Peran Runggu dalam Tindak Pidana pada Masyarakat Adat Karo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/g5yymc49Abstract
This study aims to analyze the types of criminal offenses resolved through Runggu in relation to the Indonesian Criminal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023), to examine the effectiveness of Runggu in resolving criminal cases, and to analyze the process of criminal dispute resolution through Runggu in Lau Garut Village, Mardingding District, Karo Regency. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a sociological juridical approach. Data were obtained through interviews with the village head, customary leaders, perpetrators, victims, and local community members, supported by literature review. The data were analyzed qualitatively using legal pluralism theory, living law theory, and restorative justice theory. The results of the study indicate that the existence of Runggu as a living law is still recognized and practiced by the Karo community in resolving certain criminal offenses, particularly minor offenses that do not cause widespread harm. Resolution through Runggu is still possible as long as it does not conflict with positive law provisions and does not involve serious criminal offenses under state jurisdiction. Runggu is considered effective because it is able to resolve conflicts quickly, simply, and at low cost, while prioritizing the restoration of social relationships between perpetrators and victims through the concept of dame adat (customary peace). The resolution process is carried out through deliberation involving the village head, customary leaders, families of both parties, and the Rakut Sitelu structure. The resulting decisions generally include restitution, compensation payments, customary apologies, and other customary sanctions aimed at restoring social balance in the community. Thus, Runggu plays an important role as a restorative justice-based mechanism for resolving criminal offenses that remains relevant and effective in maintaining order and harmony within the Karo indigenous community in Lau Garut Village.
Keywords: Criminal Offenses, Karo Customary Law, Legal Pluralism, Living law, Restorative Justice, Runggu.
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