Strategi Peningkatan Budaya Pelaporan Patient Safety di Rumah Sakit
Abstract
This study aims to summarize previous research findings on strategies to enhance patient safety reporting culture in hospitals using a literature review method through searching seven databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Garuda, and Google Scholar) spanning from 2013 to 2023. Result, Ten studies met the criteria, resulting in the identification of eleven strategies to enhance patient safety reporting culture in hospitals. These strategies include: feedback, interprofessional collaboration and communication, non-punitive response to errors, clear standards or guidelines, patient safety training, simplification of procedures, increasing nurse awareness and socialization of mandatory reporting incidents, implementing a learning from mistakes approach, transparency, implementation of an implementation framework, and expectations and promotion of patient safety by superiors. In conclusion, this review provides evidence regarding strategies to improve patient safety reporting culture in hospitals, where the most reported strategy is feedback; interprofessional cooperation and communication; non-punitive response to mistakes; and clear guidelines regarding reporting.
Keywords: Patient Safety Culture; Hospital; Improvement Strategy
References
Adnyani, N. L. G. S., Nugraha, I. N. A., & Rudiartha, I. G. L. M. (2022). Evaluasi Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Karangasem. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 8(4), 537–549. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v8i4.1217
Cho, S. M., & Choi, J. S. (2018). Patient Safety Culture Associated with Patient Safety Competencies Among Registered Nurses. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 50(5), 549–557. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12413
Ekaningtyas, A., & Salim, N. A. (2023). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien oleh Perawat di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta. Jurnal Surya Muda, 5(1), 90–103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38102/jsm.v5i1.187
Espin, S., Carter, C., Janes, N., & McAllister, M. (2019). Exploring Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions of Incidents and Incident Reporting in Rehabilitation Settings. Journal of Patient Safety, 15(2), 154–160. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000214
Harsul, W., Syahrul, S., & Majid, A. (2018). Penerapan Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tipe B Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 119–126. http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/panritaabdi%0A119
Hung, C.-C., Chu, T.-P., Lee, B.-O., & Hsiao, C.-C. (2016). Nurses’ Attitude and Intention of Medication Administration Error Reporting. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(3–4), 445–453. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13071
Jungbauer, K. L., Loewenbrück, K., Reichmann, H., Wendsche, J., & Wegge, J. (2018). How Does Leadership Influence Incident Reporting Intention in Healthcare? A Dual Process Model of Leader–Member Exchange. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(1), 27–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002217745315
Kim, K. J., Yoo, M. S., & Seo, E. J. (2018). Exploring the Influence of Nursing Work Environment and Patient Safety Culture on Missed Nursing Care in Korea. Asian Nursing Research, 12(2), 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2018.04.003
Koike, D., Ito, M., Horiguchi, A., Yatsuya, H., & Ota, A. (2022). Implementation Strategies for the Patient Safety Reporting System Using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research: A Retrospective Mixed‑Method Analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-078224
Lee, W., Kim, S. Y., Lee, S. il, Lee, S. G., Kim, H. C., & Kim, I. (2018). Barriers to Reporting of Patient Safety Incidents in Tertiary Hospitals: A Qualitative Study of Nurses and Resident Physicians in South Korea. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2616
Najihah. (2018). Budaya Keselamatan Pasien dan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit: Literature Review. Journal of Islamic Nursing, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24252/join.v3i1.5469
Patmawati, T. A., & Djano, N. A. R. (2020). Analisis Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien Pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Sawerigading Palopo. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 5(2), 202–208. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v5i2.6514
Patmawati, T. A., Woge, Y., Rif’atunnisa, Secunda, M. S., & Amir, H. (2022). Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien Pada Perawat. Jurnal Keperawatan, 14(2), 465–472. https://doi.org/e-ISSN 2549-8118; p-ISSN 2085-1049
Permenkes. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2017 Tentang Keselamatan Pasien.
Pratiwi, A., & Fatmasari, Y. (2017). Analisis Persepsi Perawat Terhadap Budaya Keselamatan Pasien Dengan Pendekatan Institute For Healthcare Improvement di RSJD DR. Amino Gondohutomo Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan MasyarakatUndip, 5(1), 32–39. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm
Rashed, A., & Hamdan, M. (2019). Physicians’ and Nurses’ Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward Incident Reporting in Palestinian Hospitals. Journal of Patient Safety, 15(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000218
Skutezky, T., Small, S. S., Peddie, D., Balka, E., & Hohl, C. M. (2022). Beliefs and Perceptions of Patient Safety Event Reporting in a Canadian Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(8), 867–875. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s43678-022-00400-2
Tartaglia Reis, C., Paiva, S. G., & Sousa, P. (2018). The Patient Safety Culture: A Systematic Review by Characteristics of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture Dimensions. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 30(9), 660–677. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzy080
Verbakel, N. J., Langelaan, M., Verheij, T. J., Wagner, C., & Zwart, D. L. (2015). Effects of Patient Safety Culture Interventions on Incident Reporting in General Practice: A Cluster Randomised Trial. British Journal of General Practice, 65(634), e319–e329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp15X684853
Wanda, M. Y., Nursalam, N., & Wahyudi, A. S. (2020). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien pada Perawat. Fundamental and Management Nursing Journal, 3(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/ 10.20473/fmnj.v2i2.17284
WHO. (2019). Patient Safety. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/patient-safety
Cho, S. M., & Choi, J. S. (2018). Patient Safety Culture Associated with Patient Safety Competencies Among Registered Nurses. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 50(5), 549–557. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12413
Ekaningtyas, A., & Salim, N. A. (2023). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien oleh Perawat di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul Yogyakarta. Jurnal Surya Muda, 5(1), 90–103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38102/jsm.v5i1.187
Espin, S., Carter, C., Janes, N., & McAllister, M. (2019). Exploring Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions of Incidents and Incident Reporting in Rehabilitation Settings. Journal of Patient Safety, 15(2), 154–160. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000214
Harsul, W., Syahrul, S., & Majid, A. (2018). Penerapan Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tipe B Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 119–126. http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/panritaabdi%0A119
Hung, C.-C., Chu, T.-P., Lee, B.-O., & Hsiao, C.-C. (2016). Nurses’ Attitude and Intention of Medication Administration Error Reporting. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(3–4), 445–453. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13071
Jungbauer, K. L., Loewenbrück, K., Reichmann, H., Wendsche, J., & Wegge, J. (2018). How Does Leadership Influence Incident Reporting Intention in Healthcare? A Dual Process Model of Leader–Member Exchange. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(1), 27–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002217745315
Kim, K. J., Yoo, M. S., & Seo, E. J. (2018). Exploring the Influence of Nursing Work Environment and Patient Safety Culture on Missed Nursing Care in Korea. Asian Nursing Research, 12(2), 121–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2018.04.003
Koike, D., Ito, M., Horiguchi, A., Yatsuya, H., & Ota, A. (2022). Implementation Strategies for the Patient Safety Reporting System Using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research: A Retrospective Mixed‑Method Analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-078224
Lee, W., Kim, S. Y., Lee, S. il, Lee, S. G., Kim, H. C., & Kim, I. (2018). Barriers to Reporting of Patient Safety Incidents in Tertiary Hospitals: A Qualitative Study of Nurses and Resident Physicians in South Korea. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2616
Najihah. (2018). Budaya Keselamatan Pasien dan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit: Literature Review. Journal of Islamic Nursing, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24252/join.v3i1.5469
Patmawati, T. A., & Djano, N. A. R. (2020). Analisis Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien Pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Sawerigading Palopo. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 5(2), 202–208. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v5i2.6514
Patmawati, T. A., Woge, Y., Rif’atunnisa, Secunda, M. S., & Amir, H. (2022). Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Budaya Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien Pada Perawat. Jurnal Keperawatan, 14(2), 465–472. https://doi.org/e-ISSN 2549-8118; p-ISSN 2085-1049
Permenkes. (2017). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2017 Tentang Keselamatan Pasien.
Pratiwi, A., & Fatmasari, Y. (2017). Analisis Persepsi Perawat Terhadap Budaya Keselamatan Pasien Dengan Pendekatan Institute For Healthcare Improvement di RSJD DR. Amino Gondohutomo Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan MasyarakatUndip, 5(1), 32–39. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm
Rashed, A., & Hamdan, M. (2019). Physicians’ and Nurses’ Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward Incident Reporting in Palestinian Hospitals. Journal of Patient Safety, 15(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000218
Skutezky, T., Small, S. S., Peddie, D., Balka, E., & Hohl, C. M. (2022). Beliefs and Perceptions of Patient Safety Event Reporting in a Canadian Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(8), 867–875. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s43678-022-00400-2
Tartaglia Reis, C., Paiva, S. G., & Sousa, P. (2018). The Patient Safety Culture: A Systematic Review by Characteristics of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture Dimensions. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 30(9), 660–677. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzy080
Verbakel, N. J., Langelaan, M., Verheij, T. J., Wagner, C., & Zwart, D. L. (2015). Effects of Patient Safety Culture Interventions on Incident Reporting in General Practice: A Cluster Randomised Trial. British Journal of General Practice, 65(634), e319–e329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp15X684853
Wanda, M. Y., Nursalam, N., & Wahyudi, A. S. (2020). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pelaporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien pada Perawat. Fundamental and Management Nursing Journal, 3(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/ 10.20473/fmnj.v2i2.17284
WHO. (2019). Patient Safety. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/patient-safety
