Latihan Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif Meningkatkan Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Bawah dan Rentang Gerak Sendi Lansia
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of active Range of Motion (ROM) training on increasing lower extremity muscle strength and joint range of motion in the elderly. A total of 55 elderly people who live in the work area of a community health center with complaints of activity disruption were respondents to this study. The research design used was pre-experimental with a one group pretest-posttest design. In the first stage, a pre-test is carried out to assess lower extremity muscle strength and joint range of motion before administering the procedure. Next, the Range of Motion (ROM) exercise is given once, followed by a return measurement after the action. The results of measurements before and after administering the action were analyzed using the Paired T test. It was found that there was a significant increase in lower extremity muscle strength and joint range of motion in the elderly after active ROM training. This shows that active ROM training is effective in increasing muscle strength and joint range of motion in the elderly. It can be concluded that active Range of Motion (ROM) training is an effective method and can be integrated into fitness programs for the elderly to improve muscle health and joint function. Regular implementation of this exercise can be a strategy in promoting the health of the elderly and minimizing the risk of decreased physical function due to aging.
Keywords: ROM Training, Muscle Strength, Range of Motion, Degenerative Disorders, Aging
References
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Armiyati, Y., & Prasetyo, E. (2022). Immunity dalam Dunia Kesehatan. Global Aksara Pers.
Ayu Larasati, Iksan, R. R., & Buntar Handayani. (2021). Application Of Active Range Of Motion In Nursing Services and Care in Elderly With Stroke. Comprehensive Health Care, 5(2), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.37362/jch.v5i2.592
Azkia, Z., Setiyani, R., & Kusumawardani, L. H. (2021). Balance Strategy Exercise Versus Lower Limb-Rom Exercise for Reducing the Risk of Falls Among Older People. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 11(1), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.14710/NMJN.V11I1.33229
Bofill Rodriguez, M., Lethaby, A., & Jordan, V. (2020). Progestogen-Releasing Intrauterine Systems for Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002126.pub4
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Faridah, A. A., Noor Istiqomah, I., Kurnianto, S., & Khovifah, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of Range of Motion (ROM) on Increasing Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients: Literature Review. Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ), 2(2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.53713/nhs.v2i2.118
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Freiberger, C., Thomas, C. M., Lupica, G. M., O’Connell, S., Stamm, M. A., & Mulcahey, M. K. (2023). Hip Range of Motion During Passive and 1-Leg Exercises Is Greater in Women: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2023.04.006
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Junker, D., & Stöggl, T. (2019). The Training Effects of Foam Rolling on Core Strength Endurance, Balance, Muscle Performance and Range of Motion: A randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 18(2), 229–238.
Kassiano, W., Costa, B., Kunevaliki, G., Soares, D., Zacarias, G., Manske, I., Takaki, Y., Ruggiero, M. F., Stavinski, N., Francsuel, J., Tricoli, I., Carneiro, M. A. S., & Cyrino, E. S. (2023). Greater Gastrocnemius Muscle Hypertrophy After Partial Range of Motion Training Performed at Long Muscle Lengths. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 37(9), 1746–1753. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000004460
Kaya, D., Guney-Deniz, H., Sayaca, C., Calik, M., & Doral, M. N. (2019). Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction. BioMed Research International, 2019, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1694695
Kim, S., & Jang, S. (2023). Immediate Effects of Ankle Mobilization on Range of Motion, Balance, and Muscle Activity in Elderly Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Pre-Post Intervention Study. Medical Science Monitor, 29, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.941398
Lim, E. J., & Hyun, E. J. (2021). The Impacts of Pilates and Yoga on Health-Promoting Behaviors and Subjective Health Status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073802
Lubis, Z. (2021). Efektivitas Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif dan Latihan Isometrik Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Bawah Pada Lansia. Jurnal Social Library, 1(3), 124–127. https://doi.org/10.51849/sl.v1i3.57
M, R., & Fajri, J. Al. (2021). Pengaruh Range Of Motion Aktif terhadap Pemulihan Kekuatan Otot dan Sendi Pasien Post Op Fraktur Ekstremitas di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Muara Kumpeh. Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi, 10(2), 324. https://doi.org/10.36565/jab.v10i2.343
Molina, N. M., Sola-Leyva, A., Jose Saez-Lara, M., Plaza-Diaz, J., Tubic-Pavlovic, A., Romero, B., Clavero, A., Mozas-Moreno, J., Fontes, J., & Altmäe, S. (2020). New Opportunities for Endometrial Health by Modifying Uterine Microbial Composition: Present Or Future? Biomolecules, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10040593
Mussi, C. (2016). Geriatric Syndromes. Managing the Older Adult Patient with HIV, 4(1), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20131-3_7
O’Bryan, S. J., Giuliano, C., Woessner, M. N., Vogrin, S., Smith, C., Duque, G., & Levinger, I. (2022). Progressive Resistance Training for Concomitant Increases in Muscle Strength and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(8), 1939–1960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2
Pranata, L., Koernawan, D., & Daeli, N. E. (2019, October). Efektifitas Rom Terhadap Gerak Rentang Sendi Lansia. In Proceeding Seminar Nasional Keperawatan, 5(1), 110-117. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=P7b7zewAAAAJ&hl=id&oi=sra
Purba, S. D., Sidiq, B., Purba, I. K., Hutapea, E., Silalahi, K. L., Sucahyo, D., & Dian, D. (2022). Efektivitas ROM (Range of Motion) terhadap Kekuatan Otot pada Pasien Stroke di Rumah Sakit Royal Prima Tahun 2021. JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan), 7(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.30829/jumantik.v7i1.10952
Setyorini, A., & Setyaningrum, N. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Range of Motion (Rom) Aktif Assitif terhadap Rentang Gerak Sendi pada Lansia yang Mengalami Immobilisasi Fisik. Surya Medika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan Dan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(2), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.32504/sm.v13i2.116
Srinayanti, Y., Widianti, W., Andriani, D., Firdaus, F. A., & Setiawan, H. (2021). Range of Motion Exercise to Improve Muscle Strength among Stroke Patients: A Literature Review. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 4(3), 332–343. https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v4i3.464
Sustika, A. M. (2022). The 4 th International Agronursing Conference “Optimizing The Role of Nursing and Health Professionals to Enhance Health Care Quality in The New Normal Era” Effectiveness of Range of Motion to Increase Joint Motion Range in Stroke Patients. Kesehatan, 2(0331), 45–52. https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/article/view/26690
Ulenaers, D., Grosemans, J., Schrooten, W., & Bergs, J. (2021). Clinical placement experience of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 99(August 2020), 104746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104746
Wang, C., Zhao, X., Sun, Z., Yao, N., Zhang, A., & Guo, S. (2021). Improvement of cardiovascular function health level by regular sports. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 27(3), 278–281. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127032021_0087
Yang, S. Y., Lan, S. J., Yen, Y. Y., Hsieh, Y. P., Kung, P. T., & Lan, S. H. (2020). Effects of Exercise on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Asian Nursing Research, 14(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2020.01.003
Zarei, H., Norasteh, A. A., & Koohboomi, M. (2020). The Relationship Between Muscle Strength and Range of Motion in Lower Extremity With Balance and Risk of Falling in Elderl. Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy, 10(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.32598/ptj.10.1.430.1
Zhai, M., Huang, Y., Zhou, S., Jin, Y., Feng, J., Pei, C., Wen, L., & Wen’s, L. (2023). Effects of age-related changes in trunk and lower limb range of motion on gait. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 24(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06301-4
Zhang, Z., & Zhang, M. (2023). Effect of different ankle braces on lower extremity kinematics and kinetics following special-induced fatigue for volleyball players with functional ankle instability. Heliyon, 9(6), e16380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16380
Alves, M. da S., Almeida, M. A. M., Gomes, C. de B., Ferrari, A. P., Parada, C. M. G. de L., & Carvalhaes, M. A. de B. L. (2020). Longer Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding Reduces Maternal Weight Retention: Results from the Clab Study. Revista Brasileira de Saude Materno Infantil, 20(1), 273–284. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000100015
Andrianti, S., Marlena, F., & Septiawan, A. (2020). Pengaruh Range of Motion (Rom) Aktif dan Pasif terhadap Rentang Gerak pada Lansia yang Mengalami Artitis Rematoid di Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Media Kesehatan, 13(2), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v13i2.576
Armiyati, Y., & Prasetyo, E. (2022). Immunity dalam Dunia Kesehatan. Global Aksara Pers.
Ayu Larasati, Iksan, R. R., & Buntar Handayani. (2021). Application Of Active Range Of Motion In Nursing Services and Care in Elderly With Stroke. Comprehensive Health Care, 5(2), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.37362/jch.v5i2.592
Azkia, Z., Setiyani, R., & Kusumawardani, L. H. (2021). Balance Strategy Exercise Versus Lower Limb-Rom Exercise for Reducing the Risk of Falls Among Older People. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 11(1), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.14710/NMJN.V11I1.33229
Bofill Rodriguez, M., Lethaby, A., & Jordan, V. (2020). Progestogen-Releasing Intrauterine Systems for Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002126.pub4
Conference, I., & Health, O. (2020). Effect of the Marmet Technique towards the smoothness of breast milk Expression for the mother post partum in BPM Palembang City. ICoHSST, 100–105.
Faridah, A. A., Noor Istiqomah, I., Kurnianto, S., & Khovifah, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of Range of Motion (ROM) on Increasing Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients: Literature Review. Nursing and Health Sciences Journal (NHSJ), 2(2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.53713/nhs.v2i2.118
Fernandez, R., Lord, H., & Halcomb, et al. (2020). Implications for COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Nurses’ Experiences of Working in Acute Care Hospital Settings During A Respiratory Pandemic. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 111, 103637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103637
Freiberger, C., Thomas, C. M., Lupica, G. M., O’Connell, S., Stamm, M. A., & Mulcahey, M. K. (2023). Hip Range of Motion During Passive and 1-Leg Exercises Is Greater in Women: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2023.04.006
Grede, N., Rieckert, A., Muth, J., Steinbuck, J., Weissbach, S., Schneider, A., Weber-Schicker, B., Freiberger, E., Jegan, N., Donner-Banzhoff, N., & Sönnichsen, A. (2021). A Volunteer-Supported Walking Programme to Improve Physical Function in Older People (The POWER Study): Study Protocol For A Randomised Controlled Trial. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01988-9
Hartinah, S., Pranata, L., & Koerniawan, D. (2019). Efektivitas Range of Motion (Rom) Aktif terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Atas dan Ekstremitas Bawah pada Lansia. Publikasi Penelitian Terapan Dan Kebijakan, 2(2), 113–121. https://doi.org/10.46774/pptk.v2i2.87
Hu, W., Wang, G., Huang, D., Sui, M., & Xu, Y. (2019). Cancer Immunotherapy Based on Natural Killer Cells: Current Progress and New Opportunities. Frontiers in Immunology, 10(MAY), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01205
Jung, H., Miki, Y., Tanaka, R., & Yamasaki, M. (2020). The Effects of a Multicomponent Lower Extremity Training Technique on Physical Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, 6, 233372142093570. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333721420935702
Junker, D., & Stöggl, T. (2019). The Training Effects of Foam Rolling on Core Strength Endurance, Balance, Muscle Performance and Range of Motion: A randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 18(2), 229–238.
Kassiano, W., Costa, B., Kunevaliki, G., Soares, D., Zacarias, G., Manske, I., Takaki, Y., Ruggiero, M. F., Stavinski, N., Francsuel, J., Tricoli, I., Carneiro, M. A. S., & Cyrino, E. S. (2023). Greater Gastrocnemius Muscle Hypertrophy After Partial Range of Motion Training Performed at Long Muscle Lengths. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 37(9), 1746–1753. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000004460
Kaya, D., Guney-Deniz, H., Sayaca, C., Calik, M., & Doral, M. N. (2019). Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction. BioMed Research International, 2019, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1694695
Kim, S., & Jang, S. (2023). Immediate Effects of Ankle Mobilization on Range of Motion, Balance, and Muscle Activity in Elderly Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Pre-Post Intervention Study. Medical Science Monitor, 29, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.941398
Lim, E. J., & Hyun, E. J. (2021). The Impacts of Pilates and Yoga on Health-Promoting Behaviors and Subjective Health Status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073802
Lubis, Z. (2021). Efektivitas Range of Motion (ROM) Aktif dan Latihan Isometrik Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Bawah Pada Lansia. Jurnal Social Library, 1(3), 124–127. https://doi.org/10.51849/sl.v1i3.57
M, R., & Fajri, J. Al. (2021). Pengaruh Range Of Motion Aktif terhadap Pemulihan Kekuatan Otot dan Sendi Pasien Post Op Fraktur Ekstremitas di Wilayah Kerja Puskemas Muara Kumpeh. Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi, 10(2), 324. https://doi.org/10.36565/jab.v10i2.343
Molina, N. M., Sola-Leyva, A., Jose Saez-Lara, M., Plaza-Diaz, J., Tubic-Pavlovic, A., Romero, B., Clavero, A., Mozas-Moreno, J., Fontes, J., & Altmäe, S. (2020). New Opportunities for Endometrial Health by Modifying Uterine Microbial Composition: Present Or Future? Biomolecules, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10040593
Mussi, C. (2016). Geriatric Syndromes. Managing the Older Adult Patient with HIV, 4(1), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20131-3_7
O’Bryan, S. J., Giuliano, C., Woessner, M. N., Vogrin, S., Smith, C., Duque, G., & Levinger, I. (2022). Progressive Resistance Training for Concomitant Increases in Muscle Strength and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(8), 1939–1960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2
Pranata, L., Koernawan, D., & Daeli, N. E. (2019, October). Efektifitas Rom Terhadap Gerak Rentang Sendi Lansia. In Proceeding Seminar Nasional Keperawatan, 5(1), 110-117. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=P7b7zewAAAAJ&hl=id&oi=sra
Purba, S. D., Sidiq, B., Purba, I. K., Hutapea, E., Silalahi, K. L., Sucahyo, D., & Dian, D. (2022). Efektivitas ROM (Range of Motion) terhadap Kekuatan Otot pada Pasien Stroke di Rumah Sakit Royal Prima Tahun 2021. JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan), 7(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.30829/jumantik.v7i1.10952
Setyorini, A., & Setyaningrum, N. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Range of Motion (Rom) Aktif Assitif terhadap Rentang Gerak Sendi pada Lansia yang Mengalami Immobilisasi Fisik. Surya Medika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan Dan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(2), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.32504/sm.v13i2.116
Srinayanti, Y., Widianti, W., Andriani, D., Firdaus, F. A., & Setiawan, H. (2021). Range of Motion Exercise to Improve Muscle Strength among Stroke Patients: A Literature Review. International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS), 4(3), 332–343. https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v4i3.464
Sustika, A. M. (2022). The 4 th International Agronursing Conference “Optimizing The Role of Nursing and Health Professionals to Enhance Health Care Quality in The New Normal Era” Effectiveness of Range of Motion to Increase Joint Motion Range in Stroke Patients. Kesehatan, 2(0331), 45–52. https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/article/view/26690
Ulenaers, D., Grosemans, J., Schrooten, W., & Bergs, J. (2021). Clinical placement experience of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 99(August 2020), 104746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104746
Wang, C., Zhao, X., Sun, Z., Yao, N., Zhang, A., & Guo, S. (2021). Improvement of cardiovascular function health level by regular sports. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 27(3), 278–281. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127032021_0087
Yang, S. Y., Lan, S. J., Yen, Y. Y., Hsieh, Y. P., Kung, P. T., & Lan, S. H. (2020). Effects of Exercise on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Asian Nursing Research, 14(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2020.01.003
Zarei, H., Norasteh, A. A., & Koohboomi, M. (2020). The Relationship Between Muscle Strength and Range of Motion in Lower Extremity With Balance and Risk of Falling in Elderl. Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy, 10(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.32598/ptj.10.1.430.1
Zhai, M., Huang, Y., Zhou, S., Jin, Y., Feng, J., Pei, C., Wen, L., & Wen’s, L. (2023). Effects of age-related changes in trunk and lower limb range of motion on gait. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 24(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06301-4
Zhang, Z., & Zhang, M. (2023). Effect of different ankle braces on lower extremity kinematics and kinetics following special-induced fatigue for volleyball players with functional ankle instability. Heliyon, 9(6), e16380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16380
Published
2023-12-23
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2023 Detiana Detiana, Abdul Somad, Lusiana Lusiana
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