Pengembangan Panduan Peran dan Fungsi Top Manajer Keperawatan di Rumah Sakit
Abstract
This study aims to develop guidelines for the role and function of the head of the nursing field. This study method is a case study with a situation analysis. Data obtained through interviews and document study. The stages start from the assessment, problem identification, problem analysis, determination of problem priorities and making a plan of action. Implementation begins with the preparation of a draft guide and self-assessment, hiring expert, socialization and evaluation. This study is an innovation project that already has a permit from the Jakarta Hospital. The results showed that the role and function of the head of the nursing field has the potential to be improved. Innovations are developed by making guidelines and self-assessment referring to the literature covering three main managerial roles and five management functions. The trial of filling out self-assessment tools can be carried out. The conclusion of the roles and functions of the head of the nursing field is very important in supporting nursing governance and improving performance.
Keywords: Nursing, Guidelines, Development, Management Roles and Functions, Top Managers
References
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Fadli, R., Seta, A. B., Ilham, N., Nurcahayati, S., & Mulyani, S. (2020). Pelatihan Manajemen Waktu dalam Mewujudkan Produktivitas Kerja pada Tenaga Kesehatan RSU Bhakti Asih. BAKTIMAS : Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat, 2(2), 100–103. https://doi.org/10.32672/btm.v2i2.2132
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Ma, H., Chihava, T. N., Fu, J., Zhang, S., Lei, L., Tan, J., Lin, L., & Luo, Y. (2020). Competencies of Military Nurse Managers: A Scoping Review and Unifying Framework. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(6), 1166–1176. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13068
Majers, J. S., & Warshawsky, N. (2020). Evidence-Based Decision-Making for Nurse Leaders. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 471–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.06.006
Marken-George, S. (2020). CNO Jitters Reduced With Support of the AONL New Nurse Executive Fellowship. Nurse Leader, 18(2), 139–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2019.12.004
Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2017). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application. In Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application. Wolters Kluwer. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006216-200407000-00013
Morse, V., & Warshawsky, N. E. (2021). Nurse Leader Competencies: Today and Tomorrow. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 45(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000453
Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Isfahani, P. (2018). The Challenges of Strategic Planning in Tehran Province Hospitals. Management Strategies in Health System, 3(3), 184–200. http://mshsj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-210-fa.html
Neves, T. M. A., Parreira, P. M. S. D., Graveto, J. M. G. N., Freitas, M. J. B. dos S. de, & Rodrigues, V. J. L. (2020). Nurse Managers’ Perceptions of Nurse Staffing and Nursing Care Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(3), 625–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12966
Ofei, A. M. A., Paarima, Y., Barnes, T., & Kwashie, A. A. (2019). Stress and Coping Strategies Among Nurse Managers. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 10(2), 39. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n2p39
Robbins, S., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational Behavior (17th Ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Salmela, S., Koskinen, C., & Eriksson, K. (2017). Nurse Leaders As Managers of Ethically Sustainable Caring Cultures. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73(4), 871–882. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13184
Sanford, K., & Janney, M. (2019). Preparing the Nurse Executive of the Future. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(4), 171–173. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000732
Selig, B. (2020). Nurse Manager Interns: A Proactive Approach to Developing Leadership Talent and Solidifying Succession Planning. Nurse Leader, 18(6), 609–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.07.007
Susanti, S. S., Anggraini, D. D., Perangin-angin, M. A., Girsang, B. M., Ritonga, I. L., Tahulending, P. S., Rumerung, C. L., Sihombing, R. M., Delima, A. H., & Purba, D. H. (2020). Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Dalam Keperawatan. Medan: Yayasan Kita Menulis
Ulit, M. J., Eriksen, M., Warrier, S., Cardenas-Lopez, K., Cenzon, D., Leon, E., & Miller, J. A. (2020). Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in Supporting a Healthy Work Environment. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 31(1), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.4037/AACNACC2020968
Uzarski, D., & Broome, M. E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization’s Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(1), 12–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007
Warshawsky, N., & Cramer, E. (2019). Describing Nurse Manager Role Preparation and Competency: Findings from a National Study. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(5), 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000746
Warshawsky, N. E., Caramanica, L., & Cramer, E. (2020). Organizational Support for Nurse Manager Role Transition and Onboarding: Strategies for Success. Journal of Nursing Administration, 50(5), 254–260. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000880
Waxman, K. T., Roussel, L., Herrin-Griffith, D., & D’Alfonso, J. (2017). The AONE Nurse Executive Competencies: 12 Years Later. Nurse Leader, 15(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2016.11.012
Wei, H., Roberts, P., Strickler, J., & Corbett, R. W. (2019). Nurse Leaders’ Strategies to Foster Nurse Resilience. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 681–687. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12736
Wichaikhum, O., Abhicharttibutra, K., Nantsupawat, A., Kowitlawakul, Y., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2020). Developing A Strategic Model of Participation in Policy Development for Nurses. International Nursing Review, 67(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12571
Ayuningtyas, D. (2020). Manajemen Strategis Organisasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Konsep dan Langkah Praktis. Depok: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada
Barasteh, S., Rassouli, M., Karimirad, M. R., & Ebadi, A. (2018). Future Challenges of Nursing in Health System of Iran. Research Square, 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-141863/v1
Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. R. (2017). Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, & Management. St. Louis: Elsevier, Inc
Cho, S. H., Lee, J. Y., You, S. J., Song, K. J., & Hong, K. J. (2020). Nurse Staffing, Nurses Prioritization, Missed Care, Quality of Nursing Care, and Nurse Outcomes. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12803
Cupit, T., Stout-Aguilar, J., Cannon, L., & Norton, J. (2019). Assessing the Nurse Manager’s Span of Control: A Partnership Between Executive Leadership, Nurse Scientists and Clinicians. Nurse Leader, 17(2), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.12.004
Daws, K., McBrearty, K., & Bell, D. (2020). “If Somebody Just Showed Me Once How to Do Itâ€: How are Workplace Cultures and Practice Development Conceptualised and Operationalised for Early Career Nurses? Nurse Education Today, 85, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104267
Doherty, D. P., & Revell, S. M. H. (2020). Developing Nurse Leaders: Toward A Theory of Authentic Leadership Empowerment. Nursing Forum, 55(3), 416–424. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12446
Esfahani, P., Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Akbarisari, A. (2018). The Success of Strategic Planning in Health Care Organizations of Iran. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 31(6), 563–574. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHCQA-08-2017-0145
Fadli, R., Seta, A. B., Ilham, N., Nurcahayati, S., & Mulyani, S. (2020). Pelatihan Manajemen Waktu dalam Mewujudkan Produktivitas Kerja pada Tenaga Kesehatan RSU Bhakti Asih. BAKTIMAS : Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat, 2(2), 100–103. https://doi.org/10.32672/btm.v2i2.2132
Fuller, R., & Hansen, A. (2019). Navigating and Leading the Future of Nursing. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 43(3), 212–221. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000354
Gifford, W. A., Squires, J. E., Angus, D. E., Ashley, L. A., Brosseau, L., Craik, J. M., Domecq, M. C., Egan, M., Holyoke, P., Juergensen, L., Wallin, L., Wazni, L., & Graham, I. D. (2018). Managerial Leadership for Research Use in Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions: A Systematic Review. Implementation Science 13(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-018-0817-7
Grol, R., & Wensing, M. (2020). Planning and Organizing the Change Process. In Improving Patient Care. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Hariyati, R. T. S., Yetty, K., Afriani, T., & Handiyani, H. (2018). Manajemen Risiko Bagi Manajer Keperawatan Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu dan Keselamatan Pasien. Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada
Huber, D. L. (2018). Leadership and Nursing Care Management. Lowa: Elsevier, Inc
Hussain, S. T., Lei, S., Akram, T., Haider, M. J., Hussain, S. H., & Ali, M. (2018). Kurt Lewin’s Change Model: A Critical Review of the Role of Leadership and Employee Involvement in Organizational Change. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 3(3), 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.07.002
Kadir, A., Syahrul, S., & Fauzia, L. (2020). Problems Identification in Application of Management Functions in Management of Nursing Services: A Descriptive Study of A Zublic Hospital in South Sulawesi Province. Enfermeria Clinica, 30, 154–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.07.067
Komisi Akreditasi Rumah Sakit. (2018). Instrumen Survey Standar Nasional Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (SNARS) Edisi 1. Jakarta: KARS
Kossek, E. E., Rosokha, L. M., & Leana, C. (2020). Work Schedule Patching in Health Care: Exploring Implementation Approaches. Work and Occupations, 47(2), 228–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888419841101
Lehtonen, M. R., Roos, M., Kantanen, K., & Suominen, T. (2018). International Nursing: Nurse Managers’ Leadership and Management Competencies Assessed by Nursing Personnel in a Finnish Hospital. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 42(2), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000279
Levinson, A. T., & Levy, M. M. (2020). Protocols, Policies, and Procedures: Tools for Quality Improvement in Critical Care. In Critical Care Administration. New York: Springer, Cham
Ma, H., Chihava, T. N., Fu, J., Zhang, S., Lei, L., Tan, J., Lin, L., & Luo, Y. (2020). Competencies of Military Nurse Managers: A Scoping Review and Unifying Framework. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(6), 1166–1176. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13068
Majers, J. S., & Warshawsky, N. (2020). Evidence-Based Decision-Making for Nurse Leaders. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 471–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.06.006
Marken-George, S. (2020). CNO Jitters Reduced With Support of the AONL New Nurse Executive Fellowship. Nurse Leader, 18(2), 139–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2019.12.004
Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2017). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application. In Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application. Wolters Kluwer. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006216-200407000-00013
Morse, V., & Warshawsky, N. E. (2021). Nurse Leader Competencies: Today and Tomorrow. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 45(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000453
Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Isfahani, P. (2018). The Challenges of Strategic Planning in Tehran Province Hospitals. Management Strategies in Health System, 3(3), 184–200. http://mshsj.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-210-fa.html
Neves, T. M. A., Parreira, P. M. S. D., Graveto, J. M. G. N., Freitas, M. J. B. dos S. de, & Rodrigues, V. J. L. (2020). Nurse Managers’ Perceptions of Nurse Staffing and Nursing Care Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(3), 625–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12966
Ofei, A. M. A., Paarima, Y., Barnes, T., & Kwashie, A. A. (2019). Stress and Coping Strategies Among Nurse Managers. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 10(2), 39. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n2p39
Robbins, S., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational Behavior (17th Ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Salmela, S., Koskinen, C., & Eriksson, K. (2017). Nurse Leaders As Managers of Ethically Sustainable Caring Cultures. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73(4), 871–882. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13184
Sanford, K., & Janney, M. (2019). Preparing the Nurse Executive of the Future. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(4), 171–173. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000732
Selig, B. (2020). Nurse Manager Interns: A Proactive Approach to Developing Leadership Talent and Solidifying Succession Planning. Nurse Leader, 18(6), 609–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.07.007
Susanti, S. S., Anggraini, D. D., Perangin-angin, M. A., Girsang, B. M., Ritonga, I. L., Tahulending, P. S., Rumerung, C. L., Sihombing, R. M., Delima, A. H., & Purba, D. H. (2020). Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Dalam Keperawatan. Medan: Yayasan Kita Menulis
Ulit, M. J., Eriksen, M., Warrier, S., Cardenas-Lopez, K., Cenzon, D., Leon, E., & Miller, J. A. (2020). Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in Supporting a Healthy Work Environment. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 31(1), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.4037/AACNACC2020968
Uzarski, D., & Broome, M. E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization’s Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(1), 12–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007
Warshawsky, N., & Cramer, E. (2019). Describing Nurse Manager Role Preparation and Competency: Findings from a National Study. Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(5), 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000746
Warshawsky, N. E., Caramanica, L., & Cramer, E. (2020). Organizational Support for Nurse Manager Role Transition and Onboarding: Strategies for Success. Journal of Nursing Administration, 50(5), 254–260. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000880
Waxman, K. T., Roussel, L., Herrin-Griffith, D., & D’Alfonso, J. (2017). The AONE Nurse Executive Competencies: 12 Years Later. Nurse Leader, 15(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2016.11.012
Wei, H., Roberts, P., Strickler, J., & Corbett, R. W. (2019). Nurse Leaders’ Strategies to Foster Nurse Resilience. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 681–687. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12736
Wichaikhum, O., Abhicharttibutra, K., Nantsupawat, A., Kowitlawakul, Y., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2020). Developing A Strategic Model of Participation in Policy Development for Nurses. International Nursing Review, 67(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12571
