Determinan Risiko Terjadinya Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah
Abstract
This study aims to prove the risk factors for the mother, fetus and the environment on low birth weight babies (LBW). The research method used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 1,489 LBW infants. The data analyzed were secondary data taken from the medical records of mothers who gave birth to live babies from January 2015 to December 2017. Data analysis used the chi-square test followed by logistic regression with the backward method. The results showed that what was proven to affect the incidence of LBW was the age of pregnant women at risk (OR: 1.382 CI: 1.052–1.815), gestational age (OR: 2.097; CI: 1.668–2.637), mother's occupation (OR: 0.347; CI: 0.276 –0.436), pregnancy complications (OR: 4,407; CI: 3,344–5,809), and sex of the baby (OR: 0.742; CI: 0.607–0.956). The cause of LBW was dominated by pregnancy complications (p=0.000) and gestational age (p=0.022). In conclusion, the risk factors for pregnancy with complications and gestational age are the most influential risk factors for low birth weight babies.
Keywords: LBW, Pregnancy, Complications
References
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Wangdi, P., Tenzin, K., Gyamtsho, S., Tshomo, U., & Bhutia, P. C. (2020). Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Term Low Birth Weight in Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 15(2), 56–61. https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/njog/article/view/32906
Wati, S., & Adi, S. (2020). Gambaran Kematian Neonatal Berdasarkan Karakteristik Ibu di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas, 5(2), 82–87. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jekk/article/view/6430
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Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. (2019). Laporan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Riskesdas 2018. www.litbang.kemkes.go.id
Desta, S. A., Damte, A., & Hailu, T. (2020). Maternal Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight in Public Hospitals of Mekelle City, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 46(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-020-00890-9
Faiqah, S., Ristrini, R., & Irmayani, I. (2019). Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin dan Berat Badan Lahir dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Balita di Indonesia. Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan, 21(4), 281–289. https://doi.org/10.22435/hsr.v21i4.260
Ghouse, G., & Zaid, M. (2018). Determinants of Low Birth Weight a Cross Sectional Study: In Case of Pakistan. Munich Personal Repec Archive, 1–26. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/70660/1/MPRA_paper_70660.pdf
Herliana, L., & Purnama, M. (2019). Masalah Plasenta serta Kehamilan Multiple terhadap Kejadian BBLR di RSUD Kota Tasikmalaya. Media Informasi, 15(1), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.37160/bmi.v15i1.240
Hestiyana, N., & Razy, F. (2019). Korelasi Hipertensi pada Persalinan dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di RSUD DR. H. Moch Anshari Saleh Banjarmasin. Proceeding of Sari Mulia University Midwifery National Seminars, 1(1), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.33859/psmumns.v0i1.40
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Laporan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.Pdf
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2019). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2019. https://pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/profil-kesehatan-indonesia/Profil-Kesehatan-indonesia-2019.pdf
Louangpradith, V., Yamamoto, E., Inthaphatha, S., Phoummalaysith, B., Kariya, T., Saw, Y. M., & Hamajima, N. (2020). Trends and Risk Factors for Infant Mortality in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78819-9
Novitasari, A., Hutami, M. S., & Pristya, T. Y. R. (2020). Pencegahan dan Pengendalian BBLR di Indonesia: Systematic Review. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2(3), 175–182. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD013574
Nur, F. (2018). Risiko Paparan Asap Rokok, Ketuban Pecah Dini dan Plasenta Ringan terhadap BBLR. Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako, 4(3), 73–78. https://doi.org/doi: https://doi.org/10.22487/htj.V4i3.83
Pawar, A., & Kumar, D. (2017). Maternal Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight: A Case Control Study in Rural Kerala. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 4(10), 3793-3795. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.Ijcmph20174252
Permana, P., & Wijaya, G. B. R. (2019). Analisis Faktor Risiko Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di Unit Pelayanan Terpadu (UPT) Kesehatan Masyarakat (Kesmas) Gianyar I Tahun 2016-2017. Intisari Sains Medis, 10(3), 674–678. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.V10i3.481
Ratnam, S. (2021). Annals of Community Medicine & Public Health Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Term Low Birth Weight Infants : A Case-Control Study. 1(1), 1-9. http://www.remedypublications.com/open-access/maternal-risk-factors-associated-with-term-low-birth-weight-infants-6596.pdf
Rohmawati, N., & Fibriana, A. I. (2018). Ketuban Pecah Dini di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ungaran. Journal. Unnes.ac.id, 2(1), 23–32. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/higeia/article/view/17937
Setiati, A. R., & Rahayu, S. (2017). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian BBLR (Berat Badan Lahir Rendah) di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Neonatus RSUD DR Moewardi di Surakarta. (JKG) Jurnal Keperawatan Global, 2(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.37341/jkg.v2i1.27
Siramaneerat, I., Agushybana, F., & Meebunmak, Y. (2018). Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight in Indonesia. The Open Public Health Journal, 11(1), 376–383. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874944501811010376
Sohibien, G. P. D., & Yuhan, R. J. (2019). Determinan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi & Komputasi Statistik, 11(1), 1–14. https://jurnal.stis.ac.id/index.php/jurnalasks/article/view/182
Tessema, Z. T., Tamirat, K. S., Teshale, A. B., & Tesema, G. A. (2021). Prevalence of Low Birth Weight and Its Associated Factor at Birth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Plos ONE, 16, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248417
Toressy, O., Asmin, E., & Kailola, N. E. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Kematian Neonatal di RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon Periode Januari 2017-April 2019. PAMERI: Pattimura Medical Review, 2(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.30598/pamerivol2issue1page13-25
Toru, T., & Anmut, W. (2020). Assessment of Low Birth Weight and Associated Factors among Neonates in Butajira General Hospital, South Ethiopia, Cross Sectional Study, 2019. International Journal of Pediatrics, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5841963
Wangdi, P., Tenzin, K., Gyamtsho, S., Tshomo, U., & Bhutia, P. C. (2020). Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Term Low Birth Weight in Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 15(2), 56–61. https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/njog/article/view/32906
Wati, S., & Adi, S. (2020). Gambaran Kematian Neonatal Berdasarkan Karakteristik Ibu di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas, 5(2), 82–87. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jekk/article/view/6430
Zahrah, S., Prasetyowati, P., & Yuliawati, Y. (2018). Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah Berdasarkan Paritas, Ketuban Pecah Dini dan Hipertensi. Jurnal Kesehatan Metro Sai Wawai, 11(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.26630/jkm.V11i1.1737
