Menurunkan Kecemasan pada Anak yang Dirawat di Rumah Sakit dengan Teknik Menggambar dan Mewarnai
Abstract
This study aims to reduce anxiety in hospitalized children through drawing and coloring techniques. Drawing and coloring aim to make children happy and fearless and can be used as entertainment when hospitalized. This research method uses a descriptive design as a case study with a nursing process approach consisting of assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning (intervention), implementation (implementation), evaluation, and documentation. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and filling out case study instruments for three days in the treatment room. The results showed that the implementation of nursing given in the form of drawing and coloring distraction techniques affected reducing anxiety experienced by pediatric patients during hospitalization. The anxiety score decreased significantly after applying the drawing and coloring distraction methods. In conclusion, drawing and coloring distraction techniques can reduce anxiety in children who experience hospitalization; anxiety scores decrease after being given picture and coloring traction techniques
Keywords: Anxiety, Drawing and Coloring Techniques
References
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Kackin, O., Ciydem, E., Aci, O. S., & Kutlu, F. Y. (2021). Experiences and Psychosocial Problems of Nurses Caring for Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(2), 158–167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020942788
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Mahmud, R. (2020). Penerapan Asuhan Keperawatan Demam Berdarah Dengue dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Termoregulasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 1023–1028. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.460
Papanikolaou, E. (2020). Receptive Music Therapy in Oncology: Guided Imagery and Music during the Course of Active Treatment for Breast and Gynecologic Cancer: A-Two-Part Preliminary Investigation. Aalborg Universitet. https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/receptive-music-therapy-in-oncology-guided-imagery-and-music-duri
Pruccoli, J., Chiavarino, F., Nanni, C., & Parmeggiani, A. (2023). General Psychopathological sympToms in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Anorexia Nervosa-A Naturalistic Study on Follow‑Up and Treatment. European Journal of Pediatrics, 997–1007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04745-9
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SSrisuphanunt, M., Puttaruk, P., Kooltheat, N., Katzenmeier, G., & Wilairatana, P. (2022). Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 7(8), 339. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080162
Suleman, S. K., Atrushi, A., & Enskär, K. (2022). Effectiveness of Art-Based Distraction on Reducing Pediatric Patients' Pain and Anxiety During Venipuncture: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 48, 101597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101597
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Wandini, R., & Resandi, R. (2020). Pemberian Tehnik Distraksi Menonton Kartun Animasi untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Nyeri Prosedur Invasif pada Anak. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(3), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i3.1708
Yulidar, Maksuk, & Priyadi. (2021). Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas. Jurnal Sanitasi Lingkungan ISSN, 1(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.36086/salink.v1i1.1105
Alwledat, K., Al-Amer, R., Ali, A. M., Abuzied, Y., Adnan Khudeir, F., Alzahrani, N. S., Alshammari, S. R., AlBashtawy, M., Thananayagam, T., & Dehghan, M. (2023). Creative Art Therapy for Improving Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with Stroke: A Quasi-Interventional Study. SAGE Open Nursing, 9(3678). https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608231160473
Apriyany, D., Nursa’aban, S., & Bola, I. (2020). Pengaruh Bermain Mewarnai Lukisan Pasir terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Menggalami Hospitalisasi di Ruang C6 Rsud Cibabat Cimahi. Jurnal Kesehatan Kartika, 15(3), 53–62. http://ejournal.stikesjayc.id/index.php/litkartika/article/view/58
Bakthavatsalu, B., Walshe, C., & Simpson, J. (2023). The Experience of Hospitalization in People with Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Qualitative, Phenomenological Study. Chronic Illness, 19(2), 339–353. https://doi.org/10.1177/17423953211073580
Dinkes Pemerintah Provinsi Sumsel. (2019. Laporan Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah Dinkes Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. https://e-renggar.kemkes.go.id/file_performance/1-110009-2tahunan-739.pdf
Fachner, J. C., Maidhof, C., Grocke, D., Pedersen, I. N., Trondalen, G., Tucek, G., & Bonde, L. O. (2019). Telling Me Not to Worry, Hyperscanning and Neural Dynamics of Emotion Processing During Guided Imagery and Music. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(July), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01561
Farasari, R., & Azinar, M. (2018). Model Buku Saku dan Rapor Pemantauan Jentik dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk. JHE (Journal of Health Education), 3(2), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.15294/jhe.v3i2.23314
Gerungan, N., & Walelang, E. (2020). Mewarnai Gambar terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah Yang Dirawat di Rsup. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jurnal Skolastik Keperawatan, 6(2), 105–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35974/jsk.v6i2.2404
Hartoyo, E. (2016). Spektrum Klinis Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Anak. Sari Pediatri, 10(3), 145. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp10.3.2008.145-150
Hasan, M. J., Tabassum, T., Sharif, M., Khan, M. A. S., Bipasha, A. R., Basher, A., Islam, M. R., & Amin, M. R. (2021). Comparison of Clinical Manifestation of Dengue Fever in Bangladesh: An Observation Over a Decade. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06788-z
Hassanein, Z. (2023). Reflections on Community Music Therapy and Conflict Transformation. Peace Camp, 23(1), 1–24. https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/download/3335/3597/19462
Husni, J., Isfanda, & Rahmayanti, Y. (2018). Studi Kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) terhadap Keberadaan Vektor Aedes Aegypti di Gampong Ateuk Pahlawan Kota Banda Aceh. Sel Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan, 5(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.22435/sel.v5i1.1483
Iuliano, A. D., Brunkard, J. M., Boehmer, T. K., Peterson, E., Adjei, S., Binder, A. M., Cobb, S., Graff, P., Hidalgo, P., Panaggio, M. J., Rainey, J. J., Rao, P., Soetebier, K., Wacaster, S., Ai, C., Gupta, V., Molinari, N. M., & Ritchey, M. D. (2022). Trends in Disease Severity and Health Care Utilization During the Early Omicron Variant Period Compared with Previous SARS-CoV-2 High Transmission Periods - United States, December 2020-January 2022. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71(4), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7104e4
Jawiah, J., Kusumawaty, I., Ulianti, N., & Hidayati, N. (2021). Kegiatan Pengalihan (Storytelling) untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Selama Hospitalisasi pada Anak dengan Demam Berdarah Dengue di Pelayanan Rumah Sakit. 1(2), 128–136. https://doi.org/10.36086/jkm.v1i2.993
Kackin, O., Ciydem, E., Aci, O. S., & Kutlu, F. Y. (2021). Experiences and Psychosocial Problems of Nurses Caring for Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in Turkey: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(2), 158–167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020942788
Kemenkes Ri. (2016). Situasi DBD di Indonesia. https://pusdatin.kemkes.go.id/ /pusdatin/infodatin/infodatin-dbd-2016.pdf
Kusumaningtiyas, D. P. H., & Priastana, I. K. A. (2020). Pengaruh Terapi Bermain Tebak Gambar untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan pada Pasien Anak Usia Toddler Akibat Hospitalisasi di Rumah Sakit. (JPP) Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang, 15(2), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v15i1.564
Legi, J., Sulaeman, S., & Purwanti, N. (2019). Pengaruh Storytelling dan Guided-Imagery terhadap Tingkat Perubahan Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Dilakukan Tindakan Invasif. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 1(1), 145-156. https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v1i1.496
Lemos, I. C. S., da Silva, L. G., Delmondes, G. A., Brasil, A. X., Santos, P. L. F., Gomes, E., da Silva, K. V. L. G., de Oliveira, D., de Oliveira, J. D., Fernandes, F. P., Kerntopf, M. R. (2016). Therapeutic Play Use in Children under the Venipucture: A Strategy for Pain Reduction. American Journal of Nursing Research, 4(1), 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajnr-4-1-1
Mahmud, R. (2020). Penerapan Asuhan Keperawatan Demam Berdarah Dengue dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Termoregulasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 1023–1028. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.460
Papanikolaou, E. (2020). Receptive Music Therapy in Oncology: Guided Imagery and Music during the Course of Active Treatment for Breast and Gynecologic Cancer: A-Two-Part Preliminary Investigation. Aalborg Universitet. https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/receptive-music-therapy-in-oncology-guided-imagery-and-music-duri
Pruccoli, J., Chiavarino, F., Nanni, C., & Parmeggiani, A. (2023). General Psychopathological sympToms in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Anorexia Nervosa-A Naturalistic Study on Follow‑Up and Treatment. European Journal of Pediatrics, 997–1007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04745-9
Putri, T. M., Purbasari, D., Octiany, T., Putri, T. M., Purbasari, D., Octiany, T., Kesehatan, J., Vol, M., & Februari, N. (2018). Pengaruh Terapi Mewarnai terhadap Kenyamanan Hospitalisasi pada Anak Usia Prasekolah di RSUD Waled Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Mahardika, 6(1), 37–43. https://journal.mahardika.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/33/50
Rahmanita, M. P., Triana, N., & Supardi, S. (2020). Pengaruh Terapi Bermain Mewarnai terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak yang Mengalami Hospitalisasi pada Anak Usia Prasekolah. Jurnal Sains Kesehatan, 10(2), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.37638/jsk.27.2.19-24
Raza, F. A., Javed, H., Khan, M. M., Ullah, O., Fatima, A., Zaheer, M., Mohsin, S., Hasnain, S., Khalid, R., & Salam, A. A. (2021). Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Co-Infection in Major Metropolitan Cities of Provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Multi-Center Study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 15(9), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009802
Sharma, R., Zamani, A., Dill, L. K., Sun, M., Chu, E., Robinson, M. J., O’Brien, T. J., Shultz, S. R., & Semple, B. D. (2021). A Systemic Immune Challenge to Model Hospital-Acquired Infections Independently Regulates Immune Responses after Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 18(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-021-02114-1
SSrisuphanunt, M., Puttaruk, P., Kooltheat, N., Katzenmeier, G., & Wilairatana, P. (2022). Prognostic Indicators for the Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Infection: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital in Thailand. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 7(8), 339. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7080162
Suleman, S. K., Atrushi, A., & Enskär, K. (2022). Effectiveness of Art-Based Distraction on Reducing Pediatric Patients' Pain and Anxiety During Venipuncture: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 48, 101597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101597
Suwantika, A. A., Kautsar, A. P., Supadmi, W., Zakiyah, N., Abdulah, R., Ali, M., & Postma, M. J. (2020). Cost-Effectiveness of Dengue Vaccination in Indonesia: Considering Integrated Programs with Wolbachia-Infected Mosquitos and Health Education. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124217
Suzuki, K., Nakayama, E. E., Saito, A., Egawa, A., Sato, T., Phadungsombat, J., Rahim, R., Hasan, A., Iwamoto, H., Rahman, M., & Shioda, T. (2019). Evaluation of Novel Rapid Detection Kits for Dengue Virus NS1 Antigen in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2017. Virology Journal, 16(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1204-y
Tim Pokja SDKI DPP PPNI. (2016). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia Definisi dan Indikator Diagnostik. Jakarta: Dewan Pengurus PPNI.
Wandini, R., & Resandi, R. (2020). Pemberian Tehnik Distraksi Menonton Kartun Animasi untuk Menurunkan Tingkat Nyeri Prosedur Invasif pada Anak. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(3), 479–485. https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i3.1708
Yulidar, Maksuk, & Priyadi. (2021). Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah Penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas. Jurnal Sanitasi Lingkungan ISSN, 1(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.36086/salink.v1i1.1105
