Perawatan Spiritual pada Pasien Kanker Payudara
Abstract
This study aims to get an overview of Islamic spiritual interventions that can be applied to breast cancer patients. The research method used in this research is scoping review based on the Arksey and O'Malley way by searching articles through Databased: EBSCO, SpringerLink, Pubmed, ProQuest, Science Direct, and Scopus and using the keywords "spiritual care intervention" or "spiritual intervention" AND "nurse" AND "breast cancer." The results showed that the articles reviewed, namely articles published from 2017 to 2022 with the specified criteria, were found in 11 pieces. In conclusion, Islamic spiritual interventions that can be applied to breast cancer patients include dhikr therapy, spiritual counseling, nursing care based on support-based spiritual care models, religious-spiritual psychotherapy, and group spiritual interventions based on the Koran and Islam.
Keywords: Spiritual Care Intervention, Breast Cancer, Nurse
References
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Chang, H. J., Hsu, L. L., Hsieh, S. I., Chu, T. L., & Yu, W. P. (2016). Development of a Needs Scale for Nurses Receiving in-Service Palliative Care Education. Cancer Nursing, 39(3), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000277
Davari, S., Boogar, I. R., Talepasand, S., & Evazi, M. R. (2022). The Effect of Religious–Spiritual Psychotherapy on Illness Perception and Inner Strength among Patients with Breast Cancer in Iran. Journal of Religion and Health, 61(6), 4302–4319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01594-6
Eid, N. A. A, Alqahtani, M. M. J., Marwa, K., Arnout, B. A., Alswailem, H. S., Anoud, A., & Toaimi, A. A. A. (2020). Religiosity , Psychological Resilience , and Mental Health Among Breast Cancer Patients in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical research, 14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178223420903054
Ghahari, S., Fallah, R., Rad, M. M., Farrokhi, N., Bolhari, J., Mousavi, M., Razzaghi, Z., & Akbari, M. E. (2017). Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Spiritual-Religious Intervention on Improving Coping Responses and Quality of Life among Women With Breast Cancer in Tehran. Bali Medical Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v6i2.581
Ghalyanee, B., Asadzandi, M., Bahraynian, A. S., & Zarchi, K. A. (2021). Comparing the Effects of Spiritual Counseling Based on the Sound Heart Model with Mindfulness Training on the Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases, 14(3), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.30699/IJBD.14.3.34
GLOBOCAN. (2018). Global Cancer Data. https://www.uicc.org/news/global-cancer-data-globocan-2018
Harmawati, H., & Patricia, H. (2019). The Influence of Dzikir Spiritual Therapy on the Self Acceptance Phase of Breast Cancer Patient in Regional General Hospital Dr. Rasidin Padang. Indian Journal of Research, 8(10), 8–10. https://www.worldwidejournals.com/paripex/article/the-influence-of-dzikir-spiritual-therapy-on-the-self-acceptance-phase-of-breast-cancer-patients-in-regional-general-hospital-dr-rasidin-padang/MTI3NDQ=/?is=1&b1=141&k=36
Haryani, A., Arifudin, A., & Nurhayati, N. (2015). Prayer and Dhikr as Spiritual-Related Interventions for Reducing Post-Surgery Pain Intensity in Moslem’s Patients. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 3(1), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20151517
Hayden, L., Byrne, E., Deegan, A., Dunne, S., & Gallagher, P. (2022). A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Examining Spirituality as Experienced by Individuals Living with Terminal Cancer. Health Psychology Open, 9(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/20551029221121526
Herniyanti, H., Saleh, A., & Irwan, A. M. (2019). Intervensi Perawatan Spiritual bagi Pasien Kanker: Tinjauan Sistematis. NURSCOPE: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pemikiran Ilmiah Keperawatan, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30659/nurscope.5.1.1-15
Hu, Y., Jiao, M., & Li, F. (2019). Effectiveness of Spiritual Care Training to Enhance Spiritual Health and Spiritual Care Competency among Oncology Nurses. BMC Palliative Care, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-019-0489-3
Irawan, E., Hayati, S., purwaningsih, D. (2017). Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kanker Payudara. Jurnal Keperawatan BSI, 5(2), 121-129. https://doi.org/10.31311/.v5i2.2635
Kienle, G. S., Mussler, M., Fuchs, D., & Kiene, H. (2018). On Caring and Sharing–Addressing Psychological, Biographical, and Spiritual Aspects in Integrative Cancer Care: A Qualitative Interview Study on Physicians’ Perspectives. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 40, 126–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2018.04.012
Komariah, M., Hatthakit, U., & Boonyoung, N. (2020). Impact of Islam-Based Caring Intervention on Spiritual Well-Being in Muslim Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy. Religions, 11(7), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11070361
Kusuma, A. N., Rahmawati, D., Lusiani, M., & Dede, R. (2020). The Effect of Dhikr Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients that Have Done Hemodialysis Therapy in Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica, 30(5), 175–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.11.048
Mahjoob, M., Nejati, J., Hosseini, A., & Bakhshani, N. M. (2016). The Effect of Holy Quran Voice on Mental Health. Journal of Religion and Health, 55(1), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-014-9821-7
Martins, H., Domingues, T. D., & Caldeira, S. (2020). Spiritual Well-Being in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy in an Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010119858269
Martoni, A. A., Varani, S., Peghetti, B., Roganti, D., Volpicella, E., Pannuti, R., & Pannuti, F. (2017). Spiritual Well-Being of Italian Advanced Cancer Patients in the Home Palliative Care Setting. European Journal of Cancer Care, 26(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12677
Mehr, S. S., Saberian, N., Akbari, M. E., Asem, F. M. (2021). A Study on the Effectiveness of Spiritual Intervention on Perception of God and Attitude toward Death in Women with Breast Cancer. European Journal of Medicine and Natural Sciences, 4(1), 11-26. https://revistia.com/index.php/ejmn/article/view/5037
Moosavi, S., Rohani, C., Borhani, F., & Akbari, M. E. (2021). Spiritual Care Experiences by Cancer Patients, their Family Caregivers and Healthcare Team Members in Oncology Practice Settings: A Qualitative Study. Explore, 17(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.015
Musa, A. S. (2017). Spiritual Care Intervention and Spiritual Well-Being. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 35(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010116644388
Nasution, L. A., Afiyanti, Y., & Kurniawati, W. (2020). Effectiveness of Spiritual Intervention toward Coping and Spiritual Well-being on Patients with Gynecological Cancer. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 7(3), 273–279. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_4_20
Nuraeni, A., Nurhidayah, I., Hidayati, N., Sari, C. W. M, & Mirwanti, R. (2015). Kebutuhan Spiritual pada Pasien Kanker. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 3(2), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v3i2.101
Rahnama, P., Javidan, A. N., Saberi, H., Montazeri, A., Tavakkoli, S., Pakpour, A. H., & Hajiaghababaei, M. (2015). Does Religious Coping and Spirituality Have a Moderating Role on Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury A Study from Iran. Spinal Cord, 53, 870–874. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.2015.102
Sajadi, M., Niazi, N., Khosravi, S., Yaghobi, A., Rezaei, M., & Koenig, H. G. (2018). Effect of Spiritual Counseling on Spiritual Well-Being in Iranian Women with Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 30, 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.12.011
Sankhe, A., Dalal, K., Agarwal, V., & Sarve, P. (2017). Spiritual Care Therapy on Quality of Life in Cancer Patients and Their Caregivers: A Prospective Non-randomized Single-Cohort Study. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(2), 725–731. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0324-6
Schroeder, K., & Lorenz, K. (2018). Nursing and the Future of Palliative Care. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(1), 4–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_43_17
Sherman, A. C., Merluzzi, T. V, Pustejovsky, J. E., Park, C. L., George, L., Fitchett, G., Jim, H. S. L., Munoz, A, R., Danhauer, S. C., Snyder, M. A., & Salsman, J. M. (2015). A Meta-Analytic Review of Religious or Spiritual Involvement and Social Health among Cancer Patients. Cancer, 121(21), 3779–3788. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29352.A
Stutzman, H., & Abraham, S. (2017). A Correlational Study of Spiritual Well-Being and Depression in the Adult Cancer Patient. Health Care Manager, 36(2), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000153
Sulistyawati, R.A., Probosuseno, P., & Setiyarini, S. (2019). Dhikr Therapy for Reducing Anxiety in Cancer Patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(4), 411–416. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_33_19
Supriadi, S., Sugijana, R., Shobirun, S., Sudiarto, S., & Dwiningsih, S. U. (2017). Religious Therapy as an Alternative Treatment in Reducing the Cortisol Hormone and Blood Sugar. ARC Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-0596.0203001
Tsaras, K., Papathanasiou, I. V., Mitsi, D., Veneti, A., Kelesi, M., Zyga, S., & Fradelos, E. C. (2018). Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 19(6), 1661–1669. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1661
Vargas-Escobar, L. M., & Guarnizo-Tole, M. (2020). Effect of an Educational Intervention Delivered to Senior Nursing Students to Strengthen Spiritual Care for People with Chronic Illness. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2019-0049
Wahyuningsih, F. E., Sofro, M. A. U., & Dwidiyanti, M. (2019). Spiritual Well being of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy through Mindfulness Based Spiritual. Media Keperawatan Indonesia, 2(3), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.26714/mki.2.3.2019.83-89
Wei, D., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Zhou, X., & Hu, H. (2016). Effectiveness of Physical, Psychological, Social, and Spiritual Intervention in Breast Cancer Survivors: An Integrative Review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 3(3), 226–232. https://doi.org/10.4103/2347-5625.189813
WHO. (2020). Cancer Indonesia 2020 Cancer Country Profile. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/cancer-idn-2020
WHO. (2021). Breast Cancer. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer
Widyaningsih, S., & Istifaraswati, A. (2019). Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Breast Cancer: A Descriptive Study. Sainteks, 16(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.30595/st.v16i2.7125
Zargani, A., Nasiri, M., Hekmat, K., Abbaspour, Z., & Vahabi, S. (2018). A Survey on the Relationship between Religiosity and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Study in Iranian Muslims. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(2), 217–222. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_65_17
Chang, H. J., Hsu, L. L., Hsieh, S. I., Chu, T. L., & Yu, W. P. (2016). Development of a Needs Scale for Nurses Receiving in-Service Palliative Care Education. Cancer Nursing, 39(3), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000277
Davari, S., Boogar, I. R., Talepasand, S., & Evazi, M. R. (2022). The Effect of Religious–Spiritual Psychotherapy on Illness Perception and Inner Strength among Patients with Breast Cancer in Iran. Journal of Religion and Health, 61(6), 4302–4319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01594-6
Eid, N. A. A, Alqahtani, M. M. J., Marwa, K., Arnout, B. A., Alswailem, H. S., Anoud, A., & Toaimi, A. A. A. (2020). Religiosity , Psychological Resilience , and Mental Health Among Breast Cancer Patients in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical research, 14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178223420903054
Ghahari, S., Fallah, R., Rad, M. M., Farrokhi, N., Bolhari, J., Mousavi, M., Razzaghi, Z., & Akbari, M. E. (2017). Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Spiritual-Religious Intervention on Improving Coping Responses and Quality of Life among Women With Breast Cancer in Tehran. Bali Medical Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v6i2.581
Ghalyanee, B., Asadzandi, M., Bahraynian, A. S., & Zarchi, K. A. (2021). Comparing the Effects of Spiritual Counseling Based on the Sound Heart Model with Mindfulness Training on the Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases, 14(3), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.30699/IJBD.14.3.34
GLOBOCAN. (2018). Global Cancer Data. https://www.uicc.org/news/global-cancer-data-globocan-2018
Harmawati, H., & Patricia, H. (2019). The Influence of Dzikir Spiritual Therapy on the Self Acceptance Phase of Breast Cancer Patient in Regional General Hospital Dr. Rasidin Padang. Indian Journal of Research, 8(10), 8–10. https://www.worldwidejournals.com/paripex/article/the-influence-of-dzikir-spiritual-therapy-on-the-self-acceptance-phase-of-breast-cancer-patients-in-regional-general-hospital-dr-rasidin-padang/MTI3NDQ=/?is=1&b1=141&k=36
Haryani, A., Arifudin, A., & Nurhayati, N. (2015). Prayer and Dhikr as Spiritual-Related Interventions for Reducing Post-Surgery Pain Intensity in Moslem’s Patients. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 3(1), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20151517
Hayden, L., Byrne, E., Deegan, A., Dunne, S., & Gallagher, P. (2022). A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Examining Spirituality as Experienced by Individuals Living with Terminal Cancer. Health Psychology Open, 9(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/20551029221121526
Herniyanti, H., Saleh, A., & Irwan, A. M. (2019). Intervensi Perawatan Spiritual bagi Pasien Kanker: Tinjauan Sistematis. NURSCOPE: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pemikiran Ilmiah Keperawatan, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30659/nurscope.5.1.1-15
Hu, Y., Jiao, M., & Li, F. (2019). Effectiveness of Spiritual Care Training to Enhance Spiritual Health and Spiritual Care Competency among Oncology Nurses. BMC Palliative Care, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-019-0489-3
Irawan, E., Hayati, S., purwaningsih, D. (2017). Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Kanker Payudara. Jurnal Keperawatan BSI, 5(2), 121-129. https://doi.org/10.31311/.v5i2.2635
Kienle, G. S., Mussler, M., Fuchs, D., & Kiene, H. (2018). On Caring and Sharing–Addressing Psychological, Biographical, and Spiritual Aspects in Integrative Cancer Care: A Qualitative Interview Study on Physicians’ Perspectives. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 40, 126–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2018.04.012
Komariah, M., Hatthakit, U., & Boonyoung, N. (2020). Impact of Islam-Based Caring Intervention on Spiritual Well-Being in Muslim Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy. Religions, 11(7), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11070361
Kusuma, A. N., Rahmawati, D., Lusiani, M., & Dede, R. (2020). The Effect of Dhikr Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients that Have Done Hemodialysis Therapy in Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica, 30(5), 175–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.11.048
Mahjoob, M., Nejati, J., Hosseini, A., & Bakhshani, N. M. (2016). The Effect of Holy Quran Voice on Mental Health. Journal of Religion and Health, 55(1), 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-014-9821-7
Martins, H., Domingues, T. D., & Caldeira, S. (2020). Spiritual Well-Being in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy in an Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 38(1), 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010119858269
Martoni, A. A., Varani, S., Peghetti, B., Roganti, D., Volpicella, E., Pannuti, R., & Pannuti, F. (2017). Spiritual Well-Being of Italian Advanced Cancer Patients in the Home Palliative Care Setting. European Journal of Cancer Care, 26(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12677
Mehr, S. S., Saberian, N., Akbari, M. E., Asem, F. M. (2021). A Study on the Effectiveness of Spiritual Intervention on Perception of God and Attitude toward Death in Women with Breast Cancer. European Journal of Medicine and Natural Sciences, 4(1), 11-26. https://revistia.com/index.php/ejmn/article/view/5037
Moosavi, S., Rohani, C., Borhani, F., & Akbari, M. E. (2021). Spiritual Care Experiences by Cancer Patients, their Family Caregivers and Healthcare Team Members in Oncology Practice Settings: A Qualitative Study. Explore, 17(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.015
Musa, A. S. (2017). Spiritual Care Intervention and Spiritual Well-Being. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 35(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010116644388
Nasution, L. A., Afiyanti, Y., & Kurniawati, W. (2020). Effectiveness of Spiritual Intervention toward Coping and Spiritual Well-being on Patients with Gynecological Cancer. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 7(3), 273–279. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_4_20
Nuraeni, A., Nurhidayah, I., Hidayati, N., Sari, C. W. M, & Mirwanti, R. (2015). Kebutuhan Spiritual pada Pasien Kanker. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 3(2), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v3i2.101
Rahnama, P., Javidan, A. N., Saberi, H., Montazeri, A., Tavakkoli, S., Pakpour, A. H., & Hajiaghababaei, M. (2015). Does Religious Coping and Spirituality Have a Moderating Role on Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury A Study from Iran. Spinal Cord, 53, 870–874. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.2015.102
Sajadi, M., Niazi, N., Khosravi, S., Yaghobi, A., Rezaei, M., & Koenig, H. G. (2018). Effect of Spiritual Counseling on Spiritual Well-Being in Iranian Women with Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 30, 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.12.011
Sankhe, A., Dalal, K., Agarwal, V., & Sarve, P. (2017). Spiritual Care Therapy on Quality of Life in Cancer Patients and Their Caregivers: A Prospective Non-randomized Single-Cohort Study. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(2), 725–731. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0324-6
Schroeder, K., & Lorenz, K. (2018). Nursing and the Future of Palliative Care. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(1), 4–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_43_17
Sherman, A. C., Merluzzi, T. V, Pustejovsky, J. E., Park, C. L., George, L., Fitchett, G., Jim, H. S. L., Munoz, A, R., Danhauer, S. C., Snyder, M. A., & Salsman, J. M. (2015). A Meta-Analytic Review of Religious or Spiritual Involvement and Social Health among Cancer Patients. Cancer, 121(21), 3779–3788. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29352.A
Stutzman, H., & Abraham, S. (2017). A Correlational Study of Spiritual Well-Being and Depression in the Adult Cancer Patient. Health Care Manager, 36(2), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000153
Sulistyawati, R.A., Probosuseno, P., & Setiyarini, S. (2019). Dhikr Therapy for Reducing Anxiety in Cancer Patients. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(4), 411–416. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_33_19
Supriadi, S., Sugijana, R., Shobirun, S., Sudiarto, S., & Dwiningsih, S. U. (2017). Religious Therapy as an Alternative Treatment in Reducing the Cortisol Hormone and Blood Sugar. ARC Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20431/2456-0596.0203001
Tsaras, K., Papathanasiou, I. V., Mitsi, D., Veneti, A., Kelesi, M., Zyga, S., & Fradelos, E. C. (2018). Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 19(6), 1661–1669. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1661
Vargas-Escobar, L. M., & Guarnizo-Tole, M. (2020). Effect of an Educational Intervention Delivered to Senior Nursing Students to Strengthen Spiritual Care for People with Chronic Illness. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2019-0049
Wahyuningsih, F. E., Sofro, M. A. U., & Dwidiyanti, M. (2019). Spiritual Well being of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy through Mindfulness Based Spiritual. Media Keperawatan Indonesia, 2(3), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.26714/mki.2.3.2019.83-89
Wei, D., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Zhou, X., & Hu, H. (2016). Effectiveness of Physical, Psychological, Social, and Spiritual Intervention in Breast Cancer Survivors: An Integrative Review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 3(3), 226–232. https://doi.org/10.4103/2347-5625.189813
WHO. (2020). Cancer Indonesia 2020 Cancer Country Profile. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/cancer-idn-2020
WHO. (2021). Breast Cancer. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer
Widyaningsih, S., & Istifaraswati, A. (2019). Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Breast Cancer: A Descriptive Study. Sainteks, 16(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.30595/st.v16i2.7125
Zargani, A., Nasiri, M., Hekmat, K., Abbaspour, Z., & Vahabi, S. (2018). A Survey on the Relationship between Religiosity and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Study in Iranian Muslims. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 5(2), 217–222. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_65_17
Published
2023-06-30
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Copyright (c) 2023 Ni'mah Mufidah, Anggorowati Anggorowati, Suhartini Ismail
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