Optimalisasi Reccess Time Melalui Instant Activity Terhadap Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik dan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Authors

  • Mochamad Anfaza Davaras Ismail Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
  • Yogi Akin Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
  • Wildan Alfia Nugroho Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31539/a6ndkd28

Abstract

This study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of implementing instant activity during recess time on improving gross motor skills of elementary school students. This study uses an experiment with a quantitative approach. The sample consists of fifth and sixth grade students aged 11-12 years and fourth grade students aged 9-10 years at SDN 065 Cihampelas who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument used was PAQC (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children) to measure children's physical activity and then TGMD (Test of Gross Motor-Second Edition) to measure children's gross motor skills. The results of the study showed that the average value of physical activity at SDN 065 Cihampelas was 2.34 in the pretest while the average value of the posttest was 2.66. While in the locomotor pretest the mean value was 40.62 while the locomotor posttest value was 43.95. While in the control object pretest the average value was 39.85 while the average value in the control object posttest was 44.17. Based on the paired t-test, there was a difference between before and after treatment. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the ability to optimize reccess time through instant activity on the level of physical activity and gross motor skills in elementary school students.

Keywords: Elementary School Students, Gross Motor Skills, Instant Activity Physical Activity, Recess Time

References

Anantama, R. (2024). Character development of elementary school students through values education: A literature review. SMART: Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research, 1(1), 1–10.

Arib, M. F., Rahayu, M. S., & Sidorj, R. A. (2024). Experimental research dalam penelitian pendidikan. Journal of Social Science Research, 4(2), 120–130.

Bailey, R. (2006). Physical education and sport in schools: A review of benefits and outcomes. Journal of School Health, 76(8), 397–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00132.x

Chen, H., & Chang, W. (2022). Integrating socio-scientific issues (SSI) to foster adaptive thinking in secondary science classrooms. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 31(4), 500–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-022-09945-3

Derikx, S. G. M., et al. (2024). The impact of physical activity interventions on children's cognitive performance: A meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 54(1), 45–60.

Effendy, O. U., & Hamid, A. (2016). Ilmu komunikasi: Teori dan praktik. Remaja Rosdakarya.

Farbo, D., et al. (2020). Classroom-based physical activity and academic outcomes: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine Reports, 19, 101143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101143

Fuentes Díaz, R., et al. (2024). Physical activity and student engagement in primary schools. International Journal of Educational Research, 120, 102200.

Gallahue, D. L., & Ozmun, J. C. (2012). Understanding motor development: Infants, children, adolescents, adults (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Graham, G. (2008). Teaching children physical education: Becoming a master teacher (3rd ed.). Human Kinetics.

Gumantan, A. (2018). Pengembangan model pembelajaran gerak dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 14(2), 89–98.

Hati, F. S., & Kurnia, R. (2023). Pengaruh aktivitas fisik terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Indonesia, 8(1), 15–23.

Howie, E. K., et al. (2023). Effects of classroom physical activity breaks on children's attention and on-task behavior. Journal of School Health, 93(2), 123–131.

Huang, X., & Isa, N. (2025). Innovative approaches in physical education: Enhancing student engagement. Education Sciences, 15(2), 210.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Kemenkes RI.

Kiranida, O. (2019). Pengaruh aktivitas bermain terhadap perkembangan motorik anak. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 5(1), 45–53.

Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R. E., & Donen, R. M. (1997). The physical activity questionnaire for older children (PAQ-C). University of Saskatchewan.

Kusmiyati. (2017). Strategi pembelajaran aktif dalam pendidikan jasmani. Jurnal Olahraga Pendidikan, 3(2), 77–85.

Lee, S. M., et al. (2012). The association between school-based physical activity and academic performance. Journal of Pediatrics, 160(6), 1026–1031.

Mahar, M. T., et al. (2006). Effects of a classroom-based program on physical activity and on-task behavior. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 38(12), 2086–2094.

Meggitt, C. (2012). Understanding child development. Pearson Education.

Mota, J., et al. (2019). Physical activity and health in children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23), 4715.

Mustika, I. (2012). Evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, 6(1), 55–62.

Pangrazi, R. P., & Beighle, A. (2019). Dynamic physical education for elementary school children (19th ed.). Human Kinetics.

Parrish, A. M., et al. (2013). Classroom-based physical activity interventions. Pediatric Exercise Science, 25(4), 498–517.

Ramstetter, C. L., et al. (2010). The crucial role of recess in schools. Journal of School Health, 80(11), 517–526.

Retnawati, H. (2015). Analisis kuantitatif instrumen penelitian. Parama Publishing.

Ridgers, N. D., et al. (2010). Physical activity levels during school recess. Journal of School Health, 80(10), 512–518.

Ridgers, N. D., et al. (2012). Long-term effects of a playground intervention. Preventive Medicine, 54(2), 111–115.

Romdhon, M. F., & Masrifah. (2024). Pengaruh pembelajaran aktif terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Modern, 5(1), 33–40.

Stodden, D. F., et al. (2008). A developmental perspective on motor skill competence. Quest, 60(2), 290–306.

Stork, S., & Sanders, S. W. (2008). Physical education in early childhood. The Elementary School Journal, 108(3), 197–206.

Strong, W. B., et al. (2005). Evidence-based physical activity for school-age youth. Journal of Pediatrics, 146(6), 732–737.

Surtini, & Muhtar, T. (2024). Model pembelajaran inovatif dalam pendidikan jasmani. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 13(1), 1–10.

Ulrich, D. A. (2000). Test of gross motor development (2nd ed.). PRO-ED.

Utaminingsih, S., & Purwati. (2024). Penerapan model pembelajaran aktif pada siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 12(1), 10–18.

Verkhoshansky, Y., & Siff, M. (2009). Supertraining (6th ed.). Ultimate Athlete Concepts.

Verstraete, S. J. M., et al. (2006). Increasing children's physical activity levels. European Journal of Public Health, 16(4), 415–419.

Woods, C. B., & Erwin, H. (2000). The effects of physical activity on children’s academic performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 71(3), 243–250.

Zhu, X., et al. (2025). The role of physical education in improving student health outcomes. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 123456.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-22