Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transaksional Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja
Keywords:
Transactional Leadership, Job Saticfaction, Organization Performance.
Abstract
Kepemimpinan merupakan konsep penting dalam sistem tata kelola organisasi, penelitian inin bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemimpinan transactional terhadap job satisfaction dan organizational performance dan job satisfaction berpengaruh terhadap organizational performance. Desain atau metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dimana desain survey cross-sectional digunakan untuk menggumpulkan data dari 97 perawat yang dijadikan sampel dengan Teknik penggambilan sampel menggunalkan teknik simple random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunaan SEM PlS versi 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transactional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap organisational performance. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa ketika pemimpin sektor rumah sakit pemerintah daerah atau pemimpin pengawas menunjukkan kepemimpinan yang lebih transactional, maka akan meningkatkan job satisfaction bawahannya. Hipotesis kedua penelitian ini menguji pengaruh job satisfaction terhadap organizational performance di sektor RSUD Genteng bahwa job satisfaction berpengaruh positif signifikkan terhadap organizational performance bahwa ketika perawat puas terhadap pekerjaannya hal tersebut dianggap sebagai unsur penting bagi kinerja atau kesuksesan rumah sakit. Pengaruh transactional leadership terhadap organizational performance di sektor RSUD Genteng. Hasil temuan secara empiris menunjukkan bahwa gaya transactional leadership berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap organizational performance bahwa ketika pemimpin sektor rumah sakit pemerintah daerah atau pemimpin pengawas menunjukkan kepemimpinan yang lebih transactional, maka akan meningkatkan organizational performance di rumah sakit.
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Andersen, J. A. (2016). An Old Man and The “Sea of Leadership.” Journal of Leadership Studies, 9(4), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21422
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Chen, C.-F. (2006). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and flight attendants’ turnover intentions: A note. Journal of Air Transport Management, 12(5), 274–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2006.05.001
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Hair, Joseph and Hult, G. Tomas M. and Ringle, Christian and Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM). Sage publication. Inc.
Hassi, A. (2019). “You get what you appreciate”: Effects of leadership on job satisfaction, affective commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(3), 786–811. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-08-2018-1506
Hilton, S. K., Arkorful, H., & Martins, A. (2021). Democratic leadership and organizational performance: the moderating effect of contingent reward. Management Research Review, 44(7), 1042–1058. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2020-0237
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İşcan, Ö. F., Ersarı, G., & Naktiyok, A. (2014). Effect of Leadership Style on Perceived Organizational Performance and Innovation: The Role of Transformational Leadership Beyond the Impact of Transactional Leadership – An Application among Turkish SME’s. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 881–889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.097
Jabeen, F., Behery, M., & Abu Elanain, H. (2015). Examining the relationship between the psychological contract and organisational commitment. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 23(1), 102–122. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-10-2014-0812
Joseph, O. O., & Kibera, F. (2019). Organizational Culture and Performance: Evidence From Microfinance Institutions in Kenya. SAGE Open, 9(1), 215824401983593. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019835934
Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.5.755
Khalique, M., Hina, K., Ramayah, T., & Shaari, J. A. N. bin. (2020). Intellectual capital in tourism SMEs in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(3), 333–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2018-0206
Koech, P. M., & Namusonge, G. (2012). The Effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance at State Corporations in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Commerce, 2(1), 1–12. www.ijbcnet.com
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McShane, S., & Glinow, M. A. Von. (2010). Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior. Pearson Education,Limited, 10(Chapter 4), 184–196.
Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Vandenberghe, C. (2004). Employee Commitment and Motivation: A Conceptual Analysis and Integrative Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.991
Mickson, M. K., & Anlesinya, A. (2020). Enhancing job satisfaction among local government servants in Ghana: The relative roles of diverse leadership behaviours. International Journal of Public Leadership, 16(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPL-03-2019-0007
Nazarian, A., Soares, A., & Lottermoser, B. (2017). Inherited organizational performance? The perceptions of generation Y on the influence of leadership styles. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 38(8), 1078–1094. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2016-0119
O’Reilly, C. A., Caldwell, D. F., Chatman, J. A., & Doerr, B. (2014). The Promise and Problems of Organizational Culture. Group & Organization Management, 39(6), 595–625. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601114550713
Pang, K., & Lu, C.-S. (2018a). Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/MABR-03-2018-0007
Pang, K., & Lu, C. S. (2018b). Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance: An empirical study of container shipping companies in Taiwan. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/MABR-03-2018-0007
Pedraja-Rejas, L., Rodríguez-Ponce, E., Delgado-Almonte, M., & Rodríguez-Ponce, J. (2006). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: a Study of Their Influence in Small Companies. Ingeniare. Revista Chilena de Ingeniería, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33052006000100010
Piccolo, R. F., & Colquitt, J. A. (2006). Transformational leadership and job behaviors: The mediating role of core job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.20786079
Riketta, M. (2008). The causal relation between job attitudes and performance: A meta-analysis of panel studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.472
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2007). In the Eyes of the Beholder: Personality and the Perception of Leadership 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(10), 2345–2363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00261.x
Scroggins, W. A. (2008). The Relationship Between Employee Fit Perceptions, Job Performance, and Retention: Implications of Perceived Fit. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 20(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-007-9060-0
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (Seventh edition). Wiley.
Sosik, J.J. and Jung, D. I. (2010). Full Range Leadership Development: Pathways for People, Profit and Planet. Routledge.
Turner, J. R., & Müller, R. (2005). The Project Manager’s Leadership Style as a Success Factor on Projects: A Literature Review. Project Management Journal, 36(2), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697280503600206
Walumbwa, F. O., Wu, C., & Orwa, B. (2008). Contingent reward transactional leadership, work attitudes, and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of procedural justice climate perceptions and strength. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(3), 251–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.03.004
Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction. Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 173–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1
Wilson, D.C. and Rosenfeld, R. H. (1990). Managing Organizations. McGraw Hill.
Yassin Sheikh Ali, A., Abdiaziz Sidow, M., & Salad Guleid, H. (2013). Leadership styles and job satisfaction: empirical evidence from Mogadishu universities. European Journal of Management Sciences and Economics, 1(1), 1–10. www.marynsam.co.uk
Yiing, L. H., & Ahmad, K. Z. Bin. (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(1), 53–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730910927106
Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in Organisations. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Yulk, G. A. (2010). Leadership in Organisations, (7th ed). Upper Saddle River.
Zagorsek, H., Dimovski, V., & Skerlavaj, M. (2009). Transactional and transformational leadership impacts on organizational learning Author ( s ): Hugo Zagoršek , Vlado Dimovski and Miha Škerlavaj Published by : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stable URL : http://www.jstor.com/stable/23281128 REFERENCES Link. Journal of East European Management Studies, 14(2), 144–165.
Zhao, H., Teng, H., & Wu, Q. (2018). The effect of corporate culture on firm performance: Evidence from China. China Journal of Accounting Research, 11(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2018.01.003.
Akehurst, G., Comeche, J. M., & Galindo, M.-A. (2009). Job satisfaction and commitment in the entrepreneurial SME. Small Business Economics, 32(3), 277–289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9116-z
Al Khajeh, E. H. (2018). Impact of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance. Journal of Human Resources Management Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.687849
Albion, M. J., & Gagliardi, R. E. (2007). A study of transformational leadership, organisational change and job satisfaction. 7th Industrial & Organisational Psychology Conference and 1st Asia Pacific Congress on Work and Organisational Psychology, 1–5. https://research.usq.edu.au/item/9y5v9/a-study-of-transformational-leadership-organisational-change-and-job-satisfaction
Alonderiene, R., & Majauskaite, M. (2016). Leadership style and job satisfaction in higher education institutions. International Journal of Educational Management, 30(1), 140–164. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-08-2014-0106
Amin, M., Shah, S., & Tatlah, I. A. (2013). Impact of Principals / Directors’ Leadership Styles on Job Satisfaction of the Faculty Members: Perceptions of the Faculty Members in a Public University of Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 7(2), 16.
Andersen, J. A. (2016). An Old Man and The “Sea of Leadership.” Journal of Leadership Studies, 9(4), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21422
Bass, B.M. and Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Psychology Press, NJ.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectation. Free Press, New York, NY.
Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(90)90061-S
Bhal, K. T., & Ansari, M. A. (2007). Leader‐member exchange‐subordinate outcomes relationship: role of voice and justice. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28(1), 20–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730710718227
Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., & Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The Impact of Autocratic and Democratic Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction. International Business Research, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n2p192
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. Harper and Row Publishers.
Chen, C.-F. (2006). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and flight attendants’ turnover intentions: A note. Journal of Air Transport Management, 12(5), 274–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2006.05.001
Dartey-Baah, K., & Ampofo, E. (2016). “Carrot and stick” leadership style. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 7(3), 328–345. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-04-2014-0029
De Cremer, D. (2003). Why inconsistent leadership is regarded as procedurally unfair: the importance of social self‐esteem concerns. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33(4), 535–550. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.162
Den Hartog, D.N. and Koopman, P. L. (2001). Leadership in organizations”, in Anderson, N., Ones, D.S., Sinangil, H.K. and Viswesvaran, C. (Eds), Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology. Sage Publications.
Dubrin, A.J. and Dalglish, C. (2003). Leadership: An Australian Focus. John Wiley and Sons.
Elenkov, D. S. (2002). Effects of leadership on organizational performance in Russian companies. Journal of Business Research, 55(6), 467–480. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(00)00174-0
Eliophotou Menon, M. (2014). The relationship between transformational leadership, perceived leader effectiveness and teachers’ job satisfaction. Journal of Educational Administration, 52(4), 509–528. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-01-2013-0014
Furnham, A., Eracleous, A., & Chamorro‐Premuzic, T. (2009). Personality, motivation and job satisfaction: Hertzberg meets the Big Five. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24(8), 765–779. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940910996789
Gavrea, C., Ilies, L., & Stegerean, R. (2011). Determinants of organizational performance: The case of Romania. Management & Marketing, 6(2), 285–300. http://search.proquest.com/docview/878040710?accountid=14484%5Cnhttp://www.tdnet.com/bgu/resolver/default.asp??genre=article&issn=18420206&volume=6&issue=2&title=Management+&+Marketing&spage=285&date=2011-04-01&atitle=DETERMINANTS+OF+ORGANIZATIONAL+PERFOR
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2018). (2018). on Multivariate Data Analysis Joseph F . Hair Jr . William C . Black Eight Edition. In International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis (Vol. 1, Issue 2).
Hair, Joseph and Hult, G. Tomas M. and Ringle, Christian and Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM). Sage publication. Inc.
Hassi, A. (2019). “You get what you appreciate”: Effects of leadership on job satisfaction, affective commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(3), 786–811. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-08-2018-1506
Hilton, S. K., Arkorful, H., & Martins, A. (2021). Democratic leadership and organizational performance: the moderating effect of contingent reward. Management Research Review, 44(7), 1042–1058. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2020-0237
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2023). Dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational performance: the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-02-2021-0152
İşcan, Ö. F., Ersarı, G., & Naktiyok, A. (2014). Effect of Leadership Style on Perceived Organizational Performance and Innovation: The Role of Transformational Leadership Beyond the Impact of Transactional Leadership – An Application among Turkish SME’s. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 881–889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.097
Jabeen, F., Behery, M., & Abu Elanain, H. (2015). Examining the relationship between the psychological contract and organisational commitment. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 23(1), 102–122. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-10-2014-0812
Joseph, O. O., & Kibera, F. (2019). Organizational Culture and Performance: Evidence From Microfinance Institutions in Kenya. SAGE Open, 9(1), 215824401983593. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019835934
Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.5.755
Khalique, M., Hina, K., Ramayah, T., & Shaari, J. A. N. bin. (2020). Intellectual capital in tourism SMEs in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(3), 333–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2018-0206
Koech, P. M., & Namusonge, G. (2012). The Effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance at State Corporations in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Commerce, 2(1), 1–12. www.ijbcnet.com
Koontz, H. and Donnell, C. (1993). Introduction to Management.
Lussier, R.N. and Achua, C. . (2004). Leadership: Theory, Application, Skill Development (M. Thomson (ed.)).
McShane, S., & Glinow, M. A. Von. (2010). Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior. Pearson Education,Limited, 10(Chapter 4), 184–196.
Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Vandenberghe, C. (2004). Employee Commitment and Motivation: A Conceptual Analysis and Integrative Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 991–1007. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.991
Mickson, M. K., & Anlesinya, A. (2020). Enhancing job satisfaction among local government servants in Ghana: The relative roles of diverse leadership behaviours. International Journal of Public Leadership, 16(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPL-03-2019-0007
Nazarian, A., Soares, A., & Lottermoser, B. (2017). Inherited organizational performance? The perceptions of generation Y on the influence of leadership styles. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 38(8), 1078–1094. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2016-0119
O’Reilly, C. A., Caldwell, D. F., Chatman, J. A., & Doerr, B. (2014). The Promise and Problems of Organizational Culture. Group & Organization Management, 39(6), 595–625. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601114550713
Pang, K., & Lu, C.-S. (2018a). Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/MABR-03-2018-0007
Pang, K., & Lu, C. S. (2018b). Organizational motivation, employee job satisfaction and organizational performance: An empirical study of container shipping companies in Taiwan. Maritime Business Review, 3(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/MABR-03-2018-0007
Pedraja-Rejas, L., Rodríguez-Ponce, E., Delgado-Almonte, M., & Rodríguez-Ponce, J. (2006). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: a Study of Their Influence in Small Companies. Ingeniare. Revista Chilena de Ingeniería, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33052006000100010
Piccolo, R. F., & Colquitt, J. A. (2006). Transformational leadership and job behaviors: The mediating role of core job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.20786079
Riketta, M. (2008). The causal relation between job attitudes and performance: A meta-analysis of panel studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 472–481. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.472
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2007). In the Eyes of the Beholder: Personality and the Perception of Leadership 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(10), 2345–2363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00261.x
Scroggins, W. A. (2008). The Relationship Between Employee Fit Perceptions, Job Performance, and Retention: Implications of Perceived Fit. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 20(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-007-9060-0
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (Seventh edition). Wiley.
Sosik, J.J. and Jung, D. I. (2010). Full Range Leadership Development: Pathways for People, Profit and Planet. Routledge.
Turner, J. R., & Müller, R. (2005). The Project Manager’s Leadership Style as a Success Factor on Projects: A Literature Review. Project Management Journal, 36(2), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/875697280503600206
Walumbwa, F. O., Wu, C., & Orwa, B. (2008). Contingent reward transactional leadership, work attitudes, and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of procedural justice climate perceptions and strength. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(3), 251–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.03.004
Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction. Human Resource Management Review, 12(2), 173–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1
Wilson, D.C. and Rosenfeld, R. H. (1990). Managing Organizations. McGraw Hill.
Yassin Sheikh Ali, A., Abdiaziz Sidow, M., & Salad Guleid, H. (2013). Leadership styles and job satisfaction: empirical evidence from Mogadishu universities. European Journal of Management Sciences and Economics, 1(1), 1–10. www.marynsam.co.uk
Yiing, L. H., & Ahmad, K. Z. Bin. (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(1), 53–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730910927106
Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in Organisations. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Yulk, G. A. (2010). Leadership in Organisations, (7th ed). Upper Saddle River.
Zagorsek, H., Dimovski, V., & Skerlavaj, M. (2009). Transactional and transformational leadership impacts on organizational learning Author ( s ): Hugo Zagoršek , Vlado Dimovski and Miha Škerlavaj Published by : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stable URL : http://www.jstor.com/stable/23281128 REFERENCES Link. Journal of East European Management Studies, 14(2), 144–165.
Zhao, H., Teng, H., & Wu, Q. (2018). The effect of corporate culture on firm performance: Evidence from China. China Journal of Accounting Research, 11(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2018.01.003.
Published
2024-07-01
Section
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Copyright (c) 2024 Relinda Puspitasari, Mohammad Fakhruddin Mudzakkir
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