Waktu Layar Gawai dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Anak
Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between screen time and anxiety levels in children in East Lansot Tareran Village, North Sulawesi Province. The method used is a cross-sectional design with the formula frequency, percentage and Spearman rho. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, with the total number of participants being 30 children. Data collection using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) questionnaire. The results showed that as many as 43.3% of the child participants used 4-6 hours of screen time on their devices and the children who experienced an overall increase in anxiety were 43.3%. The results of the Spearman's rho statistical test found that SCAS had a p-value of .046 with r = .367. Furthermore, the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) subscale analysis showed the value of p = .005 with r = .500. In conclusion, there is a significant weak relationship between screen time and anxiety levels and the higher screen time, the higher the child's anxiety level. Furthermore, there is a significant moderate relationship between screen time and OCD and the higher screen time, the higher the increase in OCD.
Keywords: Children, Anxiety, Screen Time
References
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Sujianti, S. (2018). Hubungan Lama dan Frekuensi Penggunaan Gadget dengan Perkembangan Sosial Anak Pra Sekolah di TK Islam Al Irsyad 01 Cilacap. Jurnal Kebidanan, 8(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.31983/JKB.V8I1.3735
Surono, R. N., & Lestari, Y. (2022). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ilmi Kota Banjarbaru. PADARINGAN (Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Antropologi), 4(1), 7–15. https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/padaringan/article/view/4685/3333
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between Screen Time and Lower Psychological Well-Being among Children and Adolescents: Evidence from a Population-Based Study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003
Utami, T. W., Astuti, Y. S., & PH, L. (2017). Hubungan Kecemasan dengan Depresi pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Keperawatan, 9(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.9.1.2017.1-5
Wahyuni, A. S., Siahaan, F. B., Arfa, M., Alona, I., & Nerdy, N. (2019). The Relationship between the Duration of Playing Gadget and Mental Emotional State of Elementary School Students. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 7(1), 148-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.037
West, S., Puszczynski, R., & Cohn, T. (2021). Exploring Recreational Screen Time and Social Anxiety in Adolescents. Pediatric Nursing, 47(3), 133-140. https://www.proquest.com/docview/2541928952
Widya, R. (2020). Dampak Negatif Kecanduan Gadget terhadap Perilaku Anak. Jurnal Abdi Ilmu, 13(1), 29–34. https://jurnal.pancabudi.ac.id/index.php/abdiilmu/article/view/888/839
World Health Organization. (2021). Adolescent Mental Health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Anxiety and Depression in Children: Get the Facts. https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/features/anxiety-depression-children.html
Dhende, T. R. (2019). The Impact of Using Gadgets on Children’s Psychology. International Journal of Applied Research, 5(8), 157–160. https://www.allresearchjournal.com/archives/2019/vol5issue8/PartC/5-5-32-647.pdf
Dunckley, V. L. (2022). Screentime Is Making Kids Moody, Crazy and Lazy: Six Ways Electronic Screen Time Makes Kids Angry, Depressed and Unmotivated. https://capebyronsteiner.nsw.edu.au/screentime-is-making-kids-moody-crazy-and-lazy/
Indra, C. M., Dundu, A. E., & Kairupan, B. H. R. (2019). Hubungan Kecanduan Internet dengan Depresi pada Pelajar Kelas XI di SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Jurnal Medik dan Rehabilitasi (JMR), 1(3), 1–10. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jmr/article/view/22511/22202
Joshi, A., & Hinkley, T. (2021). Too Much Time on Screens? Screen Time Effects and Guidelines for Children and Young People. Australian Institute of Family Studies. https://aifs.gov.au/cfca/2021/08/05/too-much-time-screens-screen-time-effects-and-guidelines-children-and-young-people
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika RI. (2017). Survey Penggunaan TIK serta Implikasinya terhadap Aspek Sosial Budaya Masyarakat. https://balitbangsdm.kominfo.go.id/publikasi_360_3_187
Khouja, J. N., Munafò, M. R., Tilling, K., Wiles, N. J., Joinson, C., Etchells, P. J., John, A., Hayes, F. M., Gage, S. H., & Cornish, R. P. (2019). Is Screen Time Associated with Anxiety or Depression in Young People? Results from a UK Birth Cohort. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6321-9
Lebrun-Harris, L. A., Ghandour, R. M., Kogan, M. D., & Warren, M. D. (2022). Five-Year Trends in US Children’s Health and Well-being, 2016-2020. JAMA Pediatrics, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.0056
Mishra, S. K., Srivastava, M., Tiwary, N. K., & Kumar, A. (2018). Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among Children in Rural and Suburban Areas of Eastern Uttar Pradesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 7(1), 21-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_248_17
Oktafia, D. P., Triana, N. Y., & Suryani, R. L. (2021). Durasi Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Interaksi Sosial pada Anak Usia Prasekolah: Literatur Review. Borneo Nursing Journal (BNJ), 4(1), 31–47. https://akperyarsismd.e-journal.id/BNJ/article/view/48/38
Pandya, A. K., & Lodha, P. (2021). Social Connectedness, Excessive Screen Time during COVID-19 and Mental Health: A Review of Current Evidence. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.684137
Purwanti, E., & Mashudah, M. (2020). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun. Azzahra: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 53-64. https://ejournal.staidarussalamlampung.ac.id/index.php/azzahra/article/view/230/286
Rachmat, I. F., Hartati, S., & Erdawati, E. (2021). Pengaruh Kecanduan Gawai terhadap Disregulasi Emosi Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Jendela Bunda Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon, 8(2), 32–45. https://e-journal.umc.ac.id/index.php/JJB/article/download/1726/1155/
Rahayu, N. S., Elan, E., & Mulyadi, S. (2021). Analisis Penggunaan Gadget pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal PAUD Agapedia, 5(2), 202–210. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpa.v5i2.40743
Setiadarma, D., & Dinata, I. M. K. (2020). Hubungan antara Smartphone Addiction dan Sustained Attention pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, 9(4), 101-105. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/70452/38412
Sujianti, S. (2018). Hubungan Lama dan Frekuensi Penggunaan Gadget dengan Perkembangan Sosial Anak Pra Sekolah di TK Islam Al Irsyad 01 Cilacap. Jurnal Kebidanan, 8(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.31983/JKB.V8I1.3735
Surono, R. N., & Lestari, Y. (2022). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Darul Ilmi Kota Banjarbaru. PADARINGAN (Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Antropologi), 4(1), 7–15. https://ppjp.ulm.ac.id/journals/index.php/padaringan/article/view/4685/3333
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between Screen Time and Lower Psychological Well-Being among Children and Adolescents: Evidence from a Population-Based Study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003
Utami, T. W., Astuti, Y. S., & PH, L. (2017). Hubungan Kecemasan dengan Depresi pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Keperawatan, 9(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.9.1.2017.1-5
Wahyuni, A. S., Siahaan, F. B., Arfa, M., Alona, I., & Nerdy, N. (2019). The Relationship between the Duration of Playing Gadget and Mental Emotional State of Elementary School Students. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 7(1), 148-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.037
West, S., Puszczynski, R., & Cohn, T. (2021). Exploring Recreational Screen Time and Social Anxiety in Adolescents. Pediatric Nursing, 47(3), 133-140. https://www.proquest.com/docview/2541928952
Widya, R. (2020). Dampak Negatif Kecanduan Gadget terhadap Perilaku Anak. Jurnal Abdi Ilmu, 13(1), 29–34. https://jurnal.pancabudi.ac.id/index.php/abdiilmu/article/view/888/839
World Health Organization. (2021). Adolescent Mental Health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health
