Changes of Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients Through Isometric Handgrip Exercise
Abstract
This study aims to identify the effect of isometric handgrip exercise on changes in blood pressure in people with hypertension. Quasi experimental research design with two group pretest postest research design on 16 respondents. The results showed that there were changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after the isometric handgrip exercise intervention (t = 8,279, p = 0,000), (t = 6,154, p = 0,000). In conclusion, there was a difference between the decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the isometric handgrip exercise intervention group.
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Isometric Handgrip Exercise
References
Andri, J., Waluyo, A., Jumaiyah, W., & Nastashia, D. (2018). Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 2(1), 371–384. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i1.382
Andari, F., Vioneery, D., Panzilion, P., Nurhayati, N., & Padila, P. (2020). Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia dengan Senam Ergonomis. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 2(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i1.859
Badrov, M. B., Bartol, C. L., Dibartolomeo, M. A., Millar, P. J., McNevin, N. H., & McGowan, C. L. (2013). Effects of Isometric Handgrip Training Dose on Resting Blood Pressure and Resistance Vessel Endothelial Function in Normotensive Women. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(8), 2091–2100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2644-5
Carlson, D. J., Dieberg, G., Hess, N. C., Millar, P. J., & Smart, N. A. (2014). Isometric Exercise Training for Blood Pressure Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 89(3), 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.10.030
Dinkes Provinsi bengkulu. (2016). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Bengkulu Tahun 2015. 1–154
Farah, B., Germano-Soares, A., Rodrigues, S., Santos, C., Barbosa, S., Vianna, L., Cornelissen, V., & Ritti-Dias, R. (2017). Acute and Chronic Effects of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on Cardiovascular Variables in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review. Sports, 5(4), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports5030055
Garg, R., Malhotra, V., Dhar, U., & Tripathi, Y. (2013). The Isometric Handgrip Exercise as a Test for Unmasking Hypertension in the Offsprings of Hypertensive Parents. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 7(6), 996–999. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2013/5094.3043
Hamza, F. A., & Elden, A. R. (2019). The Effect of Handgrip Exercises on Blood Pressure. Global Scientific Journal, 7(8), 1448–1457. https://medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/2071
Hanfy, H. M., Ahmed, Y. R., Fouad, M. M., & Kamal, W. M. (2019). The Effect of Isometric Hand Grip on Blood Pressure in Post Menopausal Hypertension. The Medical Journal of Cairo University, 87(9), 2685–2691. https://doi.org/10.21608/mjcu.2019.58501
Harsismanto, J., Andri, J., Payana, T. D., Andrianto, M. B., & Sartika, A. (2020). Kualitas Tidur Berhubungan dengan Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i1.1146
Hellosehat. (2018). Obat Darah Tinggi harus Diminum Bahkan saat Tensi Darah Rendah. http://www.google.co.id/amp/s/hellosehat.com/hidup-sehat/tips-sehat/kapan-minum-obat-darah-tinggi/amp/
Heriziana, H. (2017). The Risk Factors Incidence of Hypertension in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang Menurut data Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia. Jurnal Kesmas Jambi (JKMJ), 1(1), 31–39. https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/jjph/article/view/3689/2715
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., Lackland, D. T., LeFevre, M. L., MacKenzie, T. D., Ogedegbe, O., Smith, S. C., Svetkey, L. P., Taler, S. J., Townsend, R. R., Wright, J. T., Narva, A. S., & Ortiz, E. (2014). Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. Jama, 311(5), 507. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.284427
Jeelani, M., & Taklikar, R. H. (2018). Isometric Exercise and its Effect on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate; A Comparative Study Between Healthy, Young, and Elderly Males in and Around Raichur City. International Journal of Scientific Study, 6(6), 12–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17354/ijss/2018/103
Jørgensen, M. G., Ryg, J., Danielsen, M. B., Madeleine, P., & Andersen, S. (2018). Twenty Weeks of Isometric Handgrip Home Training to Lower Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Older Adults: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Trials, 19(97), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2441-x
Karthikkeyan, K., Latha, K., & Gokulnathan, V. (2020). Effects of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on Blood Pressure and Its Role in Identifying Hypertensive Risk Individuals. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 7(2), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.4
Lam, E. T. C. (2018). The Benefits of Isometric Hand Grip Devices. Research & Investigations in Sports Medicine, 1(5), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.31031/rism.2018.01.000521
Lopes, S., Mesquita-Bastos, J., Alves, A. J., & Ribeiro, F. (2018). Exercise as a Tool for Hypertension and Resistant Hypertension Management: Current Insights. In Integrated Blood Pressure Control, 11, 65–71). https://doi.org/10.2147/IBPC.S136028
McGowan, C. L., Proctor, D. N., Swaine, I., Brook, R. D., Jackson, E. A., & Levy, P. D. (2017). Isometric Handgrip as an Adjunct for Blood Pressure Control: a Primer for Clinicians. In Current Hypertension Reports, 19, (6), 1–8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-017-0748-8
Mortimer, J., & McKune, A. J. (2011). Effect of Short-Term Isometric Handgrip Training on Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged Females. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 22(5), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2010-090
Ogbutor, G. U., Nwangwa, E. K., & Uyagu, D. D. (2019). Isometric Handgrip Exercise Training Attenuates Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive Subjects At 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 22(12), 1765–1771. https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18
Okamoto, T., Hashimoto, Y., & Kobayashi, R. (2020). Isometric Handgrip Training Reduces Blood Pressure and Wave Reflections in East Asian, Non-Medicated, Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(8), 1485–1491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01330-3
Parlindungan, T., Lukitasari, A., & Mudatsir, M. (2016). Latihan Isometrik Bermanfaat Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 4(1), 71–81. http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/JIK/article/view/6321
Piikmann, S., & Reisberg, K. (2019). The Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training on Blood Pressure. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 24, 109–120. https://doi.org/10.12697/akut.2018.24.08
Riskesdas. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/8/085201
Sabar, S. (2015). Pengaruh Isometric Handgrip Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah [Universitas Indonesia]. http://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20404253&lokasi=lokal
Sandhu, J., Gill, H., & Gupta, V. (2014). Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training on Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure in Normotensive Individuals. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS, 2(6A), 2010–2015. http://saspublisher.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/SJAMS-26A2010-2015.pdf
Sartika, A., Betrianita, B., Andri, J., Padila, P., & Nugrah, A. V. (2020). Senam Lansia Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia. Journal of Telenursing, 2(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i1.1126
Sartika, A., Wardi, A., & Sofiani, Y. (2018). Perbedaan Efektivitas Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) dengan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise (SDBE) terhadap Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 2(1), 356–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i1.380
Silva, G. O., Farah, B. Q., Germano-Soares, A. H., Andrade-Lima, A., Santana, F. S., Rodrigues, S. L., & Ritti-Dias, R. M. (2018). Acute Blood Pressure Responses after Different Isometric Handgrip Protocols in Hypertensive Patients. Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 73, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e373
Stefani, L., Mascherini, G., Tosi, B., & Galanti, G. (2019). Hypertension Today: Role of Sports and Exercise Medicine. Journal of Hypertension and Cardiology, 2(4), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2329-9487.jhc-19-2714
Suiraoka. (2012). Penyakit Degeneratif, Mengenal, Mencegah dan Mengurangi Faktor Risiko 9 Penyakit Degeneratif. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika
Sundari, S., Aulani’am, A., Wahono, S. D., & Widodo, A. M. (2013). Faktor Risiko Non Genetik dan Polimorfisme Promoter RegionGen CYP11B2Varian T(-344)C Aldosterone Synthasepada Pasien Hipertensi Esensial di Wilayah Pantai dan Pegunungan. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, 27(3), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2013.027.03.8
Susiladewi, I. A. M. V., Widyanthari, D. M., & Adnyana, I. M. O. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Isometrik terhadap Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi. Community of Publishing in Nursing, 5(3), 153–160. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/coping/article/view/13859
Timmis, A., Townsend, N., Gale, C. P., Torbica, A., Lettino, M., Petersen, S. E., Mossialos, E. A., Maggioni, A. P., Kazakiewicz, D., May, H. T., De Smedt, D., Flather, M., Zuhlke, L., Beltrame, J. F., Huculeci, R., Tavazzi, L., Hindricks, G., Bax, J., Casadei, B., & Bardinet, I. (2020). European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2019. European Heart Journal, 41(1), 12–85. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz859
Triyanto, E. (2014). Pelayanan Keperawatan bagi Penderita Hipertensi Secara Terpadu. In Graha Ilmu (Issue 1)
WHO. (2015). Prevalence of Raised Blood Pressure. http:/gamapserver.who.int/gho/interactive_charts/ncd/risk_factors/blood_pressure_prevalence/atlas.html
Widiana, I. M. R., & Ani, L. S. (2017). Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Hipertensi pada Pralansia dan Lansia di Dusun Tengah, Desa Ulakan, Kecamatan Manggis. E-Jurnal Medika, 6(8), 1–5. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/33478/20284
Zainuddin, R., Aliwu, A. F., Rachmawaty, R., & Syam, Y. (2018). Efektivitas Progressive Muscle Relaxation terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Penyakit Hipertensi. Strada Jurnal Ilmia Kesehatan, 7(2), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v7i2.169
Zainuddin, R. N., & Labdullah, P. (2020). Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 615–624. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.364
Andari, F., Vioneery, D., Panzilion, P., Nurhayati, N., & Padila, P. (2020). Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia dengan Senam Ergonomis. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 2(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i1.859
Badrov, M. B., Bartol, C. L., Dibartolomeo, M. A., Millar, P. J., McNevin, N. H., & McGowan, C. L. (2013). Effects of Isometric Handgrip Training Dose on Resting Blood Pressure and Resistance Vessel Endothelial Function in Normotensive Women. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(8), 2091–2100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2644-5
Carlson, D. J., Dieberg, G., Hess, N. C., Millar, P. J., & Smart, N. A. (2014). Isometric Exercise Training for Blood Pressure Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 89(3), 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.10.030
Dinkes Provinsi bengkulu. (2016). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Bengkulu Tahun 2015. 1–154
Farah, B., Germano-Soares, A., Rodrigues, S., Santos, C., Barbosa, S., Vianna, L., Cornelissen, V., & Ritti-Dias, R. (2017). Acute and Chronic Effects of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on Cardiovascular Variables in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review. Sports, 5(4), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports5030055
Garg, R., Malhotra, V., Dhar, U., & Tripathi, Y. (2013). The Isometric Handgrip Exercise as a Test for Unmasking Hypertension in the Offsprings of Hypertensive Parents. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 7(6), 996–999. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2013/5094.3043
Hamza, F. A., & Elden, A. R. (2019). The Effect of Handgrip Exercises on Blood Pressure. Global Scientific Journal, 7(8), 1448–1457. https://medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/2071
Hanfy, H. M., Ahmed, Y. R., Fouad, M. M., & Kamal, W. M. (2019). The Effect of Isometric Hand Grip on Blood Pressure in Post Menopausal Hypertension. The Medical Journal of Cairo University, 87(9), 2685–2691. https://doi.org/10.21608/mjcu.2019.58501
Harsismanto, J., Andri, J., Payana, T. D., Andrianto, M. B., & Sartika, A. (2020). Kualitas Tidur Berhubungan dengan Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i1.1146
Hellosehat. (2018). Obat Darah Tinggi harus Diminum Bahkan saat Tensi Darah Rendah. http://www.google.co.id/amp/s/hellosehat.com/hidup-sehat/tips-sehat/kapan-minum-obat-darah-tinggi/amp/
Heriziana, H. (2017). The Risk Factors Incidence of Hypertension in Puskesmas Basuki Rahmat Palembang Menurut data Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia. Jurnal Kesmas Jambi (JKMJ), 1(1), 31–39. https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/index.php/jjph/article/view/3689/2715
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., Lackland, D. T., LeFevre, M. L., MacKenzie, T. D., Ogedegbe, O., Smith, S. C., Svetkey, L. P., Taler, S. J., Townsend, R. R., Wright, J. T., Narva, A. S., & Ortiz, E. (2014). Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. Jama, 311(5), 507. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.284427
Jeelani, M., & Taklikar, R. H. (2018). Isometric Exercise and its Effect on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate; A Comparative Study Between Healthy, Young, and Elderly Males in and Around Raichur City. International Journal of Scientific Study, 6(6), 12–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17354/ijss/2018/103
Jørgensen, M. G., Ryg, J., Danielsen, M. B., Madeleine, P., & Andersen, S. (2018). Twenty Weeks of Isometric Handgrip Home Training to Lower Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Older Adults: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Trials, 19(97), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2441-x
Karthikkeyan, K., Latha, K., & Gokulnathan, V. (2020). Effects of Isometric Handgrip Exercise on Blood Pressure and Its Role in Identifying Hypertensive Risk Individuals. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR], 7(2), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.21276/ijcmr.2020.7.2.4
Lam, E. T. C. (2018). The Benefits of Isometric Hand Grip Devices. Research & Investigations in Sports Medicine, 1(5), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.31031/rism.2018.01.000521
Lopes, S., Mesquita-Bastos, J., Alves, A. J., & Ribeiro, F. (2018). Exercise as a Tool for Hypertension and Resistant Hypertension Management: Current Insights. In Integrated Blood Pressure Control, 11, 65–71). https://doi.org/10.2147/IBPC.S136028
McGowan, C. L., Proctor, D. N., Swaine, I., Brook, R. D., Jackson, E. A., & Levy, P. D. (2017). Isometric Handgrip as an Adjunct for Blood Pressure Control: a Primer for Clinicians. In Current Hypertension Reports, 19, (6), 1–8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-017-0748-8
Mortimer, J., & McKune, A. J. (2011). Effect of Short-Term Isometric Handgrip Training on Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged Females. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa, 22(5), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.5830/CVJA-2010-090
Ogbutor, G. U., Nwangwa, E. K., & Uyagu, D. D. (2019). Isometric Handgrip Exercise Training Attenuates Blood Pressure in Prehypertensive Subjects At 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 22(12), 1765–1771. https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_240_18
Okamoto, T., Hashimoto, Y., & Kobayashi, R. (2020). Isometric Handgrip Training Reduces Blood Pressure and Wave Reflections in East Asian, Non-Medicated, Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(8), 1485–1491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01330-3
Parlindungan, T., Lukitasari, A., & Mudatsir, M. (2016). Latihan Isometrik Bermanfaat Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 4(1), 71–81. http://jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/JIK/article/view/6321
Piikmann, S., & Reisberg, K. (2019). The Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training on Blood Pressure. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 24, 109–120. https://doi.org/10.12697/akut.2018.24.08
Riskesdas. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/8/085201
Sabar, S. (2015). Pengaruh Isometric Handgrip Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah [Universitas Indonesia]. http://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20404253&lokasi=lokal
Sandhu, J., Gill, H., & Gupta, V. (2014). Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training on Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure in Normotensive Individuals. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS, 2(6A), 2010–2015. http://saspublisher.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/SJAMS-26A2010-2015.pdf
Sartika, A., Betrianita, B., Andri, J., Padila, P., & Nugrah, A. V. (2020). Senam Lansia Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia. Journal of Telenursing, 2(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i1.1126
Sartika, A., Wardi, A., & Sofiani, Y. (2018). Perbedaan Efektivitas Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) dengan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise (SDBE) terhadap Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 2(1), 356–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i1.380
Silva, G. O., Farah, B. Q., Germano-Soares, A. H., Andrade-Lima, A., Santana, F. S., Rodrigues, S. L., & Ritti-Dias, R. M. (2018). Acute Blood Pressure Responses after Different Isometric Handgrip Protocols in Hypertensive Patients. Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 73, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2018/e373
Stefani, L., Mascherini, G., Tosi, B., & Galanti, G. (2019). Hypertension Today: Role of Sports and Exercise Medicine. Journal of Hypertension and Cardiology, 2(4), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2329-9487.jhc-19-2714
Suiraoka. (2012). Penyakit Degeneratif, Mengenal, Mencegah dan Mengurangi Faktor Risiko 9 Penyakit Degeneratif. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika
Sundari, S., Aulani’am, A., Wahono, S. D., & Widodo, A. M. (2013). Faktor Risiko Non Genetik dan Polimorfisme Promoter RegionGen CYP11B2Varian T(-344)C Aldosterone Synthasepada Pasien Hipertensi Esensial di Wilayah Pantai dan Pegunungan. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, 27(3), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2013.027.03.8
Susiladewi, I. A. M. V., Widyanthari, D. M., & Adnyana, I. M. O. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Isometrik terhadap Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi. Community of Publishing in Nursing, 5(3), 153–160. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/coping/article/view/13859
Timmis, A., Townsend, N., Gale, C. P., Torbica, A., Lettino, M., Petersen, S. E., Mossialos, E. A., Maggioni, A. P., Kazakiewicz, D., May, H. T., De Smedt, D., Flather, M., Zuhlke, L., Beltrame, J. F., Huculeci, R., Tavazzi, L., Hindricks, G., Bax, J., Casadei, B., & Bardinet, I. (2020). European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2019. European Heart Journal, 41(1), 12–85. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz859
Triyanto, E. (2014). Pelayanan Keperawatan bagi Penderita Hipertensi Secara Terpadu. In Graha Ilmu (Issue 1)
WHO. (2015). Prevalence of Raised Blood Pressure. http:/gamapserver.who.int/gho/interactive_charts/ncd/risk_factors/blood_pressure_prevalence/atlas.html
Widiana, I. M. R., & Ani, L. S. (2017). Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Hipertensi pada Pralansia dan Lansia di Dusun Tengah, Desa Ulakan, Kecamatan Manggis. E-Jurnal Medika, 6(8), 1–5. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/33478/20284
Zainuddin, R., Aliwu, A. F., Rachmawaty, R., & Syam, Y. (2018). Efektivitas Progressive Muscle Relaxation terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Penyakit Hipertensi. Strada Jurnal Ilmia Kesehatan, 7(2), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v7i2.169
Zainuddin, R. N., & Labdullah, P. (2020). Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 615–624. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.364
Published
2021-06-21
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2021 Juli Andri, Padila Padila, Andry Sartika, Muhammad Bagus Andrianto, Harsismanto J
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
