Persepsi Perawat tentang Peran dalam Meningkatkan Keselamatan Pasien
Abstract
This study explores the perceptions of nurses on the role in improving patient safety at the Deli Medan General Hospital. This research is qualitative research using the method of Focus Group Discussion (FGD). This study's results reveal four themes related to the nurse's perception of the role in carrying outpatients at the Deli Medan General Hospital. In conclusion, there are four themes of nurses' perceptions about the role in implementing patient safety, namely: 1) events that almost cause harm to patients; 2) role in improving patient safety; 3) supporting factors for the implementation of roles in improving patient safety; 4) factors inhibiting the implementation of the role in improving patient safety.
Keywords: Patient Safety, Role, Nurse Perception
References
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Alshammari, M., Duff, J., & Guilhermino, M. (2019). Barriers to Nurse-Patient Communication in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Review. BMC Nursing, 18(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0385-4
Andersson, F., & Hjelm, K. (2017). Patient Safety in Nursing Homes in Sweden: Nurses’ Views on Safety and Their Role. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy, 22(4), 204–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1355819617691070
Boamah, S. (2018). Linking Nurses’ Clinical Leadership to Patient Care Quality: The Role of Transformational Leadership and Workplace Empowerment. The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research = Revue Canadienne de Recherche En Sciences Infirmieres, 50(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0844562117732490
Burgener, A. M. (2020). Enhancing Communication to Improve Patient Safety and to Increase Patient Satisfaction. Health Care Manager, 39(3), 128–132. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000298
Carlesi, K. C., Padilha, K. G., Toffoletto, M. C., Henriquez-Roldán, C., & Juan, M. A. C. (2017). Ocorrência de Incidentes de Segurança do Paciente e Carga de Trabalho de Enfermagem. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 25. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1280.2841
Carter, E. J., Greendyke, W. G., Furuya, E. Y., Srinivasan, A., Shelley, A. N., Bothra, A., Saiman, L., & Larson, E. L. (2018). Exploring the Nurses’ Role in Antibiotic Stewardship: A Multisite Qualitative Study of Nurses and Infection Preventionists. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(5), 492–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.12.016
Carthon, J. M. B., Hatfield, L., Plover, C., Dierkes, A., Davis, L., Hedgeland, T., Sanders, A. M., Visco, F., Holland, S., Ballinghoff, J., Del Guidice, M., & Aiken, L. H. (2019). Association of Nurse Engagement and Nurse Staffing on Patient Safety. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 34(1), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000334
Chua, G., Lee, K., Peralta, G., & Lim, J. (2019). Medication Safety: A Need to Relook at Double-Checking Medicines? Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(3), 246–252. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_2_19
Donaldson, L. J., Kelley, E. T., Dhingra-Kumar, N., Kieny, M. P., & Sheikh, A. (2017). Medication Without Harm: WHO’s Third Global Patient Safety Challenge. The Lancet, 389(10080), 1680–1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31047-4
Eriksson, I., Lindblad, M., Möller, U., & Gillsjö, C. (2018). Holistic Health Care: Patients’ Experiences of Health Care Provided by an Advanced Practice Nurse. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 24(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12603
Fatonah, S., & Yustiawan, T. (2020). Supervisi Kepala Ruangan Dalam Menigkatkan Budaya Keselamatan Pasien. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 4(1), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v4i1.1408
Gutierres, L. De S., Santos, J. L. G. Dos, Peiter, C. C., Menegon, F. H. A., Sebold, L. F., & Erdmann, A. L. (2018). Good Practices for Patient Safety in The Operating Room: Nurses’ Recommendations. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 71(1), 2775–2782. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0449
Hwang, J. I., Kim, S. W., & Chin, H. J. (2019). Patient Participation in Patient Safety and Its Relationships with Nurses’ Patient-Centered Care Competency, Teamwork, and Safety Climate. Asian Nursing Research, 13(2), 130–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.03.001
Im, S., & Park, M. J. (2018). The Effects of Patient Safety Culture Perception and Organizational Commitment on Patient Safety Management Activities in General Hospital Nurses.Journal of Digital Convergence, 16(6), 259–270. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201819757620266.page
Jang, H.-E., Song, Y., & Kang, H.-Y. (2017). Nurses’ Perception of Patient Safety Culture and Safety Control in Patient Safety Management Activities. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 23(4), 450. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.4.450
Jang, H., & Lee, N. J. (2017). Patient Safety Competency and Educational Needs of Nursing Educators in South Korea. PLoS ONE, 12(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183536
Juvé-Udina, M. E., González-Samartino, M., López-Jiménez, M. M., Planas-Canals, M., RodrÃguez-Fernández, H., Batuecas Duelt, I. J., Tapia-Pérez, M., Pons Prats, M., Jiménez-MartÃnez, E., Barberà Llorca, M. À., Asensio-Flores, S., Berbis-Morelló, C., Zuriguel-Pérez, E., Delgado-Hito, P., Rey Luque, Ó., Zabalegui, A., Fabrellas, N., & Adamuz, J. (2020). Acuity, Nurse Staffing and Workforce, Missed Care and Patient Outcomes: A Cluster-Unit-Level Descriptive Comparison. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(8), 2216–2229. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13040
Kalaitzidis, E., & Jewell, P. (2020). The Concept of Advocacy in Nursing: A Critical Analysis. The Health Care Manager, 39(2), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000292
Kennedy, G., & Kennedy, F. (2018). Surgical Agency. Kennedys’ Simulations for Negotiation Training, 25(1), 157–163. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315251127-16
Khater, W. A., Akhu-Zaheya, L. M., Al-Mahasneh, S. I., & Khater, R. (2015). Nurses’ Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture in Jordanian hospitals. International Nursing Review, 62(1), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12155
Koyama, A. K., Maddox, C. S. S., Li, L., Bucknall, T., Bucknall, T., & Westbrook, J. I. (2020). Effectiveness of Double Checking to Reduce Medication Administration Errors: A Systematic Review. BMJ Quality and Safety, 29(7), 595–603. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009552
Lee, C. T. S., & Doran, D. M. (2017). The Role of Interpersonal Relations in Healthcare Team Communication and Patient Safety: A Proposed Model of Interpersonal Process in Teamwork. The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research = Revue Canadienne de Recherche En Sciences Infirmieres, 49(2), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0844562117699349
Lyphout, C., Bergs, J., Stockman, W., Deschilder, K., Duchatelet, C., Desruelles, D., & Bronselaer, K. (2018). Patient Safety Incidents During Interhospital Transport of Patients: A Prospective Analysis. International Emergency Nursing, 36(July), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2017.07.008
Ma, C., Park, S. H., & Shang, J. (2018). Inter- and Intra-Disciplinary Collaboration and Patient Safety Outcomes in U.S. Acute Care Hospital Units: A Cross-Sectional Study.International Journal of Nursing Studies, 85(April), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.05.001
Mandriani, E., Hardisman, H., & Yetti, H. (2019). Analisis Dimensi Budaya Keselamatan Pasien Oleh Petugas Kesehatan di RSUD dr Rasidin Padang Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 8(1), 131. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8i1.981
Monsees, E., Goldman, J., & Popejoy, L. (2017). Staff Nurses as Antimicrobial Stewards: An Integrative Literature Review. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(8), 917–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.009
Neri, R. A., Lestari, Y., & Yetti, H. (2018). Analisis Pelaksanaan Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien Di Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Padang Pariaman. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 7, 48. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i0.921
Pattabi, A., Kunjukunju, A., & Hassan, H. (2018). Effective Communication Between Nurses and Doctors: Barriers as Perceived by Nurses. Journal of Nursing & Care, 7(3), 2-6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1168.1000455
Pedersen, A. H. M., Rasmussen, K., Grytnes, R., & Nielsen, K. J. (2018). Collaboration and Patient Safety at an Emergency Department – a Qualitative Case Study. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 32(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-09-2016-0174
Reis, G. A. X. dos, Hayakawa, L. Y., Murassaki, A. C. Y., Matsuda, L. M., Gabriel, C. S., & Oliveira, M. L. F. De. (2017). Nurse Manager Perceptions of Patient Safety Strategy Implementation TT - Implantacion de Las Estrategias de Seguridad Del Paciente: Percepciones de Enfermeros Gestores TT - Implantação Das Estratégias de Segurança do Paciente: Percepções de Enfermeiros . Texto & Contexto Enferm, 26(2), e00340016–e00340016. http://www.revenf.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-07072017000200321
Rosa, E. M., & Sari, K. N. (2018). Implementasi Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi (Kie) Pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Temanggung. Berdikari: Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks, 6(2), 227–231. https://doi.org/10.18196/bdr.6249
Sharp, L., Rannus, K., Olofsson, A., Kelly, D., & Oldenmenger, W. H. (2019). Patient Safety Culture Among European Cancer Nurses—An Exploratory, Cross-Sectional Survey Comparing Data From Estonia, Germany, Netherlands, and United Kingdom. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(12), 3535–3543. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14177
Stovall, M., Hansen, L., & van Ryn, M. (2020). A Critical Review: Moral Injury in Nurses in the Aftermath of a Patient Safety Incident. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52(3), 320–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12551
Tobiano, G., Bucknall, T., Sladdin, I., Whitty, J. A., & Chaboyer, W. (2018). Patient Participation in Nursing Bedside Handover: A Systematic Mixed-Methods Review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 77, 243–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.014
Udod, S. A., Duchscher, J. B., Goodridge, D., Rotter, T., McGrath, P., & Hewitt, A. D. (2020). Nurse Managers Implementing the Lean Management System: A Qualitative Study in Western Canada. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(2), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12898
World Health Organization. (2017). Patient Safety: Making Health Care Safer. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/255507
World Health Organization. (2020). Health Worker Safety: A Priority for Patient Safety. https://www.who.int/campaigns/world-patient-safety-day/2020
Alshammari, M., Duff, J., & Guilhermino, M. (2019). Barriers to Nurse-Patient Communication in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Review. BMC Nursing, 18(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0385-4
Andersson, F., & Hjelm, K. (2017). Patient Safety in Nursing Homes in Sweden: Nurses’ Views on Safety and Their Role. Journal of Health Services Research and Policy, 22(4), 204–210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1355819617691070
Boamah, S. (2018). Linking Nurses’ Clinical Leadership to Patient Care Quality: The Role of Transformational Leadership and Workplace Empowerment. The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research = Revue Canadienne de Recherche En Sciences Infirmieres, 50(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0844562117732490
Burgener, A. M. (2020). Enhancing Communication to Improve Patient Safety and to Increase Patient Satisfaction. Health Care Manager, 39(3), 128–132. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000298
Carlesi, K. C., Padilha, K. G., Toffoletto, M. C., Henriquez-Roldán, C., & Juan, M. A. C. (2017). Ocorrência de Incidentes de Segurança do Paciente e Carga de Trabalho de Enfermagem. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 25. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1280.2841
Carter, E. J., Greendyke, W. G., Furuya, E. Y., Srinivasan, A., Shelley, A. N., Bothra, A., Saiman, L., & Larson, E. L. (2018). Exploring the Nurses’ Role in Antibiotic Stewardship: A Multisite Qualitative Study of Nurses and Infection Preventionists. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(5), 492–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.12.016
Carthon, J. M. B., Hatfield, L., Plover, C., Dierkes, A., Davis, L., Hedgeland, T., Sanders, A. M., Visco, F., Holland, S., Ballinghoff, J., Del Guidice, M., & Aiken, L. H. (2019). Association of Nurse Engagement and Nurse Staffing on Patient Safety. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 34(1), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000334
Chua, G., Lee, K., Peralta, G., & Lim, J. (2019). Medication Safety: A Need to Relook at Double-Checking Medicines? Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(3), 246–252. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon_2_19
Donaldson, L. J., Kelley, E. T., Dhingra-Kumar, N., Kieny, M. P., & Sheikh, A. (2017). Medication Without Harm: WHO’s Third Global Patient Safety Challenge. The Lancet, 389(10080), 1680–1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31047-4
Eriksson, I., Lindblad, M., Möller, U., & Gillsjö, C. (2018). Holistic Health Care: Patients’ Experiences of Health Care Provided by an Advanced Practice Nurse. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 24(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12603
Fatonah, S., & Yustiawan, T. (2020). Supervisi Kepala Ruangan Dalam Menigkatkan Budaya Keselamatan Pasien. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari, 4(1), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.31539/jks.v4i1.1408
Gutierres, L. De S., Santos, J. L. G. Dos, Peiter, C. C., Menegon, F. H. A., Sebold, L. F., & Erdmann, A. L. (2018). Good Practices for Patient Safety in The Operating Room: Nurses’ Recommendations. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 71(1), 2775–2782. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0449
Hwang, J. I., Kim, S. W., & Chin, H. J. (2019). Patient Participation in Patient Safety and Its Relationships with Nurses’ Patient-Centered Care Competency, Teamwork, and Safety Climate. Asian Nursing Research, 13(2), 130–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.03.001
Im, S., & Park, M. J. (2018). The Effects of Patient Safety Culture Perception and Organizational Commitment on Patient Safety Management Activities in General Hospital Nurses.Journal of Digital Convergence, 16(6), 259–270. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201819757620266.page
Jang, H.-E., Song, Y., & Kang, H.-Y. (2017). Nurses’ Perception of Patient Safety Culture and Safety Control in Patient Safety Management Activities. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 23(4), 450. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.4.450
Jang, H., & Lee, N. J. (2017). Patient Safety Competency and Educational Needs of Nursing Educators in South Korea. PLoS ONE, 12(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183536
Juvé-Udina, M. E., González-Samartino, M., López-Jiménez, M. M., Planas-Canals, M., RodrÃguez-Fernández, H., Batuecas Duelt, I. J., Tapia-Pérez, M., Pons Prats, M., Jiménez-MartÃnez, E., Barberà Llorca, M. À., Asensio-Flores, S., Berbis-Morelló, C., Zuriguel-Pérez, E., Delgado-Hito, P., Rey Luque, Ó., Zabalegui, A., Fabrellas, N., & Adamuz, J. (2020). Acuity, Nurse Staffing and Workforce, Missed Care and Patient Outcomes: A Cluster-Unit-Level Descriptive Comparison. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(8), 2216–2229. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13040
Kalaitzidis, E., & Jewell, P. (2020). The Concept of Advocacy in Nursing: A Critical Analysis. The Health Care Manager, 39(2), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCM.0000000000000292
Kennedy, G., & Kennedy, F. (2018). Surgical Agency. Kennedys’ Simulations for Negotiation Training, 25(1), 157–163. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315251127-16
Khater, W. A., Akhu-Zaheya, L. M., Al-Mahasneh, S. I., & Khater, R. (2015). Nurses’ Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture in Jordanian hospitals. International Nursing Review, 62(1), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12155
Koyama, A. K., Maddox, C. S. S., Li, L., Bucknall, T., Bucknall, T., & Westbrook, J. I. (2020). Effectiveness of Double Checking to Reduce Medication Administration Errors: A Systematic Review. BMJ Quality and Safety, 29(7), 595–603. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009552
Lee, C. T. S., & Doran, D. M. (2017). The Role of Interpersonal Relations in Healthcare Team Communication and Patient Safety: A Proposed Model of Interpersonal Process in Teamwork. The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research = Revue Canadienne de Recherche En Sciences Infirmieres, 49(2), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0844562117699349
Lyphout, C., Bergs, J., Stockman, W., Deschilder, K., Duchatelet, C., Desruelles, D., & Bronselaer, K. (2018). Patient Safety Incidents During Interhospital Transport of Patients: A Prospective Analysis. International Emergency Nursing, 36(July), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2017.07.008
Ma, C., Park, S. H., & Shang, J. (2018). Inter- and Intra-Disciplinary Collaboration and Patient Safety Outcomes in U.S. Acute Care Hospital Units: A Cross-Sectional Study.International Journal of Nursing Studies, 85(April), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.05.001
Mandriani, E., Hardisman, H., & Yetti, H. (2019). Analisis Dimensi Budaya Keselamatan Pasien Oleh Petugas Kesehatan di RSUD dr Rasidin Padang Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 8(1), 131. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8i1.981
Monsees, E., Goldman, J., & Popejoy, L. (2017). Staff Nurses as Antimicrobial Stewards: An Integrative Literature Review. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(8), 917–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.009
Neri, R. A., Lestari, Y., & Yetti, H. (2018). Analisis Pelaksanaan Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien Di Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Padang Pariaman. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 7, 48. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i0.921
Pattabi, A., Kunjukunju, A., & Hassan, H. (2018). Effective Communication Between Nurses and Doctors: Barriers as Perceived by Nurses. Journal of Nursing & Care, 7(3), 2-6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1168.1000455
Pedersen, A. H. M., Rasmussen, K., Grytnes, R., & Nielsen, K. J. (2018). Collaboration and Patient Safety at an Emergency Department – a Qualitative Case Study. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 32(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-09-2016-0174
Reis, G. A. X. dos, Hayakawa, L. Y., Murassaki, A. C. Y., Matsuda, L. M., Gabriel, C. S., & Oliveira, M. L. F. De. (2017). Nurse Manager Perceptions of Patient Safety Strategy Implementation TT - Implantacion de Las Estrategias de Seguridad Del Paciente: Percepciones de Enfermeros Gestores TT - Implantação Das Estratégias de Segurança do Paciente: Percepções de Enfermeiros . Texto & Contexto Enferm, 26(2), e00340016–e00340016. http://www.revenf.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-07072017000200321
Rosa, E. M., & Sari, K. N. (2018). Implementasi Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi (Kie) Pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Temanggung. Berdikari: Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks, 6(2), 227–231. https://doi.org/10.18196/bdr.6249
Sharp, L., Rannus, K., Olofsson, A., Kelly, D., & Oldenmenger, W. H. (2019). Patient Safety Culture Among European Cancer Nurses—An Exploratory, Cross-Sectional Survey Comparing Data From Estonia, Germany, Netherlands, and United Kingdom. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(12), 3535–3543. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14177
Stovall, M., Hansen, L., & van Ryn, M. (2020). A Critical Review: Moral Injury in Nurses in the Aftermath of a Patient Safety Incident. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52(3), 320–328. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12551
Tobiano, G., Bucknall, T., Sladdin, I., Whitty, J. A., & Chaboyer, W. (2018). Patient Participation in Nursing Bedside Handover: A Systematic Mixed-Methods Review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 77, 243–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.014
Udod, S. A., Duchscher, J. B., Goodridge, D., Rotter, T., McGrath, P., & Hewitt, A. D. (2020). Nurse Managers Implementing the Lean Management System: A Qualitative Study in Western Canada. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(2), 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12898
World Health Organization. (2017). Patient Safety: Making Health Care Safer. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/255507
World Health Organization. (2020). Health Worker Safety: A Priority for Patient Safety. https://www.who.int/campaigns/world-patient-safety-day/2020
