Kondisi Psikologis Atlet Olahraga Karate Menjelang Pertandingan
Abstract
This study aims to identify the psychological factors that play a role in the performance of karate athletes, assist coaches and decision-makers in developing more effective training programs, and understand how athletes manage their psychological conditions. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data is collected through in-depth interviews with karate athletes, coaches, and sports psychologists. Observations are also conducted during training sessions and competitions to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the athletes' psychological conditions. The results of this research showed that most athletes admitted to experiencing anxiety before the match. Some athletes also experience somatic anxiety such as heart palpitations, sweating and muscle tension and some athletes express that they feel depressed because they are afraid of disappointing the people around them if they cannot give their best performance. In conclusion, these results can contribute to the development of mental and psychological training programs specific to the sport of karate.
Keywords: psychological condition, karate athletes, anxiety, stress, self-confidence, performance, competition.
References
Acebes-Sánchez, J. et al. (2021) ‘Emotional intelligence in physical activity, sports and judo: A global approach’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168695.
Adi, S. et al. (2024) ‘Athletes ’ Stress and Anxiety Before The Match’, 4(1).
Andrade, A., Silva, R.B. and Dominski, F.H. (2020) ‘Application of sport psychology to mixed martial arts: A systematic review’, Kinesiology, 52(1), pp. 94–102. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.1.12.
Borkoles, E. et al. (2018) ‘Type D personality, stress, coping and performance on a novel sport task’, PLoS ONE, 13(4), pp. 1–16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196692.
Calvo, M.G. and Eysenck, M.W. (1992) ‘Anxiety and Performance: The Processing Efficiency Theory’, Cognition and Emotion, 6(6), pp. 409–434. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939208409696.
Chumaira, Z. et al. (2022) ‘The Contribution of IQ (Intelligence Quotient), Anxiety, and Concentration to the Achievement of Central Java Chess Athletes’, Journal of Physical Education , Sport , Health and Recreations, 11(1), pp. 34–41. Available at: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/peshr/article/view/54620.
Dhamayanti, T.P. and Yudiarso, A. (2020) ‘The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy for Anxiety: A Review of Meta Analysis’, Psikodimensia, 19(2), p. 174. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24167/psidim.v19i2.2734.
Diyanto, K., Wira Yudha Kusuma, D. and Rustiadi, T. (2018) ‘Correlation Anxiety, Self confidence and Motivation Toward Athlete’s Performance of Tunas Volleyball Club Pekalongan’, Jpes, 7(1), pp. 7–12. Available at: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpes.
Donny WiraYudha Kusuma, A.M. (2019) ‘Comparison of Athletes Personality between Martial Art Sports in Central Java’, Research & Analysis, 05(03), pp. 2357–2361. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31142/rajar/v5i3.04.
Effendi, H. (2016) ‘Peranan psikologi olahraga dalam meningkatkan prestasi atlet’, Nusantara (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial), 1, p. 27.
Evgenievna, K.T. and Viktorovich, S.O. (2022) ‘Combat and military-professional stress: the influence of emotions and emotional states on the choice of coping strategies’, Insight , (8), pp. 71–86. Available at: https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970X/2022-8-6.
Fang, X. (2019) ‘Essays On Foreign Exchange Rates’.
Febiaji (2014) ‘TINGKAT KECEMASAN ATLET POMNAS XIII CABANG OLAHRAGA SEPAKBOLA SEBELUM MENGHADAPI PERTANDINGAN SKRIPSI Diajukan Kepada Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan’.
Glandorf, H.L. et al. (2023) ‘Mental and physical health outcomes of burnout in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, pp. 1–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2023.2225187.
Herfiantoro, A. and Setyawati, H. (2019) ‘The Effect of Imagery Exercises and Emotional Quotient on the Athletes’ Anxiety Level’, Journal of Physical Education and Sports, 8(2), pp. 153–159.
Hindiari, Y. and Wismanadi, H. (2022) ‘Tingkat Kecemasan Atlet Karate Menjelang Pertandingan Pada Anggota Cakra Koarmatim’, Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 10(01), pp. 179–186.
Howell, C.R. (2003) ‘Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: The history and evolution of current concepts’, Plant Disease, 87(1), pp. 4–10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.1.4.
Ikhram, A., Jufri, M. and Ridfah, A. (2020) ‘Mental Toughness dan Competitive Anxiety Pada Atlet Karate UNM’, Jurnal Psikologi Perseptual, 5(2), p. 100. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24176/perseptual.v5i2.5206.
Jamaliah, N. and Kasmini, W. (2015) ‘Journal of Physical Education and Sports Pengaruh Hypnotherapy Dan Tingkat Kecemasan Terhadap Konsentrasi Atlet Putri Club Pekerjaan Umum (Pu) Deli Serdang Sumatera
Utara Tahun 2015 Info Artikel’, Jpes, 4(1), pp. 72–78. Available at: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jere.
Komarudin, K., Mulyana, B. and Novian, G. (2021) ‘The Effect of Life Kinetik Training Models to Improve Self-Confidence in Team and Individuals Athletes’, The Open Psychology Journal, 14(1), pp. 220–226. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874350102114010220.
Kusuma, D.W. et al. (2020) ‘The Competitive Anxiety (Cognitive, Somatic, Afective, and Motoric) among Martial Art Athletes’. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300266.
Luan, J.J.S.A. and Blegur, J. (2019) ‘Potret Kecerdasan Emosional Mahasiswa Pada Perkuliahan Seminar Pendidikan Jasmani’, Sebatik, 23(1), pp. 195–202. Available at: https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v23i1.469.
Montvilaitė, G. and Antinienė, D. (2020) ‘Emotional Intelligence and Stress Coping Strategies of Medical Residents’, Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences, 4(115). Available at: https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v4i115.818.
Mylsidayu, A. et al. (2019) ‘Alphabet circuit as a child’s physical activity’, International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(3), pp. 1060–1088.
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R. and Beckmann, J. (2016) ‘Comparison of athletes’ proneness to depressive symptoms in individual and team sports: Research on psychological mediators in junior elite athletes’, Frontiers in Psychology, 7(JUN), pp. 1–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00893.
Palacios Cruz, F.H., Damián Nuñez, E.F. and Damián Nuñez, N.G. (2020) ‘Relación entre el clima organizacional y la calidad de servicio en una institución educativa del Distrito Santa Anita, Perú, Año 2017’, Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE, 7(1), pp. 01–07. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v7i1.502.
Piepiora, P. (2022a) ‘Mental training in the opinion of the Polish national karate kyokushin team’, Archives of Budo, 18, pp. 103–109. Available at: https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85142096024.
Piepiora, P., Kindzer, B., et al. (2022) ‘Personality and Age of Male National Team of Ukraine in Kyokushin Karate—Pilot Study’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127225.
Piepiora, P., Komarnicka, N., et al. (2022) ‘Personality and gender of people training in Kyokushin karate and kickboxing’, Ido Movement for Culture, 22(1), pp. 35–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.22.1.6.
Piepiora, P. (2022b) ‘Personality and gender of people training in Kyokushin karate and kickboxing’, Ido Movement for Culture, 22(1), pp. 35–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.22.1.6.
Processes, O.O.F. et al. (2019) ‘the Belgian Ebp Network’, (July).
Pt, P., Persero, P. and Malalayang, C. (2018) ‘3 1,2,3’, 13(2), pp. 312–324.
Reardon, T. et al. (2021) ‘The processed food revolution in African food systems and the double burden of malnutrition’, Global Food Security, 28, p. 100466. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100466.
Rekhtman, N. et al. (2019) ‘Stage IV lung carcinoids: spectrum and evolution of proliferation rate, focusing on variants with elevated proliferation indices’, Modern Pathology, 32(8), pp. 1106–1122. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-019-0248-2.
Rose, N.H. et al. (2023) ‘Dating the origin and spread of specialization on human hosts in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes’, eLife, 12, pp. 1–17. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.83524.
Vveinhardt, J. and Kaspare, M. (2022) ‘The Relationship between Mindfulness Practices and the Psychological State and Performance of Kyokushin Karate Athletes’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074001.
Zakrajsek, R.A., Martin, S.B. and Wrisberg, C.A. (2015) ‘Sport psychology services in performance settings: NCAA D-I certified athletic trainers’ perceptions’, Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 4(4), pp. 280–292. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000042.
Adi, S. et al. (2024) ‘Athletes ’ Stress and Anxiety Before The Match’, 4(1).
Andrade, A., Silva, R.B. and Dominski, F.H. (2020) ‘Application of sport psychology to mixed martial arts: A systematic review’, Kinesiology, 52(1), pp. 94–102. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26582/k.52.1.12.
Borkoles, E. et al. (2018) ‘Type D personality, stress, coping and performance on a novel sport task’, PLoS ONE, 13(4), pp. 1–16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196692.
Calvo, M.G. and Eysenck, M.W. (1992) ‘Anxiety and Performance: The Processing Efficiency Theory’, Cognition and Emotion, 6(6), pp. 409–434. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939208409696.
Chumaira, Z. et al. (2022) ‘The Contribution of IQ (Intelligence Quotient), Anxiety, and Concentration to the Achievement of Central Java Chess Athletes’, Journal of Physical Education , Sport , Health and Recreations, 11(1), pp. 34–41. Available at: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/peshr/article/view/54620.
Dhamayanti, T.P. and Yudiarso, A. (2020) ‘The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy for Anxiety: A Review of Meta Analysis’, Psikodimensia, 19(2), p. 174. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24167/psidim.v19i2.2734.
Diyanto, K., Wira Yudha Kusuma, D. and Rustiadi, T. (2018) ‘Correlation Anxiety, Self confidence and Motivation Toward Athlete’s Performance of Tunas Volleyball Club Pekalongan’, Jpes, 7(1), pp. 7–12. Available at: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpes.
Donny WiraYudha Kusuma, A.M. (2019) ‘Comparison of Athletes Personality between Martial Art Sports in Central Java’, Research & Analysis, 05(03), pp. 2357–2361. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31142/rajar/v5i3.04.
Effendi, H. (2016) ‘Peranan psikologi olahraga dalam meningkatkan prestasi atlet’, Nusantara (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial), 1, p. 27.
Evgenievna, K.T. and Viktorovich, S.O. (2022) ‘Combat and military-professional stress: the influence of emotions and emotional states on the choice of coping strategies’, Insight , (8), pp. 71–86. Available at: https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970X/2022-8-6.
Fang, X. (2019) ‘Essays On Foreign Exchange Rates’.
Febiaji (2014) ‘TINGKAT KECEMASAN ATLET POMNAS XIII CABANG OLAHRAGA SEPAKBOLA SEBELUM MENGHADAPI PERTANDINGAN SKRIPSI Diajukan Kepada Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan’.
Glandorf, H.L. et al. (2023) ‘Mental and physical health outcomes of burnout in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis’, International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, pp. 1–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2023.2225187.
Herfiantoro, A. and Setyawati, H. (2019) ‘The Effect of Imagery Exercises and Emotional Quotient on the Athletes’ Anxiety Level’, Journal of Physical Education and Sports, 8(2), pp. 153–159.
Hindiari, Y. and Wismanadi, H. (2022) ‘Tingkat Kecemasan Atlet Karate Menjelang Pertandingan Pada Anggota Cakra Koarmatim’, Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 10(01), pp. 179–186.
Howell, C.R. (2003) ‘Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: The history and evolution of current concepts’, Plant Disease, 87(1), pp. 4–10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.1.4.
Ikhram, A., Jufri, M. and Ridfah, A. (2020) ‘Mental Toughness dan Competitive Anxiety Pada Atlet Karate UNM’, Jurnal Psikologi Perseptual, 5(2), p. 100. Available at: https://doi.org/10.24176/perseptual.v5i2.5206.
Jamaliah, N. and Kasmini, W. (2015) ‘Journal of Physical Education and Sports Pengaruh Hypnotherapy Dan Tingkat Kecemasan Terhadap Konsentrasi Atlet Putri Club Pekerjaan Umum (Pu) Deli Serdang Sumatera
Utara Tahun 2015 Info Artikel’, Jpes, 4(1), pp. 72–78. Available at: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jere.
Komarudin, K., Mulyana, B. and Novian, G. (2021) ‘The Effect of Life Kinetik Training Models to Improve Self-Confidence in Team and Individuals Athletes’, The Open Psychology Journal, 14(1), pp. 220–226. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874350102114010220.
Kusuma, D.W. et al. (2020) ‘The Competitive Anxiety (Cognitive, Somatic, Afective, and Motoric) among Martial Art Athletes’. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300266.
Luan, J.J.S.A. and Blegur, J. (2019) ‘Potret Kecerdasan Emosional Mahasiswa Pada Perkuliahan Seminar Pendidikan Jasmani’, Sebatik, 23(1), pp. 195–202. Available at: https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v23i1.469.
Montvilaitė, G. and Antinienė, D. (2020) ‘Emotional Intelligence and Stress Coping Strategies of Medical Residents’, Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences, 4(115). Available at: https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v4i115.818.
Mylsidayu, A. et al. (2019) ‘Alphabet circuit as a child’s physical activity’, International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(3), pp. 1060–1088.
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R. and Beckmann, J. (2016) ‘Comparison of athletes’ proneness to depressive symptoms in individual and team sports: Research on psychological mediators in junior elite athletes’, Frontiers in Psychology, 7(JUN), pp. 1–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00893.
Palacios Cruz, F.H., Damián Nuñez, E.F. and Damián Nuñez, N.G. (2020) ‘Relación entre el clima organizacional y la calidad de servicio en una institución educativa del Distrito Santa Anita, Perú, Año 2017’, Revista Científica y Tecnológica UPSE, 7(1), pp. 01–07. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v7i1.502.
Piepiora, P. (2022a) ‘Mental training in the opinion of the Polish national karate kyokushin team’, Archives of Budo, 18, pp. 103–109. Available at: https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85142096024.
Piepiora, P., Kindzer, B., et al. (2022) ‘Personality and Age of Male National Team of Ukraine in Kyokushin Karate—Pilot Study’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127225.
Piepiora, P., Komarnicka, N., et al. (2022) ‘Personality and gender of people training in Kyokushin karate and kickboxing’, Ido Movement for Culture, 22(1), pp. 35–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.22.1.6.
Piepiora, P. (2022b) ‘Personality and gender of people training in Kyokushin karate and kickboxing’, Ido Movement for Culture, 22(1), pp. 35–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14589/ido.22.1.6.
Processes, O.O.F. et al. (2019) ‘the Belgian Ebp Network’, (July).
Pt, P., Persero, P. and Malalayang, C. (2018) ‘3 1,2,3’, 13(2), pp. 312–324.
Reardon, T. et al. (2021) ‘The processed food revolution in African food systems and the double burden of malnutrition’, Global Food Security, 28, p. 100466. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100466.
Rekhtman, N. et al. (2019) ‘Stage IV lung carcinoids: spectrum and evolution of proliferation rate, focusing on variants with elevated proliferation indices’, Modern Pathology, 32(8), pp. 1106–1122. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-019-0248-2.
Rose, N.H. et al. (2023) ‘Dating the origin and spread of specialization on human hosts in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes’, eLife, 12, pp. 1–17. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.83524.
Vveinhardt, J. and Kaspare, M. (2022) ‘The Relationship between Mindfulness Practices and the Psychological State and Performance of Kyokushin Karate Athletes’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074001.
Zakrajsek, R.A., Martin, S.B. and Wrisberg, C.A. (2015) ‘Sport psychology services in performance settings: NCAA D-I certified athletic trainers’ perceptions’, Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 4(4), pp. 280–292. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000042.
Published
2025-02-28
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Theo Pangistu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
