Hubungan Berat Badan Lahir, Asi Eksklusif, dan Gizi Makanan dengan Stunting pada Anak
Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between Birth Weight, Exclusive Breastfeeding, and Nutritional Intake with stunting in children. The method used in this research employs a quantitative approach. The sample in this study consists of 40 toddlers. The variables in this research include Birth Weight, Exclusive Breastfeeding, and Nutritional Intake as independent variables, and stunting in children as the dependent variable. The instrument used is a questionnaire consisting of questionnaires to be filled out, and the data analysis conducted in this research utilizes regression model testing. The results of the research indicate that Birth Weight has a significant relationship with stunting in children, with a coefficient of determination of 73.7%; Exclusive Breastfeeding has a significant relationship with stunting in children, with a coefficient of determination of 73.4%; and Nutritional Intake has a significant relationship with stunting in children, with a coefficient of determination of 72.3%. The conclusion of this study is that the occurrence of stunting in children can be associated with several factors such as low birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, and nutritional intake provided to the child during the child's growth period, which are factors related to the occurrence of stunting in children.
Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Food Nutrition, Low Birth Weight, Stunting.
References
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Banerjee, A., Sen, S., Khan, J., Pal, M., & Bharati, P. (2022). Decadal Change in the Association Between the Status of Young Mother’s Body Mass Index and Anaemia with Child Low Birth Weight in India. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 147. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04486-5
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D’Alonzo, K. T., & Garsman, L. (2020). The Impact of Childhood Growth Stunting and Post-Migration Dysbiosis on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome Among Indigenous Immigrant Mexican Women. Biological Research For Nursing, 22(4), 552–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800420941599
Delima, D., Neviyarni, N., Marjohan, M., Ifdil, I., & Afdal, A. (2023). Psychological Impact on Stunting Adolescents: Literature Review Study. REAL in Nursing Journal, 6(1), 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/rnj.v6i1.2233
Ekholuenetale, M., Barrow, A., Ekholuenetale, C. E., & Tudeme, G. (2020). Impact of Stunting on Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Benin: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey. Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette, 68(1), 1–11.
Fadjriah, R. N., Rusdianto, R., Herman, H., & Vidyanto, V. (2021). Factors Associated with the Stunting in Toddlers in the Work Area of Tikson Raya Public Health Center. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(E), 1207–1212. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6957
Ghimire, U., Papabathini, S. S., Kawuki, J., Obore, N., & Musa, T. H. (2021). Depression During Pregnancy and the Risk of Low Birth Weight, Preterm Birth and Intrauterine Growth Restriction-An Updated Meta-Analysis. Early Human Development, 152, 105243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105243
Heidkamp, R. A., Piwoz, E., Gillespie, S., Keats, E. C., D’Alimonte, M. R., Menon, P., … Bhutta, Z. A. (2021). Mobilising evidence, Data, and Resources to Achieve Global Maternal and Child Undernutrition Targets and the Sustainable Development Goals: An Agenda for Action. The Lancet, 397(10282), 1400–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00568-7
Ipa, A., Hartono, R., Sirajuddin, Amir, A., & Ishak, S. I. Z. S. (2020). Breast feeding Practice Prevention for Nutritional Stunting of Children in Buginese Ethnicity. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 14(3), 1108–1112. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088010882&partnerID=40&md5=bd656fde75f4860881f81bf8896fb5c2
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Kaur, S., Ng, C. M., Badon, S. E., Jalil, R. A., Maykanathan, D., Yim, H. S., & Jan Mohamed, H. J. (2019). Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight Among Rural and Urban Malaysian Women. BMC Public Health, 19(4), 1–10. 10.1186/s12889-019-6864-4
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2023). Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2022. Retrieved from https://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/uploads/contents/attachments/09fb5b8ccfdf088080f2521ff0b4374f.pdf
Latuihamallo, A., Margawati, A., Mexitalia, M., Ediati, A., & Syauqy, A. (2022). Differences in Development and Diet of Stunting and Non-Stunting Children in the Rowosari Health Center Work Area, Semarang, Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 10(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.10.2.161-167
Liu, W., Liu, Q., Liu, W., & Qiu, C. (2021). Maternal Risk Factors and Pregnancy Complications Associated with Low Birth Weight Neonates in Preterm Birth. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 47(9), 3196–3202. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.14830
Milani-Bonab, A., Kalantari, N., Takian, A., & Haghighian-Roudsari, A. (2023). Food and Agriculture, Nutrition and Health Related Policy Integration in Iran’s National Development Agenda and Their Alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(4), 3353–3378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02171-3
Nobile, S., Di Sipio Morgia, C., & Vento, G. (2022). Perinatal origins of Adult Disease and Opportunities for Health Promotion: A Narrative review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020157
Nugroho, M. R., Sasongko, R. N., & Kristiawan, M. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 2269-2276. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.1169
Ouedraogo, O., Doudou, M. H., Drabo, K. M., Garnier, D., Zagré, N. M., Sanou, D., … Donnen, P. (2020). Policy Overview of the Multisectoral Nutrition Planning Process: the Progress, Challenges, and Lessons Learned From Burkina Faso. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 35(1), 120–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2823
Pang, W. W., Tan, P. T., Cai, S., Fok, D., Chua, M. C., Lim, S. B., … Yap, F. (2020). Nutrients Or Nursing? Understanding How Breast Milk Feeding Affects Child Cognition. European Journal of Nutrition, 59, 609–619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01929-2
Pangaribuan, I. K., Mutmainah, J., Sari, A. D., Rini, O., & Rachmat, A. (2022). The Effect of Booklet Media on Increasing Mother’s Knowledge in Stunting Prevention. Journal of Maternal and Child Health Sciences (JMCHS), 2(2), 214–218. https://doi.org/10.36086/maternalandchild.v2i2.1407
Sánchez, C., Franco, L., Regal, P., Lamas, A., Cepeda, A., & Fente, C. (2021). Breast Milk: A Source Of Functional Compounds with Potential Application in Nutrition and Therapy. Nutrients, 13(3), 1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031026
Shafaei, F. S., Mirghafourvand, M., & Havizari, S. (2020). The Effect of Prenatal Counseling on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Frequency of Breastfeeding Problems in Mothers with Previous Unsuccessful Breastfeeding: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. BMC Women’s Health, 20(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-00947-1
Speich, C., Barth-Jaeggi, T., Musard, C., Havugimana, C., Nwokoro, C., Gakuba, E., … Prytherch, H. (2023). Nutrition in City Ecosystems (NICE): Protocol of a Multi-Sectoral Development Project yo Improve Food and Nutrition Security of Secondary City Populations in Bangladesh, Kenya and Rwanda. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1081535
Sutarto, S. T. T., Kinanti, R., Susianti, S., & Roro, R. W. P. (2021). Relationship Between Low Born Weight (Lbw) and Stunting Events in Children (age 24-59 months). Indonesian Journal of Medical Anthropology, 2(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijma.v2i1.4696
Syaputri, D., Soedjadi, T. T. B., Manalu, S. M. H., Tanjung, R., & Rosana, D. (2023). The Relationship Between Household Drinking Water Quality and The Incidence of Stunting. Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, 5(1), 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i1.14890
Tanzil, L., & Hafriani, H. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan. Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati, 7(1), 25-31. Https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i1.3390,
Triana, N. Y., & Haniyah, S. (2020). Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding and Nutritional Intake with Stunting in Children in Karanglewas Health Center. In 1st International Conference on Community Health (ICCH 2019), 74–78). Atlantis Press.
Ware, J. L., Chen, A., Morrow, A. L., & Kmet, J. (2019). Associations Between Breastfeeding Initiation and Infant Mortality in an Urban Population. Breastfeeding Medicine, 14(7), 465–474. 10.1089/bfm.2019.0067
World Health Organization. (2022). Stunting prevalence Among Children Under 5 Years Of Age (%) (Model-Based Estimates). Global Health Observatory Data Repository, 35. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-jme-stunting-prevalence
Wulandari, N., Margawati, A., & Rahfiludin, Z. (2021). The implementation of nutrition improvement programs for underweight children, wasting and stunting in the Department of Health, Central Buton district, Southeast Sulawesi. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 9(2), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.9.2.86-96
Ziaei, S., Naved, R. T., Rahman, S. M., Rahman, A., & Ekström, E. (2021). Maternal Experience of Domestic Violence Before and During Pregnancy and Children’s Linear Growth at 15 Years: Findings from MINIMat trial in rural Bangladesh. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13175
Adebisi, Y. A., Ibrahim, K., Lucero-Prisno III, D. E., Ekpenyong, A., Micheal, A. I., Chinemelum, I. G., & Sina-Odunsi, A. B. (2019). Prevalence and Socio-Economic Impacts of Malnutrition Among Children in Uganda. Nutrition and Metabolic Insights, 12, 1178638819887398. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638819887398
Banerjee, A., Sen, S., Khan, J., Pal, M., & Bharati, P. (2022). Decadal Change in the Association Between the Status of Young Mother’s Body Mass Index and Anaemia with Child Low Birth Weight in India. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 147. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04486-5
Bappenas. (2020). Rpjmn 2020-2024. National Mid-Term Development Plan 2020-2024, 313. Retrieved from https://www.bappenas.go.id/id/data-dan...dan.../rpjmn-2015-2019/
D’Alonzo, K. T., & Garsman, L. (2020). The Impact of Childhood Growth Stunting and Post-Migration Dysbiosis on the Development of Metabolic Syndrome Among Indigenous Immigrant Mexican Women. Biological Research For Nursing, 22(4), 552–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800420941599
Delima, D., Neviyarni, N., Marjohan, M., Ifdil, I., & Afdal, A. (2023). Psychological Impact on Stunting Adolescents: Literature Review Study. REAL in Nursing Journal, 6(1), 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/rnj.v6i1.2233
Ekholuenetale, M., Barrow, A., Ekholuenetale, C. E., & Tudeme, G. (2020). Impact of Stunting on Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Benin: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey. Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette, 68(1), 1–11.
Fadjriah, R. N., Rusdianto, R., Herman, H., & Vidyanto, V. (2021). Factors Associated with the Stunting in Toddlers in the Work Area of Tikson Raya Public Health Center. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(E), 1207–1212. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6957
Ghimire, U., Papabathini, S. S., Kawuki, J., Obore, N., & Musa, T. H. (2021). Depression During Pregnancy and the Risk of Low Birth Weight, Preterm Birth and Intrauterine Growth Restriction-An Updated Meta-Analysis. Early Human Development, 152, 105243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105243
Heidkamp, R. A., Piwoz, E., Gillespie, S., Keats, E. C., D’Alimonte, M. R., Menon, P., … Bhutta, Z. A. (2021). Mobilising evidence, Data, and Resources to Achieve Global Maternal and Child Undernutrition Targets and the Sustainable Development Goals: An Agenda for Action. The Lancet, 397(10282), 1400–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00568-7
Ipa, A., Hartono, R., Sirajuddin, Amir, A., & Ishak, S. I. Z. S. (2020). Breast feeding Practice Prevention for Nutritional Stunting of Children in Buginese Ethnicity. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 14(3), 1108–1112. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088010882&partnerID=40&md5=bd656fde75f4860881f81bf8896fb5c2
Karlsson, O., Kim, R., Bogin, B., & Subramanian, S. (2022). Maternal Height-standardized Prevalence of Stunting in 67 Low- and Middle-income Countries. Journal of Epidemiology, 32(7), JE20200537. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE2020053
Kaur, S., Ng, C. M., Badon, S. E., Jalil, R. A., Maykanathan, D., Yim, H. S., & Jan Mohamed, H. J. (2019). Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight Among Rural and Urban Malaysian Women. BMC Public Health, 19(4), 1–10. 10.1186/s12889-019-6864-4
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2023). Hasil Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2022. Retrieved from https://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/uploads/contents/attachments/09fb5b8ccfdf088080f2521ff0b4374f.pdf
Latuihamallo, A., Margawati, A., Mexitalia, M., Ediati, A., & Syauqy, A. (2022). Differences in Development and Diet of Stunting and Non-Stunting Children in the Rowosari Health Center Work Area, Semarang, Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 10(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.10.2.161-167
Liu, W., Liu, Q., Liu, W., & Qiu, C. (2021). Maternal Risk Factors and Pregnancy Complications Associated with Low Birth Weight Neonates in Preterm Birth. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 47(9), 3196–3202. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.14830
Milani-Bonab, A., Kalantari, N., Takian, A., & Haghighian-Roudsari, A. (2023). Food and Agriculture, Nutrition and Health Related Policy Integration in Iran’s National Development Agenda and Their Alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(4), 3353–3378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02171-3
Nobile, S., Di Sipio Morgia, C., & Vento, G. (2022). Perinatal origins of Adult Disease and Opportunities for Health Promotion: A Narrative review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020157
Nugroho, M. R., Sasongko, R. N., & Kristiawan, M. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 2269-2276. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.1169
Ouedraogo, O., Doudou, M. H., Drabo, K. M., Garnier, D., Zagré, N. M., Sanou, D., … Donnen, P. (2020). Policy Overview of the Multisectoral Nutrition Planning Process: the Progress, Challenges, and Lessons Learned From Burkina Faso. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 35(1), 120–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2823
Pang, W. W., Tan, P. T., Cai, S., Fok, D., Chua, M. C., Lim, S. B., … Yap, F. (2020). Nutrients Or Nursing? Understanding How Breast Milk Feeding Affects Child Cognition. European Journal of Nutrition, 59, 609–619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-01929-2
Pangaribuan, I. K., Mutmainah, J., Sari, A. D., Rini, O., & Rachmat, A. (2022). The Effect of Booklet Media on Increasing Mother’s Knowledge in Stunting Prevention. Journal of Maternal and Child Health Sciences (JMCHS), 2(2), 214–218. https://doi.org/10.36086/maternalandchild.v2i2.1407
Sánchez, C., Franco, L., Regal, P., Lamas, A., Cepeda, A., & Fente, C. (2021). Breast Milk: A Source Of Functional Compounds with Potential Application in Nutrition and Therapy. Nutrients, 13(3), 1026. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031026
Shafaei, F. S., Mirghafourvand, M., & Havizari, S. (2020). The Effect of Prenatal Counseling on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Frequency of Breastfeeding Problems in Mothers with Previous Unsuccessful Breastfeeding: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. BMC Women’s Health, 20(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-00947-1
Speich, C., Barth-Jaeggi, T., Musard, C., Havugimana, C., Nwokoro, C., Gakuba, E., … Prytherch, H. (2023). Nutrition in City Ecosystems (NICE): Protocol of a Multi-Sectoral Development Project yo Improve Food and Nutrition Security of Secondary City Populations in Bangladesh, Kenya and Rwanda. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1081535
Sutarto, S. T. T., Kinanti, R., Susianti, S., & Roro, R. W. P. (2021). Relationship Between Low Born Weight (Lbw) and Stunting Events in Children (age 24-59 months). Indonesian Journal of Medical Anthropology, 2(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijma.v2i1.4696
Syaputri, D., Soedjadi, T. T. B., Manalu, S. M. H., Tanjung, R., & Rosana, D. (2023). The Relationship Between Household Drinking Water Quality and The Incidence of Stunting. Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, 5(1), 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i1.14890
Tanzil, L., & Hafriani, H. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan. Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati, 7(1), 25-31. Https://doi.org/10.33024/jkm.v7i1.3390,
Triana, N. Y., & Haniyah, S. (2020). Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding and Nutritional Intake with Stunting in Children in Karanglewas Health Center. In 1st International Conference on Community Health (ICCH 2019), 74–78). Atlantis Press.
Ware, J. L., Chen, A., Morrow, A. L., & Kmet, J. (2019). Associations Between Breastfeeding Initiation and Infant Mortality in an Urban Population. Breastfeeding Medicine, 14(7), 465–474. 10.1089/bfm.2019.0067
World Health Organization. (2022). Stunting prevalence Among Children Under 5 Years Of Age (%) (Model-Based Estimates). Global Health Observatory Data Repository, 35. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-jme-stunting-prevalence
Wulandari, N., Margawati, A., & Rahfiludin, Z. (2021). The implementation of nutrition improvement programs for underweight children, wasting and stunting in the Department of Health, Central Buton district, Southeast Sulawesi. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 9(2), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.9.2.86-96
Ziaei, S., Naved, R. T., Rahman, S. M., Rahman, A., & Ekström, E. (2021). Maternal Experience of Domestic Violence Before and During Pregnancy and Children’s Linear Growth at 15 Years: Findings from MINIMat trial in rural Bangladesh. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13175
Published
2023-12-10
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Copyright (c) 2023 Ayu Ekanita Hendrayani, Sri Widati, Nur Aisiyah Widjaja
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