Peran dan Fungsi Manajer Keperawatan di Puskesmas
Abstract
This study aims to determine the role and function of the nursing manager at the puskesmas. The method used is a case study with a situational analysis of data obtained through interviews and document studies. The stages start from assessment, problem identification, problem analysis, problem priority setting and making a plan of action. The intervention starts with drafting guidelines and self-assessment, hiring experts, outreach and evaluation. The study results indicate that the nursing manager's role and function can be improved by developing guidelines and self-assessment referring to the literature, which includes three main managerial roles and five management functions with an average self-assessment value of 95%, which can be implemented. In conclusion, the role and function of the head of nursing are vital in supporting nursing governance and improving nurse performance.
Keywords: Management Function, Nursing, Manager, Role
References
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Salmela, S., Koskinen, C., & Eriksson, K. (2017). Nurse Leaders as Managers of Ethically Sustainable Caring Cultures. Journal of advanced nursing, 73(4), 871-882. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13184
Sanford, K., & Janney, M. (2019). Preparing the Nurse Executive of the Future. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(4), 171-173. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000732
Selig, B. (2020). Nurse Manager Interns:: A Proactive Approach to Developing Leadership Talent and Solidifying Succession Planning. Nurse Leader, 18(6), 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.07.007
Ulit, M. J., Eriksen, M., Warrier, S., Cardenas-Lopez, K., Cenzon, D., Leon, E., & Miller, J. A. (2020). Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in Supporting a Healthy Work Environment. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 31(1), 80-85. https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2020968
Uzarski, D., & Broome, M. E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization's Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007
Warshawsky, N., & Cramer, E. (2019). Describing Nurse Manager Role Preparation and Competency: Findings from a National Study. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(5), 249-255. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000746
Warshawsky, N. E., Caramanica, L., & Cramer, E. (2020). Organizational Support for Nurse Manager Role Transition and Onboarding: Strategies for Success. The Journal of Nursing Administration| JONA, 50(5), 254-260. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000880
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Wei, H., Roberts, P., Strickler, J., & Corbett, R. W. (2019). Nurse Leaders’ Strategies to Foster Nurse Resilience. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 681-687. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12736
Wichaikhum, O., Abhicharttibutra, K., Nantsupawat, A., Kowitlawakul, Y., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2020). Developing a Strategic Model of Participation in Policy Development for Nurses. International Nursing Review, 67(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12571
Barasteh, S., Rassouli, M., Karimirad, K., & Abadi, S. (2021). Future Challenges of Nursing in Health System of Iran. Front Public Health, 23(9), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.676160
Cho, S. H., Lee, J. Y., You, S. J., Song, K. J., & Hong, K. J. (2020). Nurse Staffing, Nurses Prioritization, Missed Care, Quality of Nursing Care, and Nurse Outcomes. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 26(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12803
Cupit, T., Stout-Aguilar, J., Cannon, L., & Norton, J. (2019). Assessing the Nurse Manager's Span of Control: A Partnership Between Executive Leadership, Nurse Scientists and Clinicians. Nurse Leader, 17(2), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.12.004
Daws, K., McBrearty, K., & Bell, D. (2020). If Somebody just Showed Me Once How to Do It: How are Workplace Cultures and Practice Development Conceptualised and Operationalised for Early Career Nurses? Nurse Education Today, 85, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104267
Esfahani, P., Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Akbarisari, A. (2018). The Success of Strategic Planning in Health Care Organizations of Iran. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 31(6). 563-574. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2017-0145
Fadli, R., Seta, A. B., Ilham, N., Nurcahayati, S., & Mulyani, S. (2020). Pelatihan Manajemen Waktu dalam Mewujudkan Produktivitas Kerja pada Tenaga Kesehatan RSU Bhakti Asih. BAKTIMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat, 2(2), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.32672/btm.v2i2.2132
Fuller, R., & Hansen, A. (2019). Disruption a Head: Navigating and Leading the future of nursing. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 43(3), 212-221. https://doi.org/10.1097/naq.0000000000000354
Gifford, W. A., Squires, J. E., Angus, D. E., Ashley, L. A., Brosseau, L., Craik, J. M., Domecq, M., Egan, M., Holyoko, P., Juergensen, L., Juergensen, L., Wallin, L., Wazni. L., & Graham, I. D. (2018). Managerial Leadership for Research Use in Nursing and Allied Health Care Professions: A Systematic Review. Implementation Science, 13(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-018-0817-7
Grol, R., & Wensing, M. (2020). Planning and Organizing the Change Process. Improving Patient Care: The Implementation of Change in Health Care, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119488620.ch4
Hajizadeh, A., Zamanzadeh, V., & Khodayari-Zarnaq, R. (2021). Participation of Nurse Managers In the Health Policy Process: A Qualitative Study Of Barriers And Facilitators. International Nursing Review, 8(3). 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12657
Hussain, S. T., Lei, S., Akram, T., Haider, M. J., Hussain, S. H., & Ali, M. (2018). Kurt Lewin's Change Model: A Critical Review of the Role of Leadership and Employee Involvement in Organizational Change. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(3), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.07.002
Kadir, A., Syahrul, S., & Fauzia, L. (2020). Problems Identification in Application of Management Functions in Management of Nursing Services: A Descriptive Study of a Public Hospital in South Sulawesi Province. EnfermerÃa ClÃnica, 30(2), 154-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.07.067
Kossek, E. E., Rosokha, L. M., & Leana, C. (2020). Work Schedule Patching in Health Care: Exploring Implementation Approaches. Work and Occupations, 47(2), 228-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888419841101
Lehtonen, M.-R., Roos, M., Kantanen, K., & Suominen, T. (2018). International Nursing: Nurse Managers' Leadership and Management Competencies Assessed by Nursing Personnel in a Finnish Hospital. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 42(2), 164-174. https://doi.org/10.1097/naq.0000000000000279
Ma, H., Chihava, T. N., Fu, J., Zhang, S., Lei, L., Tan, J., & Luo, Y. (2020). Competencies of Military Nurse Managers: A Scoping Review and Unifying Framework. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(6), 1166-1176. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13068
Marken-George, S. (2020). CNO Jitters Reduced with Support of the AONL New Nurse Executive Fellowship. Nurse Leader, 18(2), 139-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2019.12.004
Morse, V., & Warshawsky, N. E. (2021). Nurse Leader Competencies: Today and Tomorrow. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 45(1), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/naq.0000000000000453
Mosadeghrad, A. M., & Isfahani, P. (2018). The Challenges of Strategic Planning in Tehran Province. Management Stratiest ang Indah, 3(3), 184-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v3i3.248
Majers, J. S., & Warshawsky, N. (2020). Evidence-Based Decision-Making for Nurse Leaders. Nurse Leader, 18(5), 471-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.06.006
Neves, T. M. A., Parreira, P. M. S. D., Graveto, J. M. G. N., Freitas, M. J. B. d. S. d., & Rodrigues, V. J. L. (2020). Nurse Managers' Perceptions of Nurse Staffing and Nursing Care Quality: A Crossâ€Sectional Study. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(3), 625-633. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12966
Ofei, A. M., Paarima, Y., Barnes, T., & Kwashie, A. A. (2019). Stress and Coping Strategies Among Nurse Managers. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 10(2), 39-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n2p39
Salmela, S., Koskinen, C., & Eriksson, K. (2017). Nurse Leaders as Managers of Ethically Sustainable Caring Cultures. Journal of advanced nursing, 73(4), 871-882. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13184
Sanford, K., & Janney, M. (2019). Preparing the Nurse Executive of the Future. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(4), 171-173. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000732
Selig, B. (2020). Nurse Manager Interns:: A Proactive Approach to Developing Leadership Talent and Solidifying Succession Planning. Nurse Leader, 18(6), 609-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2020.07.007
Ulit, M. J., Eriksen, M., Warrier, S., Cardenas-Lopez, K., Cenzon, D., Leon, E., & Miller, J. A. (2020). Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in Supporting a Healthy Work Environment. AACN Advanced Critical Care, 31(1), 80-85. https://doi.org/10.4037/aacnacc2020968
Uzarski, D., & Broome, M. E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization's Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing, 35(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007
Warshawsky, N., & Cramer, E. (2019). Describing Nurse Manager Role Preparation and Competency: Findings from a National Study. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(5), 249-255. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000746
Warshawsky, N. E., Caramanica, L., & Cramer, E. (2020). Organizational Support for Nurse Manager Role Transition and Onboarding: Strategies for Success. The Journal of Nursing Administration| JONA, 50(5), 254-260. https://doi.org/10.1097/nna.0000000000000880
Waxman, H., Corr, B., Martin, K., & Duong, S. (2017). Getting to the Root of High Prescription Drug Prices. Issue Brief (Commonwealth Fund), 2017, 1–10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28700190/
Wei, H., Roberts, P., Strickler, J., & Corbett, R. W. (2019). Nurse Leaders’ Strategies to Foster Nurse Resilience. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 681-687. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12736
Wichaikhum, O., Abhicharttibutra, K., Nantsupawat, A., Kowitlawakul, Y., & Kunaviktikul, W. (2020). Developing a Strategic Model of Participation in Policy Development for Nurses. International Nursing Review, 67(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12571
