Psikoterapi Pemberdayaan: Berbagi Tiga Hal Baik untuk Mengatasi Burnout Perawat di Era COVID-19
Abstract
This study aims to identify problems and determine improvement strategies to overcome burnout nurses. The research method used is a case report to assess quality improvement with an 8-step approach to change starting from problems with observation and screening of burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), analysis using a fishbone approach, determining improvement strategies, implementing and program evaluation. The results showed that 55% of nurses experienced a decrease in self-esteem, but through the Empowerment Psychotherapy program: Three Good Things, which was carried out for two weeks, it was able to reduce the burnout level of nurses as assessed by the Mini Z burnout survey. In conclusion, Empowerment Psychotherapy: Three Good Things can overcome nurse burnout problems. It is recommended that the implementation of this program be carried out thoroughly in all work units.
Keywords: Burnout Management, Nurses, Empowerment Psychotherapy, Three Good Things
References
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Poortaghi, S., Shahmari, M., & Ghobadi, A. (2021). Exploring Nursing Managers’ Perceptions of Nursing Workforce Management during the Outbreak of COVID-19: A Content Analysis Study. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00546-x
Qureshi, S. M., Purdy, N., Mohani, A., & Neumann, W. P. (2019). Predicting the Effect of Nurse–Patient Ratio on Nurse Workload and Care Quality Using Discrete Event Simulation. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(5), 971–980. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12757
Rippstein-Leuenberger, K., Mauthner, O., Bryan Sexton, J., & Schwendimann, R. (2017). A Qualitative Analysis of the Three Good Things Intervention in Healthcare Workers. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015826
Rosa, W. E., Schlak, A. E., & Rushton, C. H. (2020). A Blueprint for Leadership during COVID-19. Nursing Management, 51(8), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000688940.29231.6f
Schlak, A. E., Aiken, L. H., Chittams, J., Poghosyan, L., & McHugh, M. (2021). Leveraging the Work Environment To Minimize the Negative Impact of Nurse Burnout on Patient Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020610
Sexton, J. B., & Adair, K. C. (2019). Forty-Five Good Things: A Prospective Pilot Study of the Three Good Things Well-Being Intervention in The USA for Healthcare Worker Emotional Exhaustion, Depression, Work–Life Balance And Happiness. BMJ Open, 9(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022695
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Shan, Y., Shang, J., Yan, Y., Lu, G., Hu, D., & Ye, X. (2021). Mental Workload of Frontline Nurses Aiding in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Latent Profile Analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, January, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14769
Tawfik, D. S., Scheid, A., Profit, J., Shanafelt, T., Trockel, M., Adair, K. C., Sexton, J. B., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2019). Evidence Relating Health Care Provider Burnout and Quality of Care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 171(8), 467-473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-1152
Tubbs-Cooley, H. L., Mara, C. A., Carle, A. C., Mark, B. A., & Pickler, R. H. (2019). Association of Nurse Workload with Missed Nursing Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.3619
Wang, X., Jiang, X., Huang, Q., Wang, H., Gurarie, D., Ndeffo-Mbah, M., Fan, F., Fu, P., Horn, M. A., Mondal, A., King, C., Xu, S., Zhao, H., & Bai, Y. (2020). Risk Factors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Study of A Nosocomial Outbreak. Sleep Medicine: X, 2(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2020.100028
White, E. M., Aiken, L. H., & McHugh, M. D. (2019). Registered Nurse Burnout, Job Dissatisfaction, and Missed Care in Nursing Homes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(10), 2065–2071. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16051
Cho, H., Han, K., & Ryu, E. (2021). Unit Work Environment, Psychological Empowerment and Support for Patient Activation Among Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(6), 1623–1630. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13307
Cross, K., Bradbury, A., Burnham, N., Corbett-Carbonneau, D., Peterson, K., Phelan, C., & DeSanto-Madeya, S. (2021). A Nurse Staffing Model for an Unprecedented Event. Nursing Management, 52(3), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000733632.80809.7d
Dall’Ora, C., Ball, J., Reinius, M., Griffiths, P., & Griffiths, P. (2020). Burnout in Nursing: A Theoretical Review. Human Resources for Health, 18(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00469-9
Danielis, M., Peressoni, L., Piani, T., Colaetta, T., Mesaglio, M., Mattiussi, E., & Palese, A. (2021). Nurses’ Experiences of Being Recruited and Transferred to A New Sub-Intensive Care Unit Devoted to COVID-19 Patients. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(5), 1149–1158. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13253
FaÃco-Filho, K. S., Carvalho, J. M. A., Conte, D. D., de Souza Luna, L. K., & Bellei, N. (2020). COVID-19 in Health Care Workers in a University Hospital During The Quarantine in São Paulo City. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 24(5), 462–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.08.003
Gao, X., Jiang, L., Hu, Y., Li, L., & Hou, L. (2020). Nurses’ Experiences Regarding Shift Patterns in Isolation Wards during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(21–22), 4270–4280. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15464
Griffiths, P., Saville, C., Ball, J., Jones, J., Pattison, N., & Monks, T. (2020). Nursing Workload, Nurse Staffing Methodologies and Tools: A Systematic Scoping Review and Discussion. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 103(1), 103–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103487
Grigorescu, S., Cazan, A. M., Rogozea, L., & Grigorescu, D. O. (2020). Original Targeted Therapy for the Management of the Burnout Syndrome in Nurses: An Innovative Approach and A New Opportunity in the Context of Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine. EPMA Journal, 11(2), 161–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13167-020-00201-6
Guo, Y., Lam, L., Plummer, V., Cross, W., & Zhang, J. (2020). A WeChatâ€based “Three Good Things†Positive Psychotherapy for the Improvement of Job Performance and Selfâ€Efficacy in Nurses with Burnout Symptoms: A Randomize Controlled Trial. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(3), 480–487. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12927
James-Scotter, M., Walker, C., & Jacobs, S. (2019). An Interprofessional Perspective on Job Satisfaction in the Operating Room: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 33(6), 782–794. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2019.1593118
Kelly, L. A., Gee, P. M., & Butler, R. J. (2021). Impact of Nurse Burnout on Organizational and Position Turnover. Nursing Outlook, 69(1), 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2020.06.008
Kelly, L. A., Lefton, C., & Fischer, S. A. (2019). Nurse Leader Burnout, Satisfaction, and Work-Life Balance. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(9), 404–410. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000784
Kelly, L. A., Weston, M. J., & Gee, P. M. (2021). A Nurse Leader’s Guide to Reducing Burnout. Nurse Leader, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2021.03.012
Kelly, R. J., & Hearld, L. R. (2020). Burnout and Leadership Style in Behavioral Health Care: a Literature Review. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-019-09679-z
Liu, Y., Wang, H., Chen, J., Zhang, X., Yue, X., Ke, J., Wang, B., & Peng, C. (2020). Emergency Management of Nursing Human Resources and Supplies to Respond to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7(2), 135–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.03.011
Luo, Y., Li, H., Plummer, V., Cross, W. M., Lam, L., Guo, Y., Yin, Y., & Zhang, J. (2019). An Evaluation of a Positive Psychological Intervention to Reduce Burnout among Nurses. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 33(6), 186–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2019.08.004
Marshall, A. P., Austin, D. E., Chamberlain, D., Chapple, L. anne S., Cree, M., Fetterplace, K., Foster, M., Freeman-Sanderson, A., Fyfe, R., Grealy, B. A., Hodak, A., Holley, A., Kruger, P., Kucharski, G., Pollock, W., Ridley, E., Stewart, P., Thomas, P., Torresi, K., & Williams, L. (2021). A Critical Care Pandemic Staffing Framework in Australia. Australian Critical Care, 34(2), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2020.08.007
Permarupan, Y. Y., Mamun, A. Al, Samy, N. K., Saufi, R. A., & Hayat, N. (2020). Predicting Nurses Burnout through Quality of Work Life and Psychological Empowerment: A Study Towards Sustainable Healthcare Services in Malaysia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010388
Poortaghi, S., Shahmari, M., & Ghobadi, A. (2021). Exploring Nursing Managers’ Perceptions of Nursing Workforce Management during the Outbreak of COVID-19: A Content Analysis Study. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00546-x
Qureshi, S. M., Purdy, N., Mohani, A., & Neumann, W. P. (2019). Predicting the Effect of Nurse–Patient Ratio on Nurse Workload and Care Quality Using Discrete Event Simulation. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(5), 971–980. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12757
Rippstein-Leuenberger, K., Mauthner, O., Bryan Sexton, J., & Schwendimann, R. (2017). A Qualitative Analysis of the Three Good Things Intervention in Healthcare Workers. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015826
Rosa, W. E., Schlak, A. E., & Rushton, C. H. (2020). A Blueprint for Leadership during COVID-19. Nursing Management, 51(8), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000688940.29231.6f
Schlak, A. E., Aiken, L. H., Chittams, J., Poghosyan, L., & McHugh, M. (2021). Leveraging the Work Environment To Minimize the Negative Impact of Nurse Burnout on Patient Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020610
Sexton, J. B., & Adair, K. C. (2019). Forty-Five Good Things: A Prospective Pilot Study of the Three Good Things Well-Being Intervention in The USA for Healthcare Worker Emotional Exhaustion, Depression, Work–Life Balance And Happiness. BMJ Open, 9(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022695
Shah, M. K., Gandrakota, N., Cimiotti, J. P., Ghose, N., Moore, M., & Ali, M. K. (2021). Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Nurse Burnout in the US. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36469
Shan, Y., Shang, J., Yan, Y., Lu, G., Hu, D., & Ye, X. (2021). Mental Workload of Frontline Nurses Aiding in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Latent Profile Analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, January, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14769
Tawfik, D. S., Scheid, A., Profit, J., Shanafelt, T., Trockel, M., Adair, K. C., Sexton, J. B., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2019). Evidence Relating Health Care Provider Burnout and Quality of Care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 171(8), 467-473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M19-1152
Tubbs-Cooley, H. L., Mara, C. A., Carle, A. C., Mark, B. A., & Pickler, R. H. (2019). Association of Nurse Workload with Missed Nursing Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(1), 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.3619
Wang, X., Jiang, X., Huang, Q., Wang, H., Gurarie, D., Ndeffo-Mbah, M., Fan, F., Fu, P., Horn, M. A., Mondal, A., King, C., Xu, S., Zhao, H., & Bai, Y. (2020). Risk Factors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Study of A Nosocomial Outbreak. Sleep Medicine: X, 2(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleepx.2020.100028
White, E. M., Aiken, L. H., & McHugh, M. D. (2019). Registered Nurse Burnout, Job Dissatisfaction, and Missed Care in Nursing Homes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(10), 2065–2071. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16051
