faraj, A. H. M. (2020). Transformational leadership impact on employees performance. Eurasian Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 1(1), 49-59.
Wira, I. G. K. A., Supartha, G., & Wayan, I. (2016). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Komitmen Organisasional dengan Mediasi Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Kepuasan Kerja (Doctoral dissertation, Udayana University).
Published
2023-09-17
Section
Articles
