Efektivitas Implementasi Kebijakan Pembinaan Narapidana Residivis dalam Mendukung Reintegrasi Sosial: Studi Kasus di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the policy implementation of the rehabilitation program for recidivist inmates at the Class IIB Manokwari Correctional Institution, utilizing George C. Edwards III’s policy implementation model. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving correctional officers, recidivist inmates, and institutional records. Data analysis was conducted interactively—encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing—while data validity was reinforced through source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that policy implementation has proceeded in accordance with the prevailing regulatory framework; however, its effectiveness remains influenced by the four dimensions of policy implementation. Internal organizational communication functions relatively well but has not yet fully fostered the inmates' understanding of the rehabilitation objectives. Limitations regarding human resources, budget, facilities, and professional staff constitute the primary obstacles to optimal rehabilitation delivery. While the bureaucratic structure supports administrative execution, it has yet to provide rehabilitation tailored to the individual needs of recidivist inmates. Conversely, the implementers demonstrate a strong commitment to sustaining the program through various forms of innovation and collaboration. The study also reveals that external factors—such as economic pressure, social stigma, weak family support, and limited post-release employment opportunities—influence the success of social reintegration and heighten the risk of recidivism. It concludes that the effectiveness of rehabilitation policy implementation is determined by the synergy between institutional capacity and social environmental support. These findings enrich the study of correctional policy implementation by demonstrating that successful rehabilitation depends not only on regulatory compliance but also on the organization's ability to provide adaptive, needs-based rehabilitation supported by a sustainable social reintegration system.

Keywords: Correctional System, George C. Edwards III, Policy Implementation, Recidivist Inmate Rehabilitation, Social Reintegration.