Performa Wasit Sepak Bola Ditinjau dari Level Kebugaran, Pemahaman Peraturan dan Anxiety Pra Pertandingan

Bandan Naizi Nugraha; Herman Subarjah; Septian Williyanto

doi:10.31539/q2prah78

Authors

Bandan Naizi Nugraha Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Herman Subarjah Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Septian Williyanto Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31539/q2prah78

Keywords:

Anxiety Pra Pertandingan, Kebugaran Fisik, Laws Of The Game, Performa Wasit, Sepak Bola

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effects of physical fitness level, understanding of the Laws of the Game, and anxiety on the performance of football referees, both individually and simultaneously. This study employed a quantitative approach using an ex post facto design and a correlational method. The participants consisted of 34 active football referees registered with the Bandung City Football Association (Askot PSSI Bandung City), selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Fitness Test for Referees Men, the Laws of the Game Knowledge Test, the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R), and the Assessment of the Referee's Performance. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that, simultaneously, the three independent variables had a significant effect on referee performance (F = 7.317; Sig. = 0.001), accounting for 42.3% of the variance (R² = 0.423). Partially, physical fitness level (t = -3.955; Sig. = 0.000) and pre match anxiety (t = -3.493; Sig. = 0.002) had significant effects on referee performance, whereas understanding of the Laws of the Game did not have a significant effect (t = -0.869; Sig. = 0.392). These findings indicate that referee performance is influenced by a multidimensional interaction between physical and psychological factors. It can be concluded that referee development programs should be designed holistically by emphasizing improvements in physical fitness, strengthening knowledge of the Laws of the Game through simulation based training, and enhancing anxiety management and mental resilience skills.

Keywords: Football, Laws Of The Game, Physical Fitness, Pre Match Anxiety, Referee Performance

References

Akbar, I. A., Hasanudin, D., & Purnamasari, I. (2015). UJI VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS YO-YO INTERMITTENT RECOVERY TEST. Jurnal Kepelatihan Olahraga, 7(2), 36–47.

Badri, M. C., & Sari, M. (2023). Understanding Level Of Licensed Referees In Pelalawan District Of Football Game Rules Tingkat Pemahaman Wasit Berlisensi Di Kabupaten Pelalawan Terhadap Peraturan Permainan Sepakbola. ORKES: Jurnal Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 2(3).

Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test: A useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00004

Castillo-Rodríguez, A., Alejo-Moya, E. J., Figueiredo, A., Onetti-Onetti, W., & González-Fernández, F. T. (2023). Influence of physical fitness on decision-making of soccer referees throughout the match. Heliyon, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19702

Fariz, M., Putra, P., & Guntoro, T. S. (2022). Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2R ( CSAI-2R ): Adapting and Validating Its Indonesian Version. 10(3), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100305

FIFA. (2016). Fitness test for referees ( men & women ). FIFA for the Game, for the World.

IFAB. (2025). Laws of the Game. International Football Association Board.

Irham, M., & Kurniawan, F. (2021). Pengembangan model latihan wasit sepakbola untuk -meningkatkan kebugaran. 1(2), 56–66.

Kicks, P. (2017). Assessment of the Referee’s performance. AFC, 14.

Liu, Z., Zhao, L., Wang, S., Gao, Y., & Zhang, L. (2022). The Association between Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Chinese Soccer Referees in the Early Stage of Reopening Soccer Matches during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: A Moderated Mediation Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416750

McEwan, G. P., Unnithan, V. B., Easton, C., Glover, A. J., & Arthur, R. (2024). Decision-making accuracy of soccer referees in relation to markers of internal and external load. European Journal of Sport Science, 24(6), 659–669. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12096

Mulyadi, A., Solihin, A. O., & Syamsudar, B. (2024). Pengaruh Fitness Test Dan Pemahaman Peraturan Permainan (Laws Of The Game) Terhadap Kinerja Wasit Dan Asisten Wasit C1 Nasional Provinsi Dki Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(10), 1088–1101. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11628813

Nurcahya, Y., Mulyana, D., & Sagitarius, S. (2019). Relationship between emotional intelligence and physical fitness with football referee performance. Advances in Health Sciences Research, 11, 136–138. https://doi.org/10.2991/icsshpe-18.2019.39

Nurcahya, Y., Kusumah, W., Mulyana, D., & Kodrat, H. (2021). Analysis of football referee satisfaction in making decision based on experience levels. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga, 6(1), 110–114. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v6i1.30133

Pizzera, A., Laborde, S., Lahey, J., & Wahl, P. (2022). Influence of physical and psychological stress on decision-making performance of soccer referees. Journal of Sports Sciences, 40(18), 2037–2046. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2127516

Saputra, E., Edison, M., Rianto, L., & Tjahyanto, T. (2023). Profil kebugaran jasmani pada mahasiswa yang mengikuti latihan beban : Yo-yo intermittent test level 1. Tanjung Pura Journal of Coaching Research, 1(1), 18–23.

Setya, R. N. (2024). TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER FUTSAL SMA NEGERI 1 DUKUN MAGELANG.

Syamsudar, B., Hambali, S., & Nuryasin, S. (2024). Anxiety Levels of Futsal Referees in the West Java Provincial Sports Week 2022. Journal Coaching Education Sports, 4(1), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.31599/p4hrqh70

Tsaniyah, N. S., Nurhadi, Alkatiri, T. M., Priambodo, A., & Widodo, A. (2025). Tingkat kecemasan wasit Indonesia saat memimpin pertandingan sepak bola. Indonesian Journal of Kinanthropology (IJOK), 5(2), 7–14.

Zhang, L., Shi, H., Zhang, H., Ding, J., & Wang, Z. (2024). How do anxiety and stress affect soccer referees? An ERPs study. Frontiers in Psychology, 15(June), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1294864