Efek Emotional Freedom Technique dan Deep Breathing Exercise terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan Pasien
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of Emotional Freedom Technique Therapy (EFT) and deep breathing exercises to reduce patient anxiety. The method used is a literature review of the Scopus, ScienceDirect, Proquest, Sage and Ebsco databases. The results showed that 14 articles proved that EFT therapy and deep breathing exercise reduced patient anxiety and were influential in combination with other relaxation therapies. In conclusion, EFT therapy and deep breathing exercises have a significant effect in reducing patient anxiety.
Keywords: Anxiety, Deep Breathing Exercise, EFT
References
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Czech, O., Wrzeciono, A., Rutkowska, A., Guzik, A., Kiper, P., & Rutkowski, S. (2021). Virtual Reality Interventions for Needle-Related Procedural Pain, Fear and Anxiety—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(15), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153248
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Engström, G., Hamrefors, V., Fedorowski, A., Persson, A., Johansson, M. E., Ostenfeld, E., Goncalves, I., Markstad, H., Johnson, L. S. B., Persson, M., Carlson, J., & Platonov, P. G. (2022). Cardiovagal Function Measured by the Deep Breathing Test: Relationships with Coronary Atherosclerosis. Journal of the American Heart Association, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.121.024053
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Lim, C. (2020). Comparison of the Effects of Joint Mobilization, Gym Ball Exercises, and Breathing Exercises on Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research, 9(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2020.9.1.25
Liu, C., He, J., Ding, C., Fan, X., Hwang, G. J., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Self-Oriented Learning Perfectionism and English Learning Burnout among EFL Learners Using Mobile Applications: The Mediating Roles of English Learning Anxiety and Grit. Learning and Individual Differences, 88, 102011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102011
Mayenti, F., & Sari, Y. (2020). Efektifitas Teknik Distraksi Musik Klasik Mozart untuk Mengurangi Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur. Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi, 9(1), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.36565/jab.v9i1.193
Mulfianda, R., Desreza, N., & Maulidya, R. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Nyeri Punggung Bawah (NPB) pada Karyawan di Kantor PLN Wilayah Aceh. Journal of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 7(1), 253–262. https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v7i1.1415
Navianti, D., Garini, A., & Karneli, K. (2018). The Reduction of Anxiety and Pain during Venous Blood Sampling Using Hypno-EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) Method. Public Health of Indonesia, 4(2), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.36685/phi.v4i2.154
Pardede, J. A., Hulu, D. E. S. P., & Sirait, A. (2021). Tingkat Kecemasan Menurun Setelah Diberikan Terapi Hipnotis Lima Jari pada Pasien Preoperatif. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(1), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Prihati, D. R., & Wirawati, M. K. (2021). Tingkat Nyeri Berhubungan dengan Kecemaan saat Perawatan Luka Diabetik. Jurnal Keperawatan,13(3), 675-682 https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v13i3.1354.
Rehn, C., & Parsia, D. R. B. (2019). Calmly: Quick Relief for Acute Anxiety Through Assisted Deep Breathing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Rokade, P. (2019). Treatment of Panic Attack and Anxiety by Natural Endogenous Hormones. Paripex-Indian Journal Of Research, 8(9), 74-75. http://www.worldwidejournals.org/index.php/paripex/article/view/253
Sahu, S., Mule, S., Katariya, S., Varghese, A., Prasad, C., & Zutshi, P. (2019). Mindfulness in Smart Way with SMRTI an Android Application. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(9), 1851-1855. https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i9/IRJET-V6I9288.pdf
Sasongko, H., Sukartini, T., Wahyuni, E. D., & Putra, M. M. (2019). The Effects of Combination of Range Motion and Deep Breathing Exercise on Pain in Post-Orthopedic Surgery Patients. Indonesian Journal of Medicine, 4(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.08
Seah, K. T. M., Rammanohar, J., Sutton, J., To, K., & Khan, W. S. (2021). The Effectiveness of Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibodies in the Management of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Medicine, 22(5), 1185–1204. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa441
Simorangkir, L., Sinurat, S., Simanullang, M. S. D., & Hasugian, R. O. (2021). The Relationship Between Social Support and Public Anxiety in Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Environment II Tangkahan Village, Medan Labuhan Subdistrict in 2021. Science Midwifery, 10(1), 242–248. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021178
Vural, P. I., Körpe, G., & Inangil, D. (2019). Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) to Reduce Exam Anxiety in Turkish Nursing Students. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Wells, R., & Miklencicova, R. (2021). Emotional Fatigue, Elevated Anxiety Symptoms, and Sustained Psychological Distress in Frontline Medical Staff and Nurses Working with COVID-19 Patients. Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management, 9(2), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.22381/pihrm9220214
Aloufi, M. A., Jarden, R. J., Gerdtz, M. F., & Kapp, S. (2021). Reducing Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Undergraduate Nursing Students: Systematic Review. Nurse Education Today, 102, 104877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104877
Asmawati, A., Ikhlasia, M., & Panduragan, S. L. (2020). The Effect of Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Therapy on the Anxiety of NAPZA (Narcotics, Psychotropic, and other Addictive Substances) Residents. Enfermeria Clinica, 30(5), 206–208. https://doi.org/10.18754/j.enfcli.2019.11.055
Chittaro, L., & Sioni, R. (2014). Evaluating Mobile Apps for Breathing Training: The Effectiveness of Visualization. Computers in Human Behavior, 40, 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.07.049
Church, D., & House, D. (2018). Borrowing Benefits: Group Treatment with Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques is Associated with Simultaneous Reductions in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 23, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587218756510
Clond, M. (2016). Emotional Freedom Techniques for Anxiety: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 204(5), 388–395. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000483
Czech, O., Wrzeciono, A., Rutkowska, A., Guzik, A., Kiper, P., & Rutkowski, S. (2021). Virtual Reality Interventions for Needle-Related Procedural Pain, Fear and Anxiety—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(15), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153248
Eiken, A. G., Nordanger, D. Ø., Nes, L. S., & Varsi, C. (2022). Patients’ Experiences of Using an eHealth Pain Management Intervention Combined with Psychomotor Physiotherapy: Qualitative Study. JMIR Formative Research, 6(3), 1-14. https://doi:10.2196/34458
Ejehi, F., Mohammadpour, R., Asadian, E., Sasanpour, P., Fardindoost, S., & Akhavan, O. (2020). Graphene Oxide Papers in Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Humidity Sensing by Finger Tapping. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64490-7
Engström, G., Hamrefors, V., Fedorowski, A., Persson, A., Johansson, M. E., Ostenfeld, E., Goncalves, I., Markstad, H., Johnson, L. S. B., Persson, M., Carlson, J., & Platonov, P. G. (2022). Cardiovagal Function Measured by the Deep Breathing Test: Relationships with Coronary Atherosclerosis. Journal of the American Heart Association, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.121.024053
Gaesser, A. H., & Karan, O. C. (2017). A Randomized Controlled Comparison of Emotional Freedom Technique and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to Reduce Adolescent Anxiety: A Pilot Study. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 23(2), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2015.0316
Hsu, J. L., & Goldsmith, G. R. (2021). Instructor Strategies to Alleviate Stress and Anxiety among College and University STEM Students. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-08-0189
Jacob, S. R., & Stegbauer, C. (2019). Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP). Tennessee Nurse/Tennessee Nurses Association, 71(1), 8–9. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021178
Kalla, M., Simmons, M., Robinson, A., & Stapleton, P. (2020). Making Sense of Chronic Disease Using Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT): An Existential View of Illness. Explore, 16(4), 214–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2020.03.006
Lee, B. K. (2019). Effects of the Combined PNF and Deep Breathing Exercises on the ROM and the VAS Score of a Frozen Shoulder Patient: Single Case Study. JER: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 11(5), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.150229
Lim, C. (2020). Comparison of the Effects of Joint Mobilization, Gym Ball Exercises, and Breathing Exercises on Flexion Relaxation Phenomenon and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research, 9(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2020.9.1.25
Liu, C., He, J., Ding, C., Fan, X., Hwang, G. J., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Self-Oriented Learning Perfectionism and English Learning Burnout among EFL Learners Using Mobile Applications: The Mediating Roles of English Learning Anxiety and Grit. Learning and Individual Differences, 88, 102011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102011
Mayenti, F., & Sari, Y. (2020). Efektifitas Teknik Distraksi Musik Klasik Mozart untuk Mengurangi Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi Fraktur. Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi, 9(1), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.36565/jab.v9i1.193
Mulfianda, R., Desreza, N., & Maulidya, R. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Nyeri Punggung Bawah (NPB) pada Karyawan di Kantor PLN Wilayah Aceh. Journal of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 7(1), 253–262. https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v7i1.1415
Navianti, D., Garini, A., & Karneli, K. (2018). The Reduction of Anxiety and Pain during Venous Blood Sampling Using Hypno-EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques) Method. Public Health of Indonesia, 4(2), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.36685/phi.v4i2.154
Pardede, J. A., Hulu, D. E. S. P., & Sirait, A. (2021). Tingkat Kecemasan Menurun Setelah Diberikan Terapi Hipnotis Lima Jari pada Pasien Preoperatif. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(1), 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Prihati, D. R., & Wirawati, M. K. (2021). Tingkat Nyeri Berhubungan dengan Kecemaan saat Perawatan Luka Diabetik. Jurnal Keperawatan,13(3), 675-682 https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v13i3.1354.
Rehn, C., & Parsia, D. R. B. (2019). Calmly: Quick Relief for Acute Anxiety Through Assisted Deep Breathing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Rokade, P. (2019). Treatment of Panic Attack and Anxiety by Natural Endogenous Hormones. Paripex-Indian Journal Of Research, 8(9), 74-75. http://www.worldwidejournals.org/index.php/paripex/article/view/253
Sahu, S., Mule, S., Katariya, S., Varghese, A., Prasad, C., & Zutshi, P. (2019). Mindfulness in Smart Way with SMRTI an Android Application. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(9), 1851-1855. https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i9/IRJET-V6I9288.pdf
Sasongko, H., Sukartini, T., Wahyuni, E. D., & Putra, M. M. (2019). The Effects of Combination of Range Motion and Deep Breathing Exercise on Pain in Post-Orthopedic Surgery Patients. Indonesian Journal of Medicine, 4(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.01.08
Seah, K. T. M., Rammanohar, J., Sutton, J., To, K., & Khan, W. S. (2021). The Effectiveness of Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibodies in the Management of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Medicine, 22(5), 1185–1204. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnaa441
Simorangkir, L., Sinurat, S., Simanullang, M. S. D., & Hasugian, R. O. (2021). The Relationship Between Social Support and Public Anxiety in Facing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Environment II Tangkahan Village, Medan Labuhan Subdistrict in 2021. Science Midwifery, 10(1), 242–248. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2021178
Vural, P. I., Körpe, G., & Inangil, D. (2019). Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) to Reduce Exam Anxiety in Turkish Nursing Students. European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101002
Wells, R., & Miklencicova, R. (2021). Emotional Fatigue, Elevated Anxiety Symptoms, and Sustained Psychological Distress in Frontline Medical Staff and Nurses Working with COVID-19 Patients. Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management, 9(2), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.22381/pihrm9220214
