Analisis Faktor Risiko Kematian dengan Penyakit Komorbid Covid-19
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze comorbid diseases as a risk factor for death due to COVID-19 at Bhakti Dharma Husada Hospital Surabaya. This research method is an observational analytic study with a retrospective study design. The results showed that 358 patients were infected with COVID-19 and confirmed with nose and throat swabs. Sixty-six patients (18%) died from COVID-19. 60.6% were male (OR 1.87, P 0.041), 22.7% aged> 64 years (OR 2.097, P 0.041), and 83.3% of them were co-risk factors. Diabetes mellitus (30.3%) (OR 4,348, P 0,000), and cardiovascular disease (10.6%) (OR 4,319, P 0.016) were the highest risk factors for death in COVID-19. In conclusion, men, old age, diabetes, and hypertension are risk factors for death in COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Diabetes, Hypertension, Comorbid, Elderly, Mortality
References
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Bai, Y., Yao, L., Wei, T., Tian, F., Jin, D. Y., Chen, L., & Wang, M. (2020). Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19. In JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association (Vol. 323, Issue 14, pp. 1406–1407). https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2565
Chan, J. F. W., Yuan, S., Kok, K. H., To, K. K. W., Chu, H., Yang, J., Xing, F., Liu, J., Yip, C. C. Y., Poon, R. W. S., Tsoi, H. W., Lo, S. K. F., Chan, K. H., Poon, V. K. M., Chan, W. M., Ip, J. D., Cai, J. P., Cheng, V. C. C., Chen, H., & Yuen, K. Y. (2020). A Familial Cluster of Pneumonia Associated with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Indicating Person-to-Person Transmission: A Study of a Family Cluster. The Lancet, 395(10223), 514–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., Holden, K. A., Read, J. M., Dondelinger, F., Carson, G., Merson, L., Lee, J., Plotkin, D., Sigfrid, L., Halpin, S., Jackson, C., Gamble, C., Horby, P. W., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 16,749 Hospitalised UK Patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol. medRxiv, 2020.04.23.20076042. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.23.20076042
Fang, Y., Zhang, H., Xie, J., Lin, M., Ying, L., Pang, P., & Ji, W. (2020). Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR. Radiology, 200432. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200432
Gorbalenya, A. E., Baker, S. C., Baric, R. S., Groot, R. J. De, Gulyaeva, A. A., Haagmans, B. L., Lauber, C., & Leontovich, A. M. (2020). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus: The Species and Its Viruses – A Statement of the Coronavirus Study Group. Biorxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.07.937862
Han, Y., & Yang, H. (2020). The Transmission and Diagnosis of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection Disease (COVID-19): A Chinese Perspective. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(6), 639–644. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25749
Ji, W., Wang, W., Zhao, X., Zai, J., & Li, X. (2020). Cross-Species Transmission of the Newly Identified Coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25682
Longato, E., Fadini, G. P., Sparacino, G., Gubian, L., & Di Camillo, B. (2020). Prediction of Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetes from Pharmacy Administrative Claims. 20th IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference, Melecon 2020 - Proceedings, 315–320. https://doi.org/10.1109/MELECON48756.2020.9140600
Mantovani, A., Byrne, C. D., Zheng, M. H., & Targher, G. (2020). Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Greater COVID-19 Severity and in-Hospital Death: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 30(8), 1236–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.014
Moana, N. (2020). Konsep Isolasi dalam Jaringan Sosial untuk Meminimalisasi Efek Contagious (Kasus Penyebaran Virus Corona di Indonesia). Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Terapan, 2(2), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.7454/jsht.v2i2.86
Setiawan, A. R. (2020). Lembar Kegiatan Literasi Saintifik untuk Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Topik Penyakit Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 2(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v2i1.80
The Lancet. (2020). The Gendered Dimensions of COVID-19. In The Lancet (Vol. 395, Issue 10231, p. 1168). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30823-0
Wang, B., Li, R., Lu, Z., & Huang, Y. (2020). Does Comorbidity Increase the Risk of Patients with Covid-19: Evidence from Meta-Analysis. Aging, 12(7), 6049–6057. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103000
Wenham, C., Smith, J., & Morgan, R. (2020). COVID-19: the Gendered Impacts of the Outbreak. In The Lancet (Vol. 395, Issue 10227, pp. 846–848). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2
Yang, W., & Yan, F. (2020). Patients with RT-PCR-Confirmed COVID-19 and Normal Chest CT. Radiology, 41(1), 43–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802267804100122
Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical Course and Risk Factors for Mortality of Adult Inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet, 395(10229), 1054–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., Lu, R., Niu, P., Zhan, F., Ma, X., Wang, D., Xu, W., Wu, G., Gao, G. F., & Tan, W. (2020). A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 727–733. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
Zulva, T. N. I. (2019). Covid-19 Dan Kecenderungan Psikosomatis. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9), 1689–1699
Published
2020-11-10
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2020 Raden Muhammad Ali Satria, Resty Varia Tutupoho, Djazuly Chalidyanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
