Tindakan Pencegahan Efek Masker N95 yang Dilakukan Tenaga Kesehatan Selama Pandemi COVID-19
Abstract
This study aims to identify the actions of health workers in preventing the effects of N95 masks. The research method used is literature review through electronic databases and websites, namely Pubmed, Proquest, ScienceDirect and Wiley. The results showed that from 9 research articles, there were articles that reported that the use of bandages was effective in preventing injury and providing comfort, there were also articles that wrote no harm but caused discomfort and there were those who reported more pressure injuries with the use of bandages than those who did not use a dressing. In conclusion, preventive measures by using sanitary napkins when wearing an N95 mask can be applied, although further research is still needed to determine its effectiveness.
Keywords: Effect, N95 Mask, Pads, Action
References
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Atay, S., & Cura, Ş. Ü. (2020). Problems Encountered by Nurses Due to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment during the Coronavirus Pandemic: Results of a Survey. Index Wound Management & Prevention 2020, 66(10), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.25270/wmp.2020.10.1216
Bambi, S., Giusti, G. D., Galazzi, A., Mattiussi, E., Comisso, I., Manici, M., Rosati, M., & Lucchini, A. (2021). Pressure Injuries Due to Personal Protective Equipment in COVID-19 Critical Care Units. American Journal of Critical Care, 30(4), 287–293. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021178
Bartoszko, J. J., Abdul, M., Farooqi, M., Alhazzani, W., & Loeb, M. (2020). Medical Masks vs N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Influenza Other Respi Viruses, 14(4), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12745
Burki, T. (2020). The Origin of SARS-CoV-2. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(9), 1018–1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30641-1
Cabbarzade, C. (2020). A Practical Way to Prevent Nose and Cheek Damage Due to the Use of N95 Masks in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Aesthetic Surgery Journal, 40(10), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjaa167
Daye, M., Cihan, F. G., & Durduran, Y. (2020). Evaluation of Skin Problems and Dermatology Life Quality Index in Health Care Workers who Use Personal Protection Measures during COVID-19 Pandemic. Dermatologic Therapy, 33(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14346
Gasparino, R. C., Lima, M. H. M., Oliveira-Kumakura, A. R. de S., da Silva, V. A., Meszaros, M. de J., & Antunes, I. R. (2020). Prophylactic Dressings in the Prevention of Pressure Ulcer Related to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Health Professionals Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Randomized Clinical Trial. Wound Repair Regen, 29(1), 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12877
Gefen, A., & Ousey, K. (2020). Update to Device-Related Pressure Ulcers: Secure Prevention COVID-19 Face Masks and Skin Damage. Journal of Wound Care, 29(5), 245–259. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.5.245
Godoy, L. R. G, Jones, A. E., Anderson, T. N., Fisher, C. L., Seeley, K. M. L., Beeson, E. A., Zane, H. K., Peterson, J. W., & Sullivan, P. D. (2020). Facial Protection for Healthcare Workers during Pandemics: A Scoping Review. BMJ Global Health, 5(5), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002553
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Heider, C. A., Ãlvarez, M. L., Fuentes-López, E., González, C. A., León, N. I., Verástegui, D. C., BadÃa, P. I., & Napolitano, C. A. (2020). Prevalence of Voice Disorders in Healthcare Workers in the Universal Masking COVID-19 Era. Laryngoscope, 131(4), 1227-1233. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.29172
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Moore, Z., McEvoy, N. L., Avsar, P., Mcevoy, L., Curley, G., O’Connor, T., Budri, A., Nugent, L., Walsh, S., Bourke, F., Patton, D. (2021). Facial Pressure Injuries and the Covid‑19 Pandemic: Skin Protection Care to Enhance Staff Safety in an Acute Hospital Setting. Journal of Wound, 30(3), 162-170. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2021.30.3.162
Oliveira, M. S. de, Lobo, R. D., Detta, F. P., Vieira-Junior, J. M., Castro, T. L. de S., Zambelli, D. B., Cardoso, L. F., Borges, I. C., Tozetto-Mendoza, T. R., Costa, S. F., & Mendes-Correa, M. C. (2021). SARS-Cov-2 Seroprevalence and Risk Factors among Health Care Workers : Estimating the Risk of COVID-19 Dedicated Units. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(9), 1197-1199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2021.03.010
Pacis, M., Azor-Ocampo, A., Burnett, E., Tanasapphaisal, C., & Coleman, B. (2020). Prophylactic Dressings for Maintaining Skin Integrity of Healthcare Workers when Using N95 Respirators while Preventing Contamination Due to the Novel Coronavirus: A Quality Improvement Project. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 47(6), 551–557. https://doi.org/10.1097/WON.0000000000000713
Smart, H., Opinion, F. B., Darwich, I., Elnawasany, M. A., & Kodange, C. (2020). Preventing Facial Pressure Injury for Health Care Providers Adhering to COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment Requirements. Advances in Skin and Wound Care, 33(8), 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000669920.94084.c1
Yip, K. H., & Yip, Y. C. (2021). Use of Thin Silicone Dressings for Prolonged Use of Filtering Facepiece Respirators: Lessons from the Universal Community Testing Programme during the COVID-19. International Wound Journal, 2(10), 1111. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.13714
Yıldız, A., Karadag, A., Yıldız, A., & Çakar, V. (2020). Determination of the Effect of Prophylactic Dressing on the Prevention of Skin Injuries Associated with Personal Protective Equipments in Health Care Workers during Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Tissue Viability, 30(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtv.2020.10.005
Yuan, X., Xi, H., Le, Y., Xu, H., Wang, J., Meng, X., & Yang, Y. (2021). Online Survey on Healthcare Skin Reactions for Wearing Medical-Grade Protective Equipment Against COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China. PLoS ONE, 16(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250869
Zhou, N., Yang, L., Dong, L., Li, Y., An, X., Yang, J., Yang, L., Huang, C., & Tao, J. (2020). Prevention and Treatment of Skin Damage Caused by Personal Protective Equipment : Experience of the First-Line Clinicians Treating 2019-nCoV Infection. International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology, 13(10), 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1097/JD9.0000000000000085
Atay, S., & Cura, Ş. Ü. (2020). Problems Encountered by Nurses Due to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment during the Coronavirus Pandemic: Results of a Survey. Index Wound Management & Prevention 2020, 66(10), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.25270/wmp.2020.10.1216
Bambi, S., Giusti, G. D., Galazzi, A., Mattiussi, E., Comisso, I., Manici, M., Rosati, M., & Lucchini, A. (2021). Pressure Injuries Due to Personal Protective Equipment in COVID-19 Critical Care Units. American Journal of Critical Care, 30(4), 287–293. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021178
Bartoszko, J. J., Abdul, M., Farooqi, M., Alhazzani, W., & Loeb, M. (2020). Medical Masks vs N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Influenza Other Respi Viruses, 14(4), 365–373. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12745
Burki, T. (2020). The Origin of SARS-CoV-2. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(9), 1018–1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30641-1
Cabbarzade, C. (2020). A Practical Way to Prevent Nose and Cheek Damage Due to the Use of N95 Masks in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Aesthetic Surgery Journal, 40(10), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjaa167
Daye, M., Cihan, F. G., & Durduran, Y. (2020). Evaluation of Skin Problems and Dermatology Life Quality Index in Health Care Workers who Use Personal Protection Measures during COVID-19 Pandemic. Dermatologic Therapy, 33(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.14346
Gasparino, R. C., Lima, M. H. M., Oliveira-Kumakura, A. R. de S., da Silva, V. A., Meszaros, M. de J., & Antunes, I. R. (2020). Prophylactic Dressings in the Prevention of Pressure Ulcer Related to the Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Health Professionals Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Randomized Clinical Trial. Wound Repair Regen, 29(1), 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12877
Gefen, A., & Ousey, K. (2020). Update to Device-Related Pressure Ulcers: Secure Prevention COVID-19 Face Masks and Skin Damage. Journal of Wound Care, 29(5), 245–259. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.5.245
Godoy, L. R. G, Jones, A. E., Anderson, T. N., Fisher, C. L., Seeley, K. M. L., Beeson, E. A., Zane, H. K., Peterson, J. W., & Sullivan, P. D. (2020). Facial Protection for Healthcare Workers during Pandemics: A Scoping Review. BMJ Global Health, 5(5), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002553
Guschel, S., Chmiel, K., & Rosenstein, J. (2020). Use of Thin Dressings Under N95 Respirators: Exploring Their Effect on Quantitative Fit Testing Results to Guide Hospital Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Wound Management & Prevention, 66(11), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.25270/wmp.2020.11.1317
Heider, C. A., Ãlvarez, M. L., Fuentes-López, E., González, C. A., León, N. I., Verástegui, D. C., BadÃa, P. I., & Napolitano, C. A. (2020). Prevalence of Voice Disorders in Healthcare Workers in the Universal Masking COVID-19 Era. Laryngoscope, 131(4), 1227-1233. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.29172
Hu, K., Fan, J., Li, X., Gou, X., Li, X., & Zhou, X. (2020). The Adverse Skin Reactions of Health Care Workers Using Personal Protective Equipment for Covid-19. Medicine, 99(24), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000020603
Iannone, P., Castellini, G., Coclite, D., Napoletano, A., Fauci, J., Iacorossi, L., Angelo, D. D., Renzi, C., La, G., Mastroianni, C. M., & Gianola, S. (2020). The Need of Health Policy Perspective to Protect Healthcare Workers During Covid-19 Pandemic . A GRADE Rapid Review on the N95 Respirators Effectiveness. PLoS ONE 15(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234025
Jiang, Q., Song, S., Zhou, J., Liu, Y., Chen, A., Bai, Y., Wang, J., Jiang, Z., Zhang, Y., Liu, H., Hua, J., Guo, J., Han, Q., Tang, Y., & Xue, J. (2020). The Prevalence, Characteristics and Prevention Status of Skin Injury Caused by Personal Protective Equipment among Medical Staff in Fighting COVID-19: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study. Advances in Wound Care, 9(7), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1089/wound.2020.1212
Moore, Z., McEvoy, N. L., Avsar, P., Mcevoy, L., Curley, G., O’Connor, T., Budri, A., Nugent, L., Walsh, S., Bourke, F., Patton, D. (2021). Facial Pressure Injuries and the Covid‑19 Pandemic: Skin Protection Care to Enhance Staff Safety in an Acute Hospital Setting. Journal of Wound, 30(3), 162-170. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2021.30.3.162
Oliveira, M. S. de, Lobo, R. D., Detta, F. P., Vieira-Junior, J. M., Castro, T. L. de S., Zambelli, D. B., Cardoso, L. F., Borges, I. C., Tozetto-Mendoza, T. R., Costa, S. F., & Mendes-Correa, M. C. (2021). SARS-Cov-2 Seroprevalence and Risk Factors among Health Care Workers : Estimating the Risk of COVID-19 Dedicated Units. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(9), 1197-1199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2021.03.010
Pacis, M., Azor-Ocampo, A., Burnett, E., Tanasapphaisal, C., & Coleman, B. (2020). Prophylactic Dressings for Maintaining Skin Integrity of Healthcare Workers when Using N95 Respirators while Preventing Contamination Due to the Novel Coronavirus: A Quality Improvement Project. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 47(6), 551–557. https://doi.org/10.1097/WON.0000000000000713
Smart, H., Opinion, F. B., Darwich, I., Elnawasany, M. A., & Kodange, C. (2020). Preventing Facial Pressure Injury for Health Care Providers Adhering to COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment Requirements. Advances in Skin and Wound Care, 33(8), 418–427. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000669920.94084.c1
Yip, K. H., & Yip, Y. C. (2021). Use of Thin Silicone Dressings for Prolonged Use of Filtering Facepiece Respirators: Lessons from the Universal Community Testing Programme during the COVID-19. International Wound Journal, 2(10), 1111. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.13714
Yıldız, A., Karadag, A., Yıldız, A., & Çakar, V. (2020). Determination of the Effect of Prophylactic Dressing on the Prevention of Skin Injuries Associated with Personal Protective Equipments in Health Care Workers during Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Tissue Viability, 30(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtv.2020.10.005
Yuan, X., Xi, H., Le, Y., Xu, H., Wang, J., Meng, X., & Yang, Y. (2021). Online Survey on Healthcare Skin Reactions for Wearing Medical-Grade Protective Equipment Against COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China. PLoS ONE, 16(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250869
Zhou, N., Yang, L., Dong, L., Li, Y., An, X., Yang, J., Yang, L., Huang, C., & Tao, J. (2020). Prevention and Treatment of Skin Damage Caused by Personal Protective Equipment : Experience of the First-Line Clinicians Treating 2019-nCoV Infection. International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology, 13(10), 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1097/JD9.0000000000000085
