Kebijakan Multikultural dan Dampaknya terhadap Minoritas Muslim di Kanada (2001-2023)

Authors

Siti Muthmainnah Nur Sulistiani Universitas Islam Negeri Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto
Fitri Sari Setyorini Universitas Islam Negeri Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto

DOI:

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of Canada's multicultural policies and their impact on the Muslim minority from 2001 to 2023. Focusing on an assessment of the policies' effectiveness. Drawing on Will Kymlicka's theory of multiculturalism, the research employs a historical method and utilizes a literature review for data collection. The findings indicate that while multicultural policies offer normative protection, their implementation has not fully succeeded in mitigating the effects of discrimination or Islamophobia. The enactment of Bill 21 in Quebec in 2019 demonstrates the continued existence of policies that restrict religious freedom. Nevertheless, the Muslim community has successfully increased its participation in social, political, and religious spheres. The study concludes that Canada's multicultural policies during the 2001–2023 period have had an ambivalent impact on the Muslim minority; on one hand, the federal government consistently reaffirms its commitment to multiculturalism and the prevention of Islamophobia, yet on the other, there are policies that curtail the religious expression of the Muslim minority in Canada.

Keywords: Multiculturalism, Muslims, Policy, Islamophobia.

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