Profil Gerak Dasar Manipulatif Melempar Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Abstract
This study analyzes throwing in the basic manupulatif movements of junior high school students in the Bandung city environment. The research method used by researchers uses descriptive research methods with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study was 23 class IX students aged 15-16 years. The data collection used in this study was using a research instrument in the form of observation sheets based on a book by David L Gallahue entitled Developmental Physical Education for Today's Children. These students are likelier to do all the fundamental movement skills given in the early and transitional stages. The results obtained from basic manupulatif movements in the form of throwing motion skills are divided into three groups, including the initial stage (10.62%), transitional stage (5.31%), and mature stage (0%). In conclusion, the results of the study obtained an overview of the various kinds of abilities possessed by students in carrying out various basic manupulatif movements with throwing motion skills.
Keywords : Basic manupulatif movements, physical activity, and the COVID-19 pandemic
References
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Lawanson, T., Foley, L., Assah, F., Mogo, E., Mapa-Tassou, C., Ogunro, T., Onifade, V., & Oni, T. (2021). The urban environment and leisure physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a view from Lagos. Cities & Health, 5(sup1), S204–S207. https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2020.1806459
Lengkana, A. S., & Sofa, N. S. N. (2017). Kebijakan Pendidikan Jasmani dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Olahraga, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37742/jo.v3i1.67
Lone, S. A., & Ahmad, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic – an African p
erspective. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 9(1), 1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1775132
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Markuat, M. (2022). Dampak Penetapan Lockdown Bagi Sebuah Negara Dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Berdasarkan Asas Keadilan. JPeHI (Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Indonesia), 1(6), 1268–1280. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v1i6.1836
Maugeri, G., & Musumeci, G. (2021). Adapted Physical Activity to Ensure the Physical and Psychological Well-Being of COVID-19 Patients. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 6(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010013
Melyza, A., & Aguss, R. M. (2021). Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Proses Penerapan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan Pada Pandemi Covid-19. Journal Of Physical Education, 2(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33365/joupe.v2i1.950
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Muhammad, F. (2017). Penggunaan Media dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan di sekolah dasar Se-Kecamatan Imogiri Kabupaten Bantul. Pendidikan Jasmani Pendidikan Olahraga, Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. https://journal.student.uny.ac.id/index.php/pgsd-penjaskes/article/viewFile/7741/7364
Mustafa, P. S., & Dwiyogo, W. D. (2020). Kurikulum Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, dan Kesehatan di Indonesia Abad 21. JARTIKA Jurnal Riset Teknologi Dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(2), 422–438. https://doi.org/10.36765/jartika.v3i2.268
Myers, J. B., Laudner, K. G., Pasquale, M. R., Bradley, J. P., & Lephart, S. M. (2005). Scapular Position and Orientation in Throwing Athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(2), 263–271.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504268138
Ndwandwe, D., & Wiysonge, C. S. (2021). COVID-19 vaccines. Current Opinion in Immunology, 71, 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.003
Pokhrel, S., & Chhetri, R. (2021). A Literature Review on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Teaching and Learning. Higher Education for the Future, 8(1), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120983481
Radha, R., Mahalakshmi, K., Kumar, V. S., & Saravanakumar, A. R. (2020). E-Learning during Lockdown of Covid-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective. International Journal of Control and Automation, 13(4), 1088–1099. http://sersc.org/journals/index.php/IJCA/article/view/26035
Rahma, A., & Kastrena, E. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Gerak Manipulatif Melalui Permainan Bowling Botol. MAENPO, 9(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.35194/jm.v9i2.908
Safruddin, S., Nasaruddin, N., Widodo, A., Sobri, M., & Radiusman, R. (2021). Students’ Basic Movement Skills in Physical Education during the Online Learning. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference on Education and Social Science (ACCESS 2020). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210525.097
Sallis, J. F., & Pratt, M. (2020). Multiple benefits of physical activity during the Coronavirus pandemic. Revista Brasileira de Atividade FÃsica & Saúde, 25, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.25e0112
Scheuer, C., Bund, A., Becker, W., & Herrmann, C. (2017). Development and validation of a survey instrument for detecting basic motor competencies in elementary school children. Cogent Education, 4(1), 1337544. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1337544
Sudadik, S., & Raharjo, H. P. (2021). Survai Tingkat Perkembangan Kemampuan Motorik Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kecamatan Todanan Kabupaten Blora. Indonesian Journal for Physical Education and Sport, 2(1), 17–25. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/inapes/article/view/40956/18660
Sumantri, M. S., & Endrawati, T. (2016). Kemampuan sosialisasi dan gerak manipulatif anak usia dini. Fip UnjSumantri, M. S., & Endrawati, T. (2016). Kemampuan Sosialisasi Dan Gerak Manipulatif Anak Usia Dini. Fip Unj.
Syofian, M., & Gazali, N. (2021). Kajian literatur: Dampak covid-19 terhadap pendidikan jasmani. Journal of Sport Education (JOPE), 3(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.31258/jope.3.2.93-102
van den Tillaar, R., & Ettema, G. (2004). Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(4), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-1019-8
Van den Tillaar, R., & Ettema, G. (2003). Influence of instruction on velocity and accuracy of overarm throwing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 96(2), 423–434. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pms.2003.96.2.423?journalCode=pmsb
Wicaksono, A. (2020). Aktivitas Fisik Yang Aman Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan Undiksha, 8(1), 10–15. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJIK/article/view/28446
Wilk, K. E., Meister, K., & Andrews, J. R. (2002). Current Concepts in the Rehabilitation of the Overhead Throwing Athlete. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(1), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300011201
Wilke, J., Mohr, L., Tenforde, A. S., Edouard, P., Fossati, C., González-Gross, M., Sánchez RamÃrez, C., Laiño, F., Tan, B., Pillay, J. D., Pigozzi, F., Jimenez-Pavon, D., Novak, B., Jaunig, J., Zhang, M., van Poppel, M., Heidt, C., Willwacher, S., Yuki, G., … Hollander, K. (2021). A Pandemic within the Pandemic? Physical Activity Levels Substantially Decreased in Countries Affected by COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2235. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052235
Woods, J. A., Hutchinson, N. T., Powers, S. K., Roberts, W. O., Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Radak, Z., Berkes, I., Boros, A., Boldogh, I., Leeuwenburgh, C., Coelho-Júnior, H. J., Marzetti, E., Cheng, Y., Liu, J., Durstine, J. L., Sun, J., & Ji, L. L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity. Sports Medicine and Health Science, 2(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.006
Arief, N. A., Kuntjoro, B. F. T., & Suroto, S. (2020). Gambaran Aktifitas Fisik Dan Perilaku Pasif Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Multilateral Jurnal Pen
didikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 19(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.20527/multilateral.v19i2.9564
Arif, H. (2022). Peningkatan aktivitas gerak lokomotor, nonlokomotor dan manipulatif menggunakan model permainan pada siswa sekolah dasar. http://eprints.binadarma.ac.id/12912/
Bolger, L. E., Bolger, L. A., O’Neill, C., Coughlan, E., O’Brien, W., Lacey, S., Burns, C., & Bardid, F. (2021). Global levels of fundamental motor skills in children: A systematic review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(7), 717–753. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02640414.2020.1841405
Cross, R. (2004). Physics of overarm throwing. American Journal of Physics, 72(3), 305–312. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1634964
D’Agostino, E. M., Urtel, M., Webster, C. A., McMullen, J., & Culp, B. (2021). Virtual Physical Education During COVID-19: Exploring Future Directions for Equitable Online Learning Tools. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.716566
Daniel, S. J. (2020). Education and the COVID-19 pandemic. Prospects, 49(1), 91–96. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11125-020-09464-3?
Daulay, D. E., & Priono, J. (2020). Manfaat Penggunaan Media Visual Dalam Menunjang Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Pada Materi Lompat Jauh. JURNAL PRESTASI, 4(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.24114/jp.v4i1.18621
Devtio, D. D., Nuryadi, & Tri Martini. (2023). Analisis Keterampilan Melempar Siswa Menengah Atas Di SMA Laboratorium UPI Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Mahasiswa Pendidikan Olahraga, 3(2), 86–100. https://doi.org/10.55081/jumper.v3i2.955
Dhedhy, Y. (2018). Pembentukan Karakter Anak Dengan Jiwa Sportif Melalui Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan. Jurnal Sportif, 2(1), 101–112. https://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/pjk/article/view/661/469
Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpiński, Z., & Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets. In Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Evans, J. (2004). Making a Difference? Education and ëAbilityà in Physical Education. European Physical Education Review, 10(1), 95–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X04042158
Firmana, I. I. F., Subarjah, H., Mahendra, A., & Nuryadi, N. (2022). Survei Kualitas Gerak Manipiulatif Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar. Physical Activity Journal (PAJU), 4(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20884/1.paju.2022.4.1.6709
Henriksen, A., Johannessen, E., Hartvigsen, G., Grimsgaard, S., & Hopstock, L. A. (2021). Consumer-Based Activity Trackers as a Tool for Physical Activity Monitoring in Epidemiological Studies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Development and Usability Study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 7(4), e23806. https://doi.org/10.2196/23806
Iivonen, S., Sääkslahti, A., & Nissinen, K. (2011). The development of fundamental motor skills of fourâ€to fiveâ€yearâ€old preschool children and the effects of a preschool physical education curriculum. Early Child Development and Care, 181(3), 335–343. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03004430903387461
Kapasia, N., Paul, P., Roy, A., Saha, J., Zaveri, A., Mallick, R., Barman, B., Das, P., & Chouhan, P. (2020). Impact of lockdown on learning status of undergraduate and postgraduate students during COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal, India. Children and Youth Services Review, 116, 105194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105194
Lawanson, T., Foley, L., Assah, F., Mogo, E., Mapa-Tassou, C., Ogunro, T., Onifade, V., & Oni, T. (2021). The urban environment and leisure physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a view from Lagos. Cities & Health, 5(sup1), S204–S207. https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2020.1806459
Lengkana, A. S., & Sofa, N. S. N. (2017). Kebijakan Pendidikan Jasmani dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Olahraga, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.37742/jo.v3i1.67
Lone, S. A., & Ahmad, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic – an African p
erspective. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 9(1), 1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1775132
Lubans, D. R., Morgan, P. J., Cliff, D. P., Barnett, L. M., & Okely, A. D. (2010). Fundamental Movement Skills in Children and Adolescents. Sports Medicine, 40(12), 1019–1035. https://doi.org/10.2165/11536850-000000000-00000
Markuat, M. (2022). Dampak Penetapan Lockdown Bagi Sebuah Negara Dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Berdasarkan Asas Keadilan. JPeHI (Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Indonesia), 1(6), 1268–1280. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v1i6.1836
Maugeri, G., & Musumeci, G. (2021). Adapted Physical Activity to Ensure the Physical and Psychological Well-Being of COVID-19 Patients. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 6(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6010013
Melyza, A., & Aguss, R. M. (2021). Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Proses Penerapan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Dan Kesehatan Pada Pandemi Covid-19. Journal Of Physical Education, 2(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33365/joupe.v2i1.950
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Muhammad, F. (2017). Penggunaan Media dalam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani olahraga dan kesehatan di sekolah dasar Se-Kecamatan Imogiri Kabupaten Bantul. Pendidikan Jasmani Pendidikan Olahraga, Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. https://journal.student.uny.ac.id/index.php/pgsd-penjaskes/article/viewFile/7741/7364
Mustafa, P. S., & Dwiyogo, W. D. (2020). Kurikulum Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, dan Kesehatan di Indonesia Abad 21. JARTIKA Jurnal Riset Teknologi Dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(2), 422–438. https://doi.org/10.36765/jartika.v3i2.268
Myers, J. B., Laudner, K. G., Pasquale, M. R., Bradley, J. P., & Lephart, S. M. (2005). Scapular Position and Orientation in Throwing Athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(2), 263–271.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504268138
Ndwandwe, D., & Wiysonge, C. S. (2021). COVID-19 vaccines. Current Opinion in Immunology, 71, 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.003
Pokhrel, S., & Chhetri, R. (2021). A Literature Review on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Teaching and Learning. Higher Education for the Future, 8(1), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120983481
Radha, R., Mahalakshmi, K., Kumar, V. S., & Saravanakumar, A. R. (2020). E-Learning during Lockdown of Covid-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective. International Journal of Control and Automation, 13(4), 1088–1099. http://sersc.org/journals/index.php/IJCA/article/view/26035
Rahma, A., & Kastrena, E. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Gerak Manipulatif Melalui Permainan Bowling Botol. MAENPO, 9(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.35194/jm.v9i2.908
Safruddin, S., Nasaruddin, N., Widodo, A., Sobri, M., & Radiusman, R. (2021). Students’ Basic Movement Skills in Physical Education during the Online Learning. Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Conference on Education and Social Science (ACCESS 2020). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210525.097
Sallis, J. F., & Pratt, M. (2020). Multiple benefits of physical activity during the Coronavirus pandemic. Revista Brasileira de Atividade FÃsica & Saúde, 25, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.25e0112
Scheuer, C., Bund, A., Becker, W., & Herrmann, C. (2017). Development and validation of a survey instrument for detecting basic motor competencies in elementary school children. Cogent Education, 4(1), 1337544. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1337544
Sudadik, S., & Raharjo, H. P. (2021). Survai Tingkat Perkembangan Kemampuan Motorik Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kecamatan Todanan Kabupaten Blora. Indonesian Journal for Physical Education and Sport, 2(1), 17–25. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/inapes/article/view/40956/18660
Sumantri, M. S., & Endrawati, T. (2016). Kemampuan sosialisasi dan gerak manipulatif anak usia dini. Fip UnjSumantri, M. S., & Endrawati, T. (2016). Kemampuan Sosialisasi Dan Gerak Manipulatif Anak Usia Dini. Fip Unj.
Syofian, M., & Gazali, N. (2021). Kajian literatur: Dampak covid-19 terhadap pendidikan jasmani. Journal of Sport Education (JOPE), 3(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.31258/jope.3.2.93-102
van den Tillaar, R., & Ettema, G. (2004). Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(4), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-1019-8
Van den Tillaar, R., & Ettema, G. (2003). Influence of instruction on velocity and accuracy of overarm throwing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 96(2), 423–434. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pms.2003.96.2.423?journalCode=pmsb
Wicaksono, A. (2020). Aktivitas Fisik Yang Aman Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan Undiksha, 8(1), 10–15. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJIK/article/view/28446
Wilk, K. E., Meister, K., & Andrews, J. R. (2002). Current Concepts in the Rehabilitation of the Overhead Throwing Athlete. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(1), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300011201
Wilke, J., Mohr, L., Tenforde, A. S., Edouard, P., Fossati, C., González-Gross, M., Sánchez RamÃrez, C., Laiño, F., Tan, B., Pillay, J. D., Pigozzi, F., Jimenez-Pavon, D., Novak, B., Jaunig, J., Zhang, M., van Poppel, M., Heidt, C., Willwacher, S., Yuki, G., … Hollander, K. (2021). A Pandemic within the Pandemic? Physical Activity Levels Substantially Decreased in Countries Affected by COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2235. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052235
Woods, J. A., Hutchinson, N. T., Powers, S. K., Roberts, W. O., Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Radak, Z., Berkes, I., Boros, A., Boldogh, I., Leeuwenburgh, C., Coelho-Júnior, H. J., Marzetti, E., Cheng, Y., Liu, J., Durstine, J. L., Sun, J., & Ji, L. L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity. Sports Medicine and Health Science, 2(2), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2020.05.006
Published
2023-06-08
Section
Articles
