Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Depresi pada Remaja
Abstract
This study aims to build a family empowerment model in an effort to prevent depression in adolescents for their families, adolescents, and community mental health nurses in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. This research method uses a sequential explanatory design. The results of the study showed that there was no significant relationship between individual characteristics and the incidence of adolescent depression. There was a significant relationship between family emotional support and instrumental support with depression in adolescents. The results of this study conclude that families are expected to be able to foster good communication with children, especially adolescents.
Keywords: Depression, Family Empowerment Model, Adolescents
References
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Dworkin, J., & Serido, J. (2017). The Role of Families in Supporting Social and Emotional Learning. Youth Development Issue Brief, 1–5. https://conservancy.umn.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/c85cba3f-63e0-49ca-9345-f990cbb1edaa/content
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Gomez-Baya, D., Čikeš, A. B., Hirnstein, M., Kurtović, A., Vrdoljak, G., & Wiium, N. (2022). Positive Youth Development and Depression: An Examination of Gender Differences in Croatia and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2021.689354
Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, X., Jiang, Y., Cai, H., Deng, Y., Luo, Y., Zhao, L., Liu, Q., Luo, S., Wang, Y., Zhao, L., Jiang, M., & Wu, Y. (2023). A Cross-Sectional Study: Family Communication, Anxiety, and Depression in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Family Violence and Problematic Internet Use. BMC Public Health, 23, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16637-0
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Kahana, E., Bhatta, T. R., Kahana, B., & Lekhak, N. (2021). Loving Others: The Impact of Compassionate Love on Later-Life Psychological Well-Being. Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 76(2), 391–402. https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronb%2Fgbaa188
Kemenkes. (2021). Kemenkes Beberkan Masalah Permasalahan Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20211007/1338675/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia/
Khatimah, C. H., Adami, A., Abdullah, A., & Marthoenis, M. (2022). Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Family Functioning of Schizophrenia Caregivers: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 14(1): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12467
Lee, D., & Lee, S. (2023). The Influence of Social Withdrawal and Depression on the Self-Esteem of Female Adolescents: The Mediating Effect of Grit. PLoS ONE, 18(7), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288530
Mehulić, J., & Kamenov, Z. (2021). Mental Health in Affectionate, Antagonistic, and Ambivalent Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Latent Profile Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631615
Meyer, D., Kemper-Damm, B., Parola, F., & Salas, J. (2019). Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Men’s Relationship Satisfaction. Family Journal 27(1), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480718809058
Powell, S. K. (2022). The Science of Gratitude. Professional Case Management, 27(6), 261–62. https://doi.org/10.1097/ncm.0000000000000602
Purba, M. A., & Daulay, W. (2022). Early Detection of Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CARING: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science (IJNS), 4(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v4i2.9489
Romero-Acosta, K., Gomez-de-Regil, L., Lowe, G. A., Lipps, G. E., & Gibson, R.C. (2021). Parenting Styles, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Child/Adolescent. International Journal of Psychological Research, 14(1), 12–32. https://doi.org/10.21500%2F20112084.4704
Schlax, J., Jünger, C., Beutel, M. E., Münzel, T., Pfeiffer, N., Wild, P., Blettner, M., Kerahrodi, J. G., Wiltink, J., & Michal, M. (2019). Income and Education Predict Elevated Depressive Symptoms in the General Population: Results from the Gutenberg Health Study. BMC public health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6730-4
Streit, F., Zillich, L., Frank, J., Kleineidam, L., Wagner, M., Baune, B. T., Klinger-König, J., Grabe, H. J., Pabst, A., Riedel-Heller, S. G., Schmiedek, F., Schmidt, B., Erhardt, A., Deckert, J., NAKO Investigators, Rietschel, M., & Berger, K. (2023). Lifetime and Current Depression in the German National Cohort (NAKO). World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 24(10), 865–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2021.2014152
Vijay, C., Gonsalves, K., & Ramesh, N. (2022). Parenting Styles and Mental Health of Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in South India. Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 27(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_176_20
Yaffe, Y. (2021). A Narrative Review of the Relationship between Parenting and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 26(1), 449–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2021.1980067
Zagefka, H., Jones, J., Caglar, A., Girish, R., & Matos, C. (2021). Family Roles, Family Dysfunction, and Depressive Symptoms. The Family Journal, 29(3), 346-353. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480720973418
Zaki, S. M., Elmagd, M. H. A., & Elwafa, N. F. A. (2019). Parental Style and its Relation to Adolescents’ Self-Concept and Depression. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 10(11), 1480-1487. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v11i1.1025
Zhang, P., Ye, L., Fu, F., & Zhang, L. G. (2021). The Influence of Gratitude on the Meaning of Life: The Mediating Effect of Family Function and Peer Relationship. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.680795
Zimmermann, G., Antonietti, J., Megeau, G. A., & Mouton, B. (2022). Parents’ Storm and Stress Beliefs about Adolescence: Relations with Parental Overprotection and Parental Burnout. Swiss Psychology Open, 2(1), 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/spo.31
Arifansyah, J., Suswandari, S., & Bandarsyah, D. (2023). Implementation of Multicultural Education Perspective Based on Islamic Values Facing the Post-Truth Era in Sociology Social Studies Learning. Harmoni Sosial: Jurnal Pendidikan IPS, 10(1), 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/hsjpi.v10i1.57861
Azalia, D. H., Putri, T. H., & Fujiana, F. (2021). Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Stres pada Remaja selama Pandemi COVID-19 di SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Raya. Tanjungpura Journal of Nursing Practice and Education, 3(2), 12–24. https://dx.doi.org/10.26418/tjnpe.v3i2.52076
Badamas, O. L., Uyanne, E. O., & Ifinju, I. O. (2023). Impact of Family Dysfunction on The Psychological Wellbeing of Pupils in Inclusive Schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Journal of Educational Sciences 7(3): 369-381. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jes.7.3.p.369-381
Beutel, M. E., Wiltink, J., Kerahrodi, J. G., Tibubos, A. N., Brähler, E., Schulz, A., Wild, P., Münzel, T., Lackner, K., König, J., Pfeiffer, N., Michal, M., & Henning, M. (2019). Somatic Symptom Load in Men and Women from Middle to High Age in the Gutenberg Health Study - Association with Psychosocial and Somatic Factors. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40709-0
Chairurrijal, C., Abdullah, A., Nurjannah, N., Marthoenis, M., & Adamy, A. (2019). The Relationship between Disability and Mental Disorders in Aceh Province (Analisis Hubungan Disabilitas Dengan Gangguan Mental Emosional (GME) di Provinsi Aceh). Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 6(2), 54–63. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335675978_The_Relationship_between_Disability_and_Mental_Disorders_in_Aceh_Province_Analisis_Hubungan_Disabilitas_Dengan_Gangguan_Mental_Emosional_GME_di_Provinsi_Aceh
Darwin, Z., Domoney, J., Illes, J., Bristow, F., Mcleish, J., & Sethna, V. (2021). Involving and Supporting Partners and Other Family Members in Specialist Perinatal Mental Health Services: Good Practice Guide. Mental Health Service. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349966442_Involving_and_supporting_partners_and_other_family_members_in_specialist_perinatal_mental_health_services_Good_practice_guide
DeLeon, P. H., & VandenBos, G. R. (2022). Psychological Services: A Wonderful Journey. Psychological services 19(4), 605–606. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000699
Dworkin, J., & Serido, J. (2017). The Role of Families in Supporting Social and Emotional Learning. Youth Development Issue Brief, 1–5. https://conservancy.umn.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/c85cba3f-63e0-49ca-9345-f990cbb1edaa/content
Fakhrou, A. A.,. Adawi, T. R., Ghareeb, S. A., Elsherbiny, A. M., & AlFalasi, M. M. (2023). Role of Family in Supporting Children with Mental Disorders in Qatar. Heliyon, 9(8), e18914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18914
Gomez-Baya, D., Čikeš, A. B., Hirnstein, M., Kurtović, A., Vrdoljak, G., & Wiium, N. (2022). Positive Youth Development and Depression: An Examination of Gender Differences in Croatia and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2021.689354
Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, X., Jiang, Y., Cai, H., Deng, Y., Luo, Y., Zhao, L., Liu, Q., Luo, S., Wang, Y., Zhao, L., Jiang, M., & Wu, Y. (2023). A Cross-Sectional Study: Family Communication, Anxiety, and Depression in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Family Violence and Problematic Internet Use. BMC Public Health, 23, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16637-0
Izzo, F., Baiocco, R., & Pistella, J. (2022). Children’s and Adolescents’ Happiness and Family Functioning: A Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416593
Kahana, E., Bhatta, T. R., Kahana, B., & Lekhak, N. (2021). Loving Others: The Impact of Compassionate Love on Later-Life Psychological Well-Being. Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 76(2), 391–402. https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronb%2Fgbaa188
Kemenkes. (2021). Kemenkes Beberkan Masalah Permasalahan Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilis-media/20211007/1338675/kemenkes-beberkan-masalah-permasalahan-kesehatan-jiwa-di-indonesia/
Khatimah, C. H., Adami, A., Abdullah, A., & Marthoenis, M. (2022). Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Family Functioning of Schizophrenia Caregivers: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 14(1): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12467
Lee, D., & Lee, S. (2023). The Influence of Social Withdrawal and Depression on the Self-Esteem of Female Adolescents: The Mediating Effect of Grit. PLoS ONE, 18(7), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288530
Mehulić, J., & Kamenov, Z. (2021). Mental Health in Affectionate, Antagonistic, and Ambivalent Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Latent Profile Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631615
Meyer, D., Kemper-Damm, B., Parola, F., & Salas, J. (2019). Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Men’s Relationship Satisfaction. Family Journal 27(1), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480718809058
Powell, S. K. (2022). The Science of Gratitude. Professional Case Management, 27(6), 261–62. https://doi.org/10.1097/ncm.0000000000000602
Purba, M. A., & Daulay, W. (2022). Early Detection of Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CARING: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science (IJNS), 4(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.32734/ijns.v4i2.9489
Romero-Acosta, K., Gomez-de-Regil, L., Lowe, G. A., Lipps, G. E., & Gibson, R.C. (2021). Parenting Styles, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Child/Adolescent. International Journal of Psychological Research, 14(1), 12–32. https://doi.org/10.21500%2F20112084.4704
Schlax, J., Jünger, C., Beutel, M. E., Münzel, T., Pfeiffer, N., Wild, P., Blettner, M., Kerahrodi, J. G., Wiltink, J., & Michal, M. (2019). Income and Education Predict Elevated Depressive Symptoms in the General Population: Results from the Gutenberg Health Study. BMC public health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6730-4
Streit, F., Zillich, L., Frank, J., Kleineidam, L., Wagner, M., Baune, B. T., Klinger-König, J., Grabe, H. J., Pabst, A., Riedel-Heller, S. G., Schmiedek, F., Schmidt, B., Erhardt, A., Deckert, J., NAKO Investigators, Rietschel, M., & Berger, K. (2023). Lifetime and Current Depression in the German National Cohort (NAKO). World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 24(10), 865–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2021.2014152
Vijay, C., Gonsalves, K., & Ramesh, N. (2022). Parenting Styles and Mental Health of Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in South India. Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 27(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_176_20
Yaffe, Y. (2021). A Narrative Review of the Relationship between Parenting and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 26(1), 449–459. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2021.1980067
Zagefka, H., Jones, J., Caglar, A., Girish, R., & Matos, C. (2021). Family Roles, Family Dysfunction, and Depressive Symptoms. The Family Journal, 29(3), 346-353. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480720973418
Zaki, S. M., Elmagd, M. H. A., & Elwafa, N. F. A. (2019). Parental Style and its Relation to Adolescents’ Self-Concept and Depression. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 10(11), 1480-1487. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v11i1.1025
Zhang, P., Ye, L., Fu, F., & Zhang, L. G. (2021). The Influence of Gratitude on the Meaning of Life: The Mediating Effect of Family Function and Peer Relationship. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.680795
Zimmermann, G., Antonietti, J., Megeau, G. A., & Mouton, B. (2022). Parents’ Storm and Stress Beliefs about Adolescence: Relations with Parental Overprotection and Parental Burnout. Swiss Psychology Open, 2(1), 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/spo.31
Published
2024-08-15
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Copyright (c) 2024 Tati Karokaro, Afrizal Afrizal, Amel Yanis, Hardisman Hardisman
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