Virtual Reality dalam Menurunkan Kecemasan dan Ketakutan pada Anak Usia Sekolah dan Remaja yang Dirawat
Abstract
This study aims to identify the effect of virtual reality on the anxiety and fear of school-age children and adolescents when receiving treatment at the hospital. The method used is a systematic review of nine searched articles through the Proquest, Science Direct, Scopus, Pubmed, and Springer Link databases, and through hand searching, with article inclusion criteria using virtual reality interventions involving school-age children and adolescents in hospital settings, published between 2013-2022 in English and Indonesian, can be accessed in full text. The results of the study show that the use of virtual reality can reduce anxiety and fear in school-age children and adolescents who are hospitalized. In conclusion, distraction using virtual reality effectively reduces stress and worry in school-age children and adolescents who are hospitalized, so it can be the intervention of choice for nurses in providing nursing care to manage anxiety and fear.
Keywords: Children, Anxiety, Fear, Hospitals, Virtual Reality
References
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Buyuk, E. T., Odabasoglu, E., Uzsen, H., & Koyun, M. (2021). The Effect of Virtual Reality on Children’s Anxiety, Fear, and Pain Levels Before Circumcision. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 17(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.008
Cheng, Z., Yu, S., Zhang, W., Liu, X., Shen, Y., & Weng, H. (2022). Virtual Reality for Pain and Anxiety of Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 9(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100152
Dehghan, F., Jalali, R., & Bashiri, H. (2019). The Effect of Virtual Reality Technology on Preoperative Anxiety in Children: a Solomon four-Group Randomized Clinical Trial. Perioperative Medicine, 8, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-019-0116-0
Dewi, M. M., Nurhaeni, N., & Hayati, H. (2021). The Effect of Storytelling on Fear in School-Age Children During Hospitalization. Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica, 43(s1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.4081/pmc.2021.269
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Han, S., Park, J., Choi, S. I, Kim, J. Y., Lee, H., Yoo, H., & Ryu, J. (2019). Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality Education before Chest Radiography on Anxiety and Distress among Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(11), 1026–1031. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3000
Hsu, M., Whu, Y., Lin, I., Liu, C., Lai, F., Liu, P., & Chen, C. (2022). Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interactive Play for Children During Intravenous Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asian Nursing Research, 16(2), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2022.03.002
İnangil, D., Şendir, M., & Büyükyılmaz, F., (2020). Efficacy of Cartoon Viewing Devices During Phlebotomy in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 35(4), 407–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.01.008
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Jamalimoghadam, N., Yektatalab, S., Momennasab, M., Ebadi, A., & Zare, N. (2019). How Do Hospitalized Adolescents Feel Safe? A Qualitative Study. Journal of Nursing Research, 27(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000285
Kaya, M., & Özlü, Z. K. (2023). The Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Burn Dressing in Children: A Randomized Controlled Study. Burns, 49(4), 788-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2022.06.001
Khanapurkar, P. M., Nagpal, D. I., Lamba, G., Choudhari, P., & Hotwani, K. (2018). Effect of virtual reality distraction on pain and anxiety during local anesthesia injection in children – a randomized controlled cross-over clinical study. Journal of Advanced Medical Dental Scncesie Research, 6(11), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.21276/jamdsr
KPPPA. (2021). Profil Anak Indonesia 2020. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/25/3056/profil-anak-indonesia-tahun-2020
Özsoy, F., & Ulus, B. (2022). Comparison of Two Different Methods in Reducing Pain and Fear due to Dressing Change in 7-10 Years Old Children. The Journal of Pediatric Research, 9(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.4274/jpr.galenos.2021.68335
Rajan, M., Sharma, N., Komanduri, S., Prabakar, S., & M, S., Chakravarthy, B. D. (2022). Comparative Evaluation of VR Distraction Technique in Management of Pediatric Dental Patients. Journal of Advanced Medical Dental Scncesie Research, 10(3), 10-13. https://jamdsr.com/uploadfiles/4vol10issue3pp10-13.20220310062608.pdf
Şahin, Ö. O. S., & Topan, A. (2019). Investigation of the Fear of 7–18-Year-Old Hospitalized Children for Illness and Hospital. Journal of Religion and Health, 58, 1011–1023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0688-x
Yaz, Ş. B., & Yilmaz, H. (2022). The Effects of Designing an Educational Animation Movie in Virtual Reality on Preoperative Fear and Postoperative Pain in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 37(3), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2021.04.015
Astarani, K., Richard, S. D., & Kurniawati, F. (2022). Stress Hospitalization of Pre-School Age During The COVID-19 Pandemic.Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 5(1), 161-170. https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj/article/view/1255
Buyuk, E. T., Odabasoglu, E., Uzsen, H., & Koyun, M. (2021). The Effect of Virtual Reality on Children’s Anxiety, Fear, and Pain Levels Before Circumcision. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 17(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.008
Cheng, Z., Yu, S., Zhang, W., Liu, X., Shen, Y., & Weng, H. (2022). Virtual Reality for Pain and Anxiety of Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 9(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100152
Dehghan, F., Jalali, R., & Bashiri, H. (2019). The Effect of Virtual Reality Technology on Preoperative Anxiety in Children: a Solomon four-Group Randomized Clinical Trial. Perioperative Medicine, 8, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-019-0116-0
Dewi, M. M., Nurhaeni, N., & Hayati, H. (2021). The Effect of Storytelling on Fear in School-Age Children During Hospitalization. Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica, 43(s1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.4081/pmc.2021.269
Düzkaya, D. S., Bozkurt, G., Ulupınar, S., Uysal, G., Uçar, S., & Uysalol, M. (2021). The Effect of a Cartoon and an Information Video About Intravenous Insertion on Pain and Fear in Children Aged 6 to 12 Years in the Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47(1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.011
Erdogan, B., & Ozdemir, A. A. (2021). The Effect of Three Different Methods on Venipuncture Pain and Anxiety in Children: Distraction Cards, Virtual Reality, and Buzzy® (Randomized Controlled Trial). Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 58, 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.01.001
Fadllah, E., Merduaty, R. C., & Hariyati, R. T. S. (2019). Pemanfaatan Virtual Reality untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bersosialisasi pada Klien Skizofrenia: Literature Review. REAL in Nursing Journal, 2(3), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.32883/rnj.v2i3.551
Han, S., Park, J., Choi, S. I, Kim, J. Y., Lee, H., Yoo, H., & Ryu, J. (2019). Effect of Immersive Virtual Reality Education before Chest Radiography on Anxiety and Distress among Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(11), 1026–1031. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3000
Hsu, M., Whu, Y., Lin, I., Liu, C., Lai, F., Liu, P., & Chen, C. (2022). Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interactive Play for Children During Intravenous Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Asian Nursing Research, 16(2), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2022.03.002
İnangil, D., Şendir, M., & Büyükyılmaz, F., (2020). Efficacy of Cartoon Viewing Devices During Phlebotomy in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 35(4), 407–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.01.008
Ioannou, A., Papastavrou, E., Avraamides, M. N., & Charalambous, A. (2020). Virtual Reality and Symptoms Management of Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, and Pain: A Systematic Review. SAGE Open Nursing, 6. https://doi.org/10.1177/2377960820936163
Jamalimoghadam, N., Yektatalab, S., Momennasab, M., Ebadi, A., & Zare, N. (2019). How Do Hospitalized Adolescents Feel Safe? A Qualitative Study. Journal of Nursing Research, 27(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000285
Kaya, M., & Özlü, Z. K. (2023). The Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Burn Dressing in Children: A Randomized Controlled Study. Burns, 49(4), 788-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2022.06.001
Khanapurkar, P. M., Nagpal, D. I., Lamba, G., Choudhari, P., & Hotwani, K. (2018). Effect of virtual reality distraction on pain and anxiety during local anesthesia injection in children – a randomized controlled cross-over clinical study. Journal of Advanced Medical Dental Scncesie Research, 6(11), 84–90. https://doi.org/10.21276/jamdsr
KPPPA. (2021). Profil Anak Indonesia 2020. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/25/3056/profil-anak-indonesia-tahun-2020
Özsoy, F., & Ulus, B. (2022). Comparison of Two Different Methods in Reducing Pain and Fear due to Dressing Change in 7-10 Years Old Children. The Journal of Pediatric Research, 9(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.4274/jpr.galenos.2021.68335
Rajan, M., Sharma, N., Komanduri, S., Prabakar, S., & M, S., Chakravarthy, B. D. (2022). Comparative Evaluation of VR Distraction Technique in Management of Pediatric Dental Patients. Journal of Advanced Medical Dental Scncesie Research, 10(3), 10-13. https://jamdsr.com/uploadfiles/4vol10issue3pp10-13.20220310062608.pdf
Şahin, Ö. O. S., & Topan, A. (2019). Investigation of the Fear of 7–18-Year-Old Hospitalized Children for Illness and Hospital. Journal of Religion and Health, 58, 1011–1023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0688-x
Yaz, Ş. B., & Yilmaz, H. (2022). The Effects of Designing an Educational Animation Movie in Virtual Reality on Preoperative Fear and Postoperative Pain in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, 37(3), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2021.04.015
