Mengukur Ketersediaan Instrumen Penyembuhan Psikologis pada Pengungsi Asal Afganistan
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur ketersediaan instrumen penyembuhan psikologis pada pengungsi asal Afganistan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa faktor penyebab depresi dan trauma pengungsi adalah lingkungan, finansial, merasa kehilangan identitas dan kebudayaannya dan keterbatasan layanan. Dari sembilan instrumen hanya terdapat dua instrumen penyembuhan psikologis pada partisipan penelitian ini. Beberapa instrumen dan proses lainnya, sebagaimana yang dibangun oleh ahli, tidak selalu harus terpenuhi namun dapat menutupi atau mengurangi dampak dari depresi dan trauma guna mencegah tindakan bunuh diri oleh pengungsi. Simpulan penelitian bahwa dalam mengukur kesembuhan psikologis dalam penanganan depresi, trauma, dan stres menggunakan pendekatan keyakinan, keagamaan, dan praktik spiritual.
Kata kunci: Pengungsi, Bunuh Diri, Depresi dan Trauma, Healing
References
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Stratmann, M., Björkenstam, E., Dorner, T. E., Chen, L., Helgesson, M., Cullen, A. E., & Mittendorfer-Rutz, E. (2022). Differences in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Due to External Causes and Suicide Between Young Adult Refugees, Non-Refugee Immigrants and Swedish-Born Young Adults: The Role of Education and Migration-Related Factors. PLoS ONE, 17. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279096
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Williams, A. C., Peña, C. R., & Rice, A. S. (2010). Persistent Pain in Survivors of Torture: A Cohort Study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 40(5), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.02.018
Alini, A., & Meisyalla, L. N. (2021). Analisis Kejadian Depresi Pada Imigran Pengungsi di Wisma Tasqya Pekanbaru. PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 5(1), 359–366. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v5i1.1637
Ariffin, S. K. S. N. S., & Abdullah, M., Nor H. (2020). Tahap Tekanan Psikologikal dan Perilaku Mencari Bantuan Psikologi dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 4(5), 1-12. Retrieved from https://spaj.ukm.my/jws/index.php/jws/article/view/358
Azria, K., & Ramayani, E. (2022). Sejarah Perang Afghanistan dari Dulu Hingga Kini. Jurnal PIR: Power in International Relations, 6(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.22303/pir.6.2.2022.122-137
Carlsson, C. & Al. (2006). Adoption of Mobile Devices/ Services-Searching for Answers with the UTAUT, In Proceedings of the 39th Hawaii international Conference on System Sciences. Science and Education. 6(1). 6-11. https://www.sciepub.com/reference/227691
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research.,. In [e-book] Aldine de Gruyter. (p. 300).
Hasan, T. N., & Candra, M. (2021). Tinjauan Viktimologi Terhadap Hak Perlindungan Penyalahgunaan Narkotika (Victimless Crime). PAMPAS: Journal of Criminal Law, 2(2), 89–103. https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/Pampas/article/view/13026
Iganingrat, A., & Eva, D. N. (2021). Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Ibu Tunggal: Sebuah Literature Review. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Psikologi dan Ilmu Humaniora (SENAPIH), 1(1), 444–451. http://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/psi/article/view/1168
Ingram, J., Lyford, B., McAtamney, A., & Fitzpatrick, S. (2022). Preventing Suicide in Refugees and Asylum Seekers: A Rapid Literature Review Examining The Role of Suicide Prevention Training for Health and Support Staff. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-022-00534-x
Isakson, B. L., & Jurkovic, G. J. (2013). Healing after torture: the role of moving on. Qualitative health research, 23(6), 749–761. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732313482048
Kaminer, D. (2006). Healing processes in Trauma Narratives: A review. South. African Journal of Psychology, 36(3), 481–499. doi:10.1177/008124630603600304
Maulana, I., Febrianti, S., & Nugraha, B. A. (2023). Intervensi Terapi Dukungan Psikologis pada Korban Terdampak Bencana yang Mengalami PTSD (Literature Review). Malahayati Nursing Journal, 5(3), 647–659. https://doi.org/10.33024/mnj.v5i3.8019
Maulida, H., Jatimi, A., Heru, M. J. A., Munir, Z., & Rahman, H. F. (2020). Depresi pada Komunitas dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan, 2(4), 519–524. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v2i4.201
McKinney, M. M. (2011). Treatment of Survivors of Torture: Spiritual Domain. Torture Quarterly Journal on Rehabilitation of Torture Victims and Prevention of Torture, 21(1), 61–66. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21422608/
Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Remaja Rosdakarya. Bandung
Olivia, L. (17 Juli 2022). 14 Pengungsi di Indonesia Bunuh Diri, Kesbangpol Pekanbaru: Ada Masalah Lain retrivieved from Riau Online: https://www.riauonline.co.id/kota-pekanbaru/read/2022/07/28/14-pengungsi-di-indonesia-bunuh-diri-kesbangpol-pekanbaru-ada-masalah-lain
Putri, D. A., Achsin, M. Z. (2023). Peran United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) dalam Menangani Pengungsi Luar Negeri di Indonesia pada Tahun 2016-2022. Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs 3(2). 82-101. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/hujia/article/download/27709/10177
Ramadhan, R. P. (2023). Studi Kepustakaan tentang Terapi Naratif sebagai Metode Trauma Healing Akibat Bencana Alam. Trends in Applied Sciences, Social Sciences, and Education, 1(1), 13–18. https://docplayer.info/237949469-Studi-kepustakaan-tentang-terapi-naratif-sebagai-metode-trauma-healing-akibat-bencana-alam.html
Ramdani, A. (16, Juni 2021). 917 Imigran Berada di Kota Pekanbaru. diakses dari: https://tribunpekanbaruwiki.tribunnews.com/2021/06/16/917-imigran-berada-di-kota-pekanbaru?page=all
Siregar, R. A (11, Oktober 2021). Imgran Afganistan Gelar Aksi Jahur Mulut di Kantor Gubernur Riau retrivieved from Detik News: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5762271/imigran-afghanistan-gelar-aksi-jahit-mulut-di-kantor-gubernur-riau
Stratmann, M., Björkenstam, E., Dorner, T. E., Chen, L., Helgesson, M., Cullen, A. E., & Mittendorfer-Rutz, E. (2022). Differences in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Due to External Causes and Suicide Between Young Adult Refugees, Non-Refugee Immigrants and Swedish-Born Young Adults: The Role of Education and Migration-Related Factors. PLoS ONE, 17. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279096
Turkovic, S., Hovens, J. E., & Gregurek, R. (2004). Strengthening Psychological Health in War Victims and Refugees. Broken Spirits.
UNHCR (November, 2022). Figure at A Glance. Retrivieved from UNHCR: https://www.unhcr.org/id/en/figures-at-a-glance
Valliappan, P. R., & Bird, E. (2011). People in Between: The Value of Life Stories in Exploring the Needs of Colombian Asylum Seekers. 1497292, 100. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4582&context=etd
Williams, A. C., Peña, C. R., & Rice, A. S. (2010). Persistent Pain in Survivors of Torture: A Cohort Study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 40(5), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.02.018
Published
2024-02-13
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