Identifikasi Infeksi Multidrug Resistant Organism (MDRO) pada Pasien ICU
Abstract
This study aims to determine the clinical significance of Multidrug-Resistant Organism (MDRO) screening and analysis of infection risk factors in the intensive care unit (ICU). The method used is a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The results showed that the majority of MDRO patients in the ICU were aged 36-45 years in the late adult age category by 45% and were found in the Central ICU by 63% with a length of stay of 1-15 days by 62 found by taking sputum specimens (47% ). Identification of the most Gram-negative bacteria in the ICU: Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL, Escherichia Coli ESBL, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter Baummannii. Five bacteria are in the Multidrug Resistant Organism (MDRO) category: Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL, Escherichia Coli ESBL, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter Baummannii, and MRSA. In conclusion, a high MDRO infection will be at risk of transmission to other patients. So early detection is needed in all patients who will undergo treatment at the hospital.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Bacteria, ICU, Infection, Multidrug-Resistant Organisms
References
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Rasfayanah, R., Arfah, A. I., & Zulfahmidah, Z. (2021). PKM Sosialisasi Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Efek Penyalahgunaan Antibiotik Guna Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik di Desa Sanrobone Kecamatan Sanrobone Kabupaten Takalar. Jurnal Pengabdian Kedokteran Indonesia, 2(1), 33–36. https://jurnal.fk.umi.ac.id/index.php/jpki/article/view/130/95
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Sukertiasih, N. K., Megawati, F., Meriyani, H., & Sanjaya, D. A. (2021). Studi Retrospektif Gambaran Resistensi Bakteri terhadap Antibiotik. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 7(2), 108–111. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v7i2.2177
Verma, A., Vimalesvaran, S., & Dhawan, A. (2022). Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Outcome Due to Multidrug Resistant Organisms in Paediatric Liver Transplant Patients in the Era of Antimicrobial Stewardship and Screening. Antibiotics, 11(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030387
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Zhou, Y., Yu, F., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2021). Clinical Significance of MDRO Screening and Infection Risk Factor Analysis in the ICU. American Journal of Translational Research, 13(4), 3717–3723. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34017556/
Bardani, F. R., Andriani, Y., & Rahmadevi, R. (2021). Penggunaan Antibiotik Restriksi pada Pasien Sepsis di Ruang ICU RSUD H. Abdul Manap Kota Jambi Periode 2017-2019. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan, 3(2), 227-232. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v3i2.282
Bhargava, A., Riederer, K., Sharma, M., Fukushima, E. A., Johnson, L., & Saravolatz, L. (2021). High Rate of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs) among COVID-19 Patients Presenting with Bacteremia Upon Hospital Admission. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(11), 1441–1442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2021.08.010
Chia, P. Y., Sengupta, S., Kukreja, A., Ponnampalavanar, S. S. L., Ng, O. T., & Marimuthu, K. (2020). The Role of Hospital Environment in Transmissions of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Organisms. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control, 9(29), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-020-0685-1
Cucunawangsih, C., & Holiwono, L. (2020). A Study on High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDRO) in a Teaching Care Hospital, from 2016 to 2017. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.062
Fadil, M., Rasyid, R., & Hidayat, M. (2021). Gambaran Sensitivitas Bakteri Penghasil Enzim Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase terhadap Beberapa Antimikroba di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2018-2019. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia, 2(2), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.25077/jikesi.v2i2.448
Gunawan, S., Tjandra, O., & Halim, S. (2021). Edukasi Mengenai Penggunaan Antibiotik yang Rasional di Lingkungan SMK Negeri 1 Tambelang Bekasi. Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia, 4(1), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.24912/jbmi.v4i1.11925
Hestiyani, R. A. N. (2021). Dekolonisasi Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) dengan Cuci Tangan sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik pada Kelompok Masyarakat di Kabupaten Banyumas. Jurnal ABDI: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 6(2), 94-98. https://doi.org/10.26740/ja.v6n2.p94-98
Khasanah, R. N., Puspitasari, I., Nuryastuti, T., & Yuniarti, N. (2020). Prevalensi Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumonia dan Evaluasi Kesesuaian Antibiotik Empiris Berdasarkan Nilai Prediksi Farmakokinetik terhadap Outcome Klinis di RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten. Majalah Farmaseutik, 16(1), 27–33. http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=1623413&val=11674&title=Prevalensi%20Multidrug-Resistant%20Klebsiella%20pneumonia%20dan%20Evaluasi%20Kesesuaian%20Antibiotik%20Empiris%20Berdasarkan%20Nilai%20Prediksi%20Farmakokinetik%20Terhadap%20Outcome%20Klinis%20di%20RSUP%20Dr%20Soeradji%20Tirtonegoro%20Klaten
Meriyani, H., Sanjaya, D. A., Sutariani, N. W., Juanita, R. A., & Siada, N. B. (2021). Penggunaan dan Resistensi Antibiotik di Instalasi Rawat Intensif Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah di Bali: Studi Ekologikal Selama 3 Tahun. jurnal Farmasi Klinik Indonesia, 10(3), 180–189. https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2021.10.3.180
Nurrosyidah, I. H. (2023). Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cincau Hijau (Cyclea Barbata Miers) terhadap Escherichia Coli Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). LUMBUNG FARMASI : Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian, 4(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.31764/lf.v4i1.9356
Peters, A., Schmid, M. N., Parneix, P., Lebowitz, D., de Kraker, M., Sauser, J., Zingg, W., & Pittet, D. (2022). Impact of Environmental Hygiene Interventions on Healthcare-Associated Infections and Patient Colonization: A Systematic Review. Antimicrobial Resistance & infection Control, 11(38), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-022-01075-1
Rasfayanah, R., Arfah, A. I., & Zulfahmidah, Z. (2021). PKM Sosialisasi Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Efek Penyalahgunaan Antibiotik Guna Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik di Desa Sanrobone Kecamatan Sanrobone Kabupaten Takalar. Jurnal Pengabdian Kedokteran Indonesia, 2(1), 33–36. https://jurnal.fk.umi.ac.id/index.php/jpki/article/view/130/95
Rastiti, N. P., Dolesgit, N. M. G., & Dewi, N. N. Y. K. (2022). Case Study on Nurse Care for COVID-19 Patients with MDRO (Multiple Drug Resistent Organism) in Isolation Intensive Care Unit, Bali Mandara Hospital. Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ), 2(3), 261–265. https://doi.org/10.53713/nhs.v2i3.137
Rezk, A. R., Bawady, S. A., & Omar, N. N. (2021). Incidence of Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Organisms and its Impact on the Outcome in the Pediatric Intensive Care. Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette, 69(25), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-021-00071-1
Sukertiasih, N. K., Megawati, F., Meriyani, H., & Sanjaya, D. A. (2021). Studi Retrospektif Gambaran Resistensi Bakteri terhadap Antibiotik. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 7(2), 108–111. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v7i2.2177
Verma, A., Vimalesvaran, S., & Dhawan, A. (2022). Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Outcome Due to Multidrug Resistant Organisms in Paediatric Liver Transplant Patients in the Era of Antimicrobial Stewardship and Screening. Antibiotics, 11(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030387
Yunita, S. L., Atmadani, R. N., & Titani, M. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Penggunaan Antibiotika pada Mahasiswa Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia, 6(2), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pji.2021.006.02.7
Zhou, Y., Yu, F., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2021). Clinical Significance of MDRO Screening and Infection Risk Factor Analysis in the ICU. American Journal of Translational Research, 13(4), 3717–3723. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34017556/
