Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Aktivitas Fisik dan Tingkat Stres pada Siswa SMAN 1 Parongpong
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31539/stp7yt77Keywords:
Aktivitas Fisik, Penggunaan Gadget, PLS-SEM, Siswa Sekolah Menengah, Tingkat StresAbstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of gadget use on physical activity and stress levels among students of SMAN 1 Parongpong. A quantitative approach with an explanatory survey design was employed, involving 320 respondents selected from a population of 1,459 students through proportional random sampling based on grade level. Gadget use was measured using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and stress levels using the Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10), with data analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4.0. The results showed that most students (54%) were classified as addicted to gadgets, the majority had low physical activity levels (67.5%), and the majority experienced severe stress (60%). Bootstrapping hypothesis testing revealed that gadget use had a significant negative effect on physical activity (β = -0.780; t = 39.436; p = 0.000) and a significant positive effect on stress levels (β = 0.824; t = 46.668; p = 0.000), with the model explaining 60.9% of the variance in physical activity and 68.0% in stress levels. This study concludes that higher gadget use among students is associated with lower physical activity and higher stress levels, indicating the need for promotive interventions such as limiting gadget use during school hours and scheduled physical activity programs to balance technology use with students' physical and mental health.
Keywords: Physical Activity, Gadget Use, PLS-SEM, High School Students, Stress Level
References
APJII. (2024, February). Survei Penetrasi Internet Indonesia 2024.
Arthy, C. C., Effendy, E., Amin, M. M., Loebis, B., Camellia, V., & Husada, M. S. (2019). Indonesian version of addiction rating scale of smartphone usage adapted from smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV) in junior high school. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 7(19), 3235–3239. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.691
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Carson, V., Hunter, S., Kuzik, N., Gray, C. E., Poitras, V. J., Chaput, J. P., Saunders, T. J., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Okely, A. D., Connor Gorber, S., Kho, M. E., Sampson, M., Lee, H., & Tremblay, M. S. (2016). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: An update. In Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism (Vol. 41, Number 6, pp. S240–S265). Canadian Science Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0630
Craig, C. L., Marshall, A. L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A. E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B. E., Pratt, M., Ekelund, U., Yngve, A., Sallis, J. F., & Oja, P. (2003). International physical activity questionnaire: 12-Country reliability and validity. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(8), 1381–1395. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB
Dharmansyah, D., & Budiana, D. (2021). Indonesian Adaptation of The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): Psychometric Properties. JURNAL PENDIDIKAN KEPERAWATAN INDONESIA, 7(2), 159–163. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpki.v7i2.39351
Fitri, S. (2017). Dampak Positif Dan Negatif Sosial Media Terhadap Perubahan Sosial Anak.
Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 4(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. In European Business Review (Vol. 31, Number 1, pp. 2–24). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Keles, B., McCrae, N., & Grealish, A. (2020). A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents. In International Journal of Adolescence and Youth (Vol. 25, Number 1, pp. 79–93). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1590851
Kim, J., & Lee, K. (2022). The Association between Physical Activity and Smartphone Addiction in Korean Adolescents: The 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, 2020. Healthcare (Switzerland), 10(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040702
Koo, K. M., & Kim, C. J. (2018). The effect of the type of physical activity on the perceived stress level in people with activity limitations. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 14(3), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836164.082
Kumban, W., Cetthakrikul, S., & Santiworakul, A. (2025). Smartphone Addiction, Screen Time, and Physical Activity of Different Academic Majors and Study Levels in University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22020237
Kwon, M., Kim, D. J., Cho, H., & Yang, S. (2013). The smartphone addiction scale: Development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS ONE, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083558
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.
Masykura Setiadi, F., Maryati, S., & Mubharokkh, A. S. (2024). Analisis Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perkembangan Psikologis dan Keagamaan Anak Usia Dini (TK dan SD) dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam. Muaddib: Islamic Education Journal, 7(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.19109/muaddib.v7i1.24432
Rocka, A., Jasielska, F., Madras, D., Krawiec, P., & Pac-Kożuchowska, E. (2022). The Impact of Digital Screen Time on Dietary Habits and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents. Nutrients, 14(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142985
Stiglic, N., & Viner, R. M. (2019). Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. In BMJ Open (Vol. 9, Number 1). BMJ Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023191
Syifa, L., Setianingsih, E. S., & Sulianto, J. (2019). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Perkembangan Psikologi pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 3, 538–544.
Tirtayanti, S. (2022). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perkembangan Psikososial Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Masker Medika, 9(2), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.52523/maskermedika.v9i2.463
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003
Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R., & Eckles, K. (2014). Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 3(4), 206–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000047
Werdani, Y. (2020). Pengaruh Tingkat Stres Terhadap Mekanisme Koping Pasien Kanker Berbasis Manajemen Terapi Kanker. Care:Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(3), 346–360.
WHO. (2020). Who Guidelines On Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviour.
Zhang, L.-Q., & Gao, H.-N. (2023). Effects of sports on school adaptability, resilience and cell phone addiction tendency of high school students. World Journal of Psychiatry, 13(8), 563–572. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v13.i8.563
Zhang, R., Jiang, Q., Cheng, M., & Rhim, Y. T. (2024). The effect of smartphone addiction on adolescent health: the moderating effect of leisure physical activities. Psicologia: Reflexao e Critica, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-024-00308-z
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Zaky Haidar Firmansyah, Asep Sumpena, Yudy Hendrayana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
