Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) sebagai Terapi Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) on reducing depression in older people in Gumpang Village. This research method uses a quantitative approach in the form of a pre-experiment with one-group pretest-post-design research conducted from November 2022 to December 2022. Respondents in this study were 87 elderly respondents in Gumpang Village, Kartasura District, Sukoharjo Regency. Respondents were taken using the Accidental Sampling Technique. Respondents were selected according to the discussion criteria as samples. Data collection used a research instrument in the form of a GDS-15 questionnaire with a total of 15 questions. The results of this study indicate that the p-value = 0.000 ≤ α = 0.05 (the p-value is smaller than α = 0.05). In conclusion, there are significant differences in depression before and after CBT therapy. Giving CBT has a substantial impact on reducing the level of depression in older people in Gumpang Village.
Keywords: Depression, Elderly, Cognitive Therapy
References
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Xiang, X., Wu, S., Zuverink, A., Tomasino, K. N., An, R., & Himle, J. A. (2020). Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for late-Life Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Aging & Mental Health, 24(8), 1196–1206. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1590309
Yuniartika, W., Anwar, S., Kamil, A. R., & Herlinah, L. (2021). The Effectiveness of Yoga Therapy to Reduce the Level of Depression among Elderly in the Community. JNKI (Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia) (Indonesian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery), 9(4), 290-296. https://doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2021.9(4).290-296
Zamiri-Miandoab, N., Hassanzade, R., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2022). The Effect of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Anxiety and Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Annals of General Psychiatry, 21, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-022-00417-y
Zegarow, P., Manczak, M., Rysz, J., & Olszewski, R. (2020). The Influence of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Depression in Dialysis Patients – Meta-Analysis. Archives of Medical Science, 16(6), 1271–1278. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.88019
Alkatiri, M. A., Nurjannah, N., & Simbala, N. (2021). Konseling Pribadi Berbasis Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Untuk Mengatasi Gangguan Kecemasan Mental. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling dan Dakwah Islam, 18(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.14421/hisbah.2021.181-05
Araghi, N. M., Zarei, M. A., Saei, S., Nodeh, H. R. Y., & Mahmoudi, E. (2022). The Effect of Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depressive Symptoms in Recovered Patients with COVID-19. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_727_21
Ardianto, O., & Aghadiati, F. (2022). Efektifitas Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) dalam Mengatasi Anxiety pada Lansia dalam Menghadapi Varian Baru COVID-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kenali Besar Kota Jambi. Journal of Healtcare Technology and Medicine, 8(2), 1263-1272. https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2394
Blackwell, S. E., & Heidenreich, T. (2021). Cognitive Behavior Therapy at the Crossroads. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 14, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41811-021-00104-y
Hindradjat, J., Ramli, M., & Radjah, C. L. (2021). Studi Kasus Penggunaan Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Depresi pada Wanita Dewasa. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 4(2). https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj
Li, J., Li, X., Jiang, J., Xu, X., Wu, J., Xu, Y., Lin, X., Hall, J., Xu, H., Xu, J., & Xu, X. (2020). The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580827
Luo, C., Sanger, N., Singhal, N., Pattrick, K., Shams, I., Shahid, H., Hoang, P., Schmidt, J., Lee, J., Haber, S., Puckering, M., Buchanan, N., Lee, P., Ng, K., Sun, S., Kheyson, S., Chung, D. C., Sanger, S., Thabane, L., & Samaan, Z. (2020). A Comparison of Electronically-Delivered and Face to Face Cognitive Behavioural Therapies in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 24, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100442
Mansour, N., Labib, N., Khalil, M., & Esmat, S. (2022). Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Comorbid Depression and Type 2 Diabetes in an Urban Primary Care Facility: Randomized Controlled Trial. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7883
Mijnster, T., Boersma, G. J., Meijer, E., & Lancel, M. (2022). Effectivity of (Personalized) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Mental Health Populations and the Elderly: An Overview. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12071070
Nathalia, V., & Elvira, M. (2021). Terapi Kognitif Menurunkan Depresi Pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesehatan Perintis (Perintis’s Health Journal), 7(2), 87–91. https://doi.org/10.33653/jkp.v7i2.476
Rumakey, R. S., Indarwati, R., & Andriani, M. (2020). Effect of Spiritual Cognitive Therapy on Decreasing the Depression Level among Elderly at Nursing Home. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services, 3(3), 418-423. https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v3i3.245
Shaffer, K. M., Smith, J. G., Glazer, J. V., Camacho, F., Chow, P. I., Mattos, M., Ingersoll, K., & Ritterband, L. M. (2022). Effects of an Internet-Delivered Insomnia Intervention for Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 45, 728–738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-022-00353-y
Sonhaji, S., Wijayanti, H., & Nafisah, N. A. (2021). Penurunan Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia dengan Terapi Reminiscence. Jendela Nursing Journal, 5(2), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.31983/jnj.v5i2.7957
Susanto, T. I., Soetjiningsih, C. H., & Samiyono, D. (2020). Terapi Reminiscence: Memberdayakan Lansia untuk Mencapai Successful Aging. Buletin Psikologi, 28(1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.22146/buletinpsikologi.49339
Ugwuanyi, C. S., Ede, M. O., Onyishi, C. N., Ossai, O. V., Nwokenna, E. N., Obikwelu, L. C., Ikechukwu-Ilomuanya, A., Amoke, C. V., Okeke, A. O., Ene, C. U., Offordile, E. E., Ozoemena, L. C., & Nweke, M. L. (2020). Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Music Therapy in Reducing Physics Test Anxiety among Students as Measured by Generalized Test Anxiety Scale. Medicine, 99(17). https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000016406
Varadila, M. G. (2022). CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) for Elderly with Moderate Loneliness Disorder. International Journal of Social Service and Research (IJSSR), 2(8), 670-675. https://doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v2i8.150
Wright, J. H., Owen, J., Eells, T. D., Antle, B., Bishop, L. B., Girdler, R., Harris, L. M., Wright, R. B., Wells, M. J., Gopalraj, R., Pendleton, M. E., & Ali, S. (2022). Effect of Computer-Assisted Cognitive Behavior Therapy vs Usual Care on Depression among Adults in Primary Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46716
Xiang, X., Wu, S., Zuverink, A., Tomasino, K. N., An, R., & Himle, J. A. (2020). Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapies for late-Life Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Aging & Mental Health, 24(8), 1196–1206. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1590309
Yuniartika, W., Anwar, S., Kamil, A. R., & Herlinah, L. (2021). The Effectiveness of Yoga Therapy to Reduce the Level of Depression among Elderly in the Community. JNKI (Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia) (Indonesian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery), 9(4), 290-296. https://doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2021.9(4).290-296
Zamiri-Miandoab, N., Hassanzade, R., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2022). The Effect of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Anxiety and Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Annals of General Psychiatry, 21, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-022-00417-y
Zegarow, P., Manczak, M., Rysz, J., & Olszewski, R. (2020). The Influence of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Depression in Dialysis Patients – Meta-Analysis. Archives of Medical Science, 16(6), 1271–1278. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.88019
