Sungkai Leaves (Peronema Canescens) Ameliorates the Plasma Glucose Profile and the Pancreatic Histopathological Regeneration of Diabetic Wistar Rats
Abstract
This study aims to test how effective oral infusion of sungkai leaves is on the profile of changes in blood plasma glucose levels and regeneration of pancreatic tissue in diabetic Wistar rats. This research method is a proper experimental design with a randomized pre-post-test design with a control group. The study's results illustrate differences in mice's blood sugar levels before and after the intervention, showing a decrease in blood sugar levels in the K(+), P-1, and P-2 groups, while in the K(+), P-1, and P groups -2. The K(-) group shows a decreasing trend. Apart from that, histopathological examination of the pancreas also showed improvement in each treatment group with a decreasing percentage of pathological events. In conclusion, blood plasma glucose examination showed a significant difference, positively affecting diabetes mellitus, while the rate of pancreatic tissue injury showed a similar form.
Keywords: Sungkai leaves, plasma glucose, pancreatic regeneration
References
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Ahriyasna, R., Agustini, T. W., Djamiatun, K., & Primal, D. (2021). The Improvement of Insulin Resistance and the Antioxidant Capacity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats with Whiteleg Shrimp Shell Powder (Litopenaeus Vannamei). Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 15. https://doi.org/10.5219/1684
Arora, S. K., Verma, P. R., Itankar, P. R., Prasad, S. K., & Nakhate, K. T. (2021). Evaluation of Pancreatic Regeneration Activity of Tephrosia Purpurea Leaves in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 11(5), 435-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.03.001
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Dillasamola, D., Aldi, Y., Wahyuni, F. S., Rita, R. S., Umar, S., & Rivai, H. (2021). Study of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens, Jack) Leaf Extract Activity as an Immunostimulators with in Vivo and In Vitro Methods. Pharmacognosy Journal, 13(6). http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2021.13.177
Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K. B., & Martín, C. (2020). Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(17), 6275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176275
Ghasemi-Dehnoo, M., Amini-Khoei, H., Lorigooini, Z., & Rafieian-Kopaei, M. (2020). Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 13(10), 431-438. http://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.291036
Gobinath, R., Parasuraman, S., Sreeramanan, S., Enugutti, B., & Chinni, S. V. (2022). Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Spondias Mombin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 710. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.870399
Gusti, A. M., Qusti, S. Y., Alshammari, E. M., Toraih, E. A., & Fawzy, M. S. (2021). Antioxidants-Related Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), and Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Gene Variants Analysis in an Obese Population: A Preliminary Case-Control Study. Antioxidants, 10(4), 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040595
Helmy, S. A., Morsy, N. F. S., Elaby, S. M., & Ghaly, M. A. H. A. (2023). Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf Extracts of Portulaca oleracea L., Beta vulgaris L., and Cichorium intybus L. in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Journal of Medicinal Food. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2022.0119
Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2021). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: a Scientific Review. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 258. https://doi.org/10.2337%2Fdci20-0053
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Marques, A. M., Linhares, B. S., Dias Novaes, R., Freitas, M. B., Sarandy, M. M., & Gonçalves, R. V. (2020). Effects of the Amount and Type of Carbohydrates Used in Type 2 Diabetes Diets in Animal Models: A Systematic Review. PloS One, 15(6), e0233364. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233364
Mutha, R. E., Tatiya, A. U., & Surana, S. J. (2021). Flavonoids as Natural Phenolic Compounds and Their Role in Therapeutics: An Overview. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-020-00161-8
Mutia, M. S. (2022). Model Hewan Coba Diabetes: Diet Tinggi Lemak dan Induksi Sterptozotosin. Publish Buku Unpri Press ISBN, 1-68. http://jurnal.unprimdn.ac.id/index.php/ISBN/article/view/3005
Naeem, A., Ming, Y., Pengyi, H., Jie, K. Y., Yali, L., Haiyan, Z., & Qin, Z. (2022). The Fate of Flavonoids after Oral Administration: A Comprehensive Overview of Its Bioavailability. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(22), 6169-6186. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1898333
Nguyen, N. H., Pham, Q. T., Luong, T. N. H., Le, H. K., & Vo, V. G. (2020). Potential Antidiabetic Activity of Extracts and Isolated Compound from Adenosma Bracteosum (Bonati). Biomolecules, 10(2), 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10020201
Padhi, S., Nayak, A. K., & Behera, A. (2020). Type II Diabetes Mellitus: a Review on Recent Drug Based Therapeutics. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 131, 110708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110708
Pindan, N. P., Saleh, C., & Magdaleni, A. R. (2021). Phytochemical Test and Antioxidant Activity Test of N-Hexane Fraction Extract, Ethyl Acetate, and Remained Ethanol from Leaf of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens Jack.) Using DPPH Method. Jurnal Atomik, 6(1), 22-27. http://jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id/index.php/JA/article/view/815
Pratiwi, U., Muharni, M., Ferlinahayati, F., Yohandini, H., & Suheryanto, S. (2022). Antihyperlipidemia Activity of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens) Leaves Extract in Albino Rats Rattus Noverticus (Wistar Strain) with Propylthiouracil-Induced Hyperlipidemia. Medicinal Plants-International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 14(4), 589-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-6892.2022.00064.8
Salaverry, L. S., Parrado, A. C., Mangone, F. M., Dobrecky, C. B., Flor, S. A., Lombardo, T., & Rey-Roldan, E. B. (2020). In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Smilax Campestris Aqueous Extract in Human Macrophages, and Characterization of its Flavonoid Profile. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 247, 112282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112282
Unuofin, J. O., & Lebelo, S. L. (2020). Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1356893
Wilson, J. I., Emeka, O. A., Richard, O. N., Chukwuebuka, N. B., & Maryann, O. E. (2021). Histomorphological, Hypoglycaemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Acute Administration of Methanolic Extract of Persea Americana Seed in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Plant Cell Biotechnology And Molecular Biology, 247-260. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353583629
Xian, Y., Gao, Y., Lv, W., Ma, X., Hu, J., Chi, J., & Wang, Y. (2020). Resveratrol Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy by Reducing Chronic Inflammation and Improving The Blood Glucose Memory Effect in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 393, 2009-2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-019-01777-1
Yunarto, N., Alegantina, S., & Isnawati, A. (2022). Determination of HPLC Chromatogram Profile of Katuk (Breynia Androgyna (L.) Chakrab. & NP Balakr) Plants from Ristoja's Results Using Chemometric Analysis. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, 145-154. https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v0i0.6040
Zhou, M., Konigsberg, W. H., Hao, C., Pan, Y., Sun, J., & Wang, X. (2023). Bioactivity and Mechanisms of Flavonoids in Decreasing Insulin Resistance. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 38(1), 2199168. https://doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2023.2199168
Ahriyasna, R., Primal, D., & Nurhamidah, N. (2023). Flavanoid dalam Rebusan Kawa Daun (Coffea Canephora) Memperbaiki Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Regenerasi Sel Beta Pankreas Tikus Diinduksi Diabetes. Jurnal Kesehatan Perintis, 10(1), 60-67. https://doi.org/10.33653/jkp.v10i1.875
Ahriyasna, R., & Primal, D. (2023). The Effect of Kawa Daun (Coffea Canephora) Decoction on Blood Glucose Levels and Pancreatic β-Cells Regeneration in Rats with Diabetes. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 17, 122–131. https://doi.org/10.5219/1830
Ahriyasna, R., Agustini, T. W., Djamiatun, K., & Primal, D. (2021). The Improvement of Insulin Resistance and the Antioxidant Capacity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats with Whiteleg Shrimp Shell Powder (Litopenaeus Vannamei). Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 15. https://doi.org/10.5219/1684
Arora, S. K., Verma, P. R., Itankar, P. R., Prasad, S. K., & Nakhate, K. T. (2021). Evaluation of Pancreatic Regeneration Activity of Tephrosia Purpurea Leaves in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 11(5), 435-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.03.001
Azeem, M., Hanif, M., Mahmood, K., Ameer, N., Chughtai, F. R. S., & Abid, U. (2023). An Insight Into Anticancer, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin: A Review. Polymer Bulletin, 80(1), 241-262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-022-04091-8
Brata, A., & Wasih, E. A. (2021). Uji Efek Antipiretik Infusa Daun Sungkai (Peronema Canescens) pada Mencit Putih Jantan (Mus Musculus). Riset Informasi Kesehatan, 10(2), 164-173. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i3.18767
Cheng, M., He, J., Gu, Y., Wu, G., Tan, L., Li, C., & Zhu, K. (2023). Changes in Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.(Jackfruit) Pulp during In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion. Antioxidants, 13(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13010037
Dillasamola, D., Aldi, Y., Wahyuni, F. S., Rita, R. S., Umar, S., & Rivai, H. (2021). Study of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens, Jack) Leaf Extract Activity as an Immunostimulators with in Vivo and In Vitro Methods. Pharmacognosy Journal, 13(6). http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2021.13.177
Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K. B., & Martín, C. (2020). Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(17), 6275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176275
Ghasemi-Dehnoo, M., Amini-Khoei, H., Lorigooini, Z., & Rafieian-Kopaei, M. (2020). Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 13(10), 431-438. http://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.291036
Gobinath, R., Parasuraman, S., Sreeramanan, S., Enugutti, B., & Chinni, S. V. (2022). Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Spondias Mombin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 710. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.870399
Gusti, A. M., Qusti, S. Y., Alshammari, E. M., Toraih, E. A., & Fawzy, M. S. (2021). Antioxidants-Related Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), and Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) Gene Variants Analysis in an Obese Population: A Preliminary Case-Control Study. Antioxidants, 10(4), 595. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040595
Helmy, S. A., Morsy, N. F. S., Elaby, S. M., & Ghaly, M. A. H. A. (2023). Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf Extracts of Portulaca oleracea L., Beta vulgaris L., and Cichorium intybus L. in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Journal of Medicinal Food. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2022.0119
Hill-Briggs, F., Adler, N. E., Berkowitz, S. A., Chin, M. H., Gary-Webb, T. L., Navas-Acien, A., & Haire-Joshu, D. (2021). Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes: a Scientific Review. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 258. https://doi.org/10.2337%2Fdci20-0053
International Diabetic Federation. (2021). IDF Diabetes Atlas. 10th ed. Edward J Boyko DJM, Suvi Karuranga, Lorenzo Piemonte PR, Pouya Saeedi HS, editors. International Diabetic Federation. Available from: https://diabetesatlas.org
Marques, A. M., Linhares, B. S., Dias Novaes, R., Freitas, M. B., Sarandy, M. M., & Gonçalves, R. V. (2020). Effects of the Amount and Type of Carbohydrates Used in Type 2 Diabetes Diets in Animal Models: A Systematic Review. PloS One, 15(6), e0233364. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233364
Mutha, R. E., Tatiya, A. U., & Surana, S. J. (2021). Flavonoids as Natural Phenolic Compounds and Their Role in Therapeutics: An Overview. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-020-00161-8
Mutia, M. S. (2022). Model Hewan Coba Diabetes: Diet Tinggi Lemak dan Induksi Sterptozotosin. Publish Buku Unpri Press ISBN, 1-68. http://jurnal.unprimdn.ac.id/index.php/ISBN/article/view/3005
Naeem, A., Ming, Y., Pengyi, H., Jie, K. Y., Yali, L., Haiyan, Z., & Qin, Z. (2022). The Fate of Flavonoids after Oral Administration: A Comprehensive Overview of Its Bioavailability. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(22), 6169-6186. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1898333
Nguyen, N. H., Pham, Q. T., Luong, T. N. H., Le, H. K., & Vo, V. G. (2020). Potential Antidiabetic Activity of Extracts and Isolated Compound from Adenosma Bracteosum (Bonati). Biomolecules, 10(2), 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10020201
Padhi, S., Nayak, A. K., & Behera, A. (2020). Type II Diabetes Mellitus: a Review on Recent Drug Based Therapeutics. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 131, 110708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110708
Pindan, N. P., Saleh, C., & Magdaleni, A. R. (2021). Phytochemical Test and Antioxidant Activity Test of N-Hexane Fraction Extract, Ethyl Acetate, and Remained Ethanol from Leaf of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens Jack.) Using DPPH Method. Jurnal Atomik, 6(1), 22-27. http://jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id/index.php/JA/article/view/815
Pratiwi, U., Muharni, M., Ferlinahayati, F., Yohandini, H., & Suheryanto, S. (2022). Antihyperlipidemia Activity of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens) Leaves Extract in Albino Rats Rattus Noverticus (Wistar Strain) with Propylthiouracil-Induced Hyperlipidemia. Medicinal Plants-International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 14(4), 589-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-6892.2022.00064.8
Salaverry, L. S., Parrado, A. C., Mangone, F. M., Dobrecky, C. B., Flor, S. A., Lombardo, T., & Rey-Roldan, E. B. (2020). In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Smilax Campestris Aqueous Extract in Human Macrophages, and Characterization of its Flavonoid Profile. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 247, 112282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.112282
Unuofin, J. O., & Lebelo, S. L. (2020). Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1356893
Wilson, J. I., Emeka, O. A., Richard, O. N., Chukwuebuka, N. B., & Maryann, O. E. (2021). Histomorphological, Hypoglycaemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Acute Administration of Methanolic Extract of Persea Americana Seed in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Plant Cell Biotechnology And Molecular Biology, 247-260. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353583629
Xian, Y., Gao, Y., Lv, W., Ma, X., Hu, J., Chi, J., & Wang, Y. (2020). Resveratrol Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy by Reducing Chronic Inflammation and Improving The Blood Glucose Memory Effect in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 393, 2009-2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-019-01777-1
Yunarto, N., Alegantina, S., & Isnawati, A. (2022). Determination of HPLC Chromatogram Profile of Katuk (Breynia Androgyna (L.) Chakrab. & NP Balakr) Plants from Ristoja's Results Using Chemometric Analysis. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, 145-154. https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v0i0.6040
Zhou, M., Konigsberg, W. H., Hao, C., Pan, Y., Sun, J., & Wang, X. (2023). Bioactivity and Mechanisms of Flavonoids in Decreasing Insulin Resistance. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 38(1), 2199168. https://doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2023.2199168
Published
2024-01-31
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Copyright (c) 2024 Def Primal, Risya Ahriyasna, Rahmita Yanti
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