Pengalaman Lanjut Usia dalam Menghadapi Situasi Paska Tsunami
Abstract
This study aims to explore the experiences of older people in dealing with post-tsunami situations. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The study results obtained five main themes: the feelings that emerged during the tsunami, the impact of the tsunami, efforts to deal with post-tsunami trauma, sources of support for participants, and how to build self-confidence after the tsunami. In conclusion, the tsunami was a disaster that caused fear, sadness, anxiety, and trauma to those who experienced it. In addition to negative feelings, the tsunami caused the loss of lives of loved ones and property for the victims. Efforts were made to eliminate trauma and build self-confidence (self-efficacy) by telling each other stories to neighbors, praying and surrendering, and being optimistic about living a post-Tsunami life because of family members who survived.
Keywords: Elderly, Post Tsunami, Experience
References
Adams, R. M., Eisenman, D. P., & Glik, D. (2019). Community Advantage and Individual Self-Efficacy Promote Disaster Preparedness: A Multilevel Model Among Persons with Disabilities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152779
Apriyeni, E., & Patricia, H. (2021). Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Efikasi Diri Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(3), 563–568. https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v13i3.1425
Baral, I. A., & Bhagawati, K. C. (2019). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Coping Strategies Among Adult Survivors of Earthquake, Nepal. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2090-y
BNPB. (2018). Info Bencana Edisi Desember 2018. https://bnpb.go.id/buku/info-bencana-desember-2018
Bui, B. K. H., Anglewicz, P., & VanLandingham, M. J. (2021). The Impact of Early Social Support on Subsequent Health Recovery after a Major Disaster: A Longitudinal Analysis. SSM - Population Health, 14(March), 100779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100779
Direja, A. H. S., & Wulan, S. (2018). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kesiapsiagaan Tenaga Kesehatan dalam Menghadapi Bencana Gempabumi dan Tsunami. Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana, 9(2), 102-115. https://bnpb.go.id/storage/app/media/uploads/24/jurnal-vol-9-no-2-2018.pdf
Fitrah, A., Suroso, D. S. A., & Asbi, A. M. (2020). Kesesuaian Rencana Pola Ruang Kabupaten Lampung Selatan terhadap Tingkat Risiko Tsunami. Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana, 11(2), 167–177. https://www.bnpb.go.id/jurnal/jurnal-dialog-penanggulangan-bencana-vol-11-no-2-tahun-2020
Gordon, B. G. (2020). Vulnerability in Research: Basic Ethical Concepts and General Approach to Review. Ochsner Journal, 20(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0079
Iswari, M. F. (2020). Kegawatdaruratan Psikologis Berupa Tingkat Stres, Kecemasan dan Depresi Korban Gempa, Tsunami dan Likuifaksi di Wilayah Pantoloan Kabupaten Donggala Palu Sulawesi Tengah. Masker Medika, 8(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.52523/maskermedika.v8i1.377
Kako, M., & Mayner, L. (2018). The Experience of Older People in Japan Four Years after the Tsunami. Collegian, 26(1), 125-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2018.06.001
Kaufman, N. (2022, September 6). Mastery Experiences Drive Self-Efficacy. Canary Health. https://www.canaryhealth.com/mastery-experiences-drive-self-efficacy/
Kiik, S. M., Sahar, J., & Permatasari, H. (2018). Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Lanjut Usia (Lansia) Di Kota Depok dengan Latihan Keseimbangan. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 21(2), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v21i2.584
Kino, S., Aida, J., Kondo, K., & Kawachi, I. (2021). Persistent Mental Health Impacts of Disaster. Five-Year Follow-Up After The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Iwanuma Study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 136(May 2020), 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.016
Laksmita, O. D., Chung, M. H., Liao, Y. M., & Chang, P. C. (2020). Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Indonesian Adolescent Disaster Survivors: A Psychometric Evaluation. PLoS ONE, 15(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229958
Makahaghi, Y. B., & Surudani, C. J. (2021). Pengalaman Keluarga Menghadapi Trauma Pasca Bencana Alam di Kampung Lebo Kecamatan Manganitu. Jurnal Ilmiah Sesebanua, 5(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.54484/jis.v5i1.367
Mann, C. L., Gillezeau, C. N., Massazza, A., Lyons, D. J., Tanaka, K., Yonekura, K., Sekine, H., Yanagisawa, R., & Katz, C. L. (2018). Fukushima Triple Disaster and the Road to Recovery: a Qualitative Exploration of Resilience in Internally Displaced Residents. Psychiatric Quarterly, 89(2), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9542-7
Mızrak, S., & Turan, M. (2022). Effect of Individual Characteristics, Risk Perception, Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Willingness to Relocate Due to Floods and Landslides. Natural Hazards, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-022-05731-y
Mutianingsih, M., Mustikasari, M., & Panjaitan, R. U. (2021). Factors That Affect the Psychological Preparedness of the Elderly In Earthquake Prone Areas. EnfermerÃa ClÃnica, 31(2), S261–S265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.12.033
Rachmawati, S., Hidayat, D. R., & Badrujaman, A. (2021). Self-Efficacy : Literatur Review. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bimbingan dan Konseling Universitas Negeri Malang, 90–99. http://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/bk/article/view/2226
Rimayati, E. (2019). Konseling Traumatik Dengan CBT: Pendekatan dalam Mereduksi Trauma Masyarakat Pasca Bencana Tsunami di Selat Sunda. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application, 8(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijgc.v8i1.28273
Shang, F., Kaniasty, K., Cowlishaw, S., Wade, D., Ma, H., & Forbes, D. (2022). The Impact of Received Social Support on Posttraumatic Growth after Disaster: The Importance of Both Support Quantity and Quality. Psychological Trauma : Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 14(7), 1134–1141. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000541
Sone, T., Sugawara, Y., Tanji, F., Nakaya, N., Tomita, H., & Tsuji, I. (2021). The Association Between Psychological Distress and Risk of Incident Functional Disability in Elderly Survivors after The Great East Japan Earthquake: The Mediating Effect of Lifestyle and Bodily Pain. Journal of Affective Disorders, 295, 552–558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.068
Soonthornchaiya, R., Tuicomepee, A., & Romano, J. L. (2019). Impacts of Tsunami Disaster in Thai Elderly Survivors. Ageing International, 44(2), 154–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-018-9324-z
Sumarni, S., Triwirasto, T., Kusumadewi, A. F., Yuliani, S., Dwi, D., & Kusumaningrum, N. (2019). Penanggulangan Depresi Lansia Pascaerupsi Gunung Merapi Melalui Permainan Humor Berbasis Kearifan Budaya Lokal pada Kader Yandu Lansia. Journal of Community Empowerment for Health, 2(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.41290
Wang, Z., Han, Z., Liu, L., & Yu, S. (2021). Place Attachment and Household Disaster Preparedness: Examining the Mediation Role of Self-Efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115565
Wijaya, A. R., Ulfiana, E., & Has, E. M. M. (2020). Studi Fenomenologi tentang Resiliensi Lansia Pasca Tsunami: Studi Kualitatif. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 5(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijchn.v5i1.17552
Ye, L., Kanamori, H., Rivera, L., Lay, T., Zhou, Y., Sianipar, D., & Satake, K. (2020). The 22 December 2018 Tsunami From Flank Collapse of Anak Krakatau Volcano During Eruption. Science Advances, 6(3), eaaz1377. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1377
Zalta, A. K., Tirone, V., Orlowska, D., Blais, R. K., Klassen, B., Held, P., Stevens, N. R., Adkins, E., & Dent, A. L. (2022). Examining Moderators of the Relationship between Social Support and Self-Reported PTSD Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis. HHS Public Access, 147(1), 33-54. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000316
Zhu, Z., Zhu, D., Jiang, Y., Lin, Y., Yang, Y., & Luan, W. (2021). Cross-Sectional Study on the SF-36, the General Self-Efficacy, the Social Support, and the Health Promoting Lifestyle of the Young Elderly in a Community in Shanghai, China. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(1), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-20-2462
Apriyeni, E., & Patricia, H. (2021). Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Efikasi Diri Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(3), 563–568. https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v13i3.1425
Baral, I. A., & Bhagawati, K. C. (2019). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Coping Strategies Among Adult Survivors of Earthquake, Nepal. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2090-y
BNPB. (2018). Info Bencana Edisi Desember 2018. https://bnpb.go.id/buku/info-bencana-desember-2018
Bui, B. K. H., Anglewicz, P., & VanLandingham, M. J. (2021). The Impact of Early Social Support on Subsequent Health Recovery after a Major Disaster: A Longitudinal Analysis. SSM - Population Health, 14(March), 100779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100779
Direja, A. H. S., & Wulan, S. (2018). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kesiapsiagaan Tenaga Kesehatan dalam Menghadapi Bencana Gempabumi dan Tsunami. Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana, 9(2), 102-115. https://bnpb.go.id/storage/app/media/uploads/24/jurnal-vol-9-no-2-2018.pdf
Fitrah, A., Suroso, D. S. A., & Asbi, A. M. (2020). Kesesuaian Rencana Pola Ruang Kabupaten Lampung Selatan terhadap Tingkat Risiko Tsunami. Jurnal Dialog Penanggulangan Bencana, 11(2), 167–177. https://www.bnpb.go.id/jurnal/jurnal-dialog-penanggulangan-bencana-vol-11-no-2-tahun-2020
Gordon, B. G. (2020). Vulnerability in Research: Basic Ethical Concepts and General Approach to Review. Ochsner Journal, 20(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0079
Iswari, M. F. (2020). Kegawatdaruratan Psikologis Berupa Tingkat Stres, Kecemasan dan Depresi Korban Gempa, Tsunami dan Likuifaksi di Wilayah Pantoloan Kabupaten Donggala Palu Sulawesi Tengah. Masker Medika, 8(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.52523/maskermedika.v8i1.377
Kako, M., & Mayner, L. (2018). The Experience of Older People in Japan Four Years after the Tsunami. Collegian, 26(1), 125-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2018.06.001
Kaufman, N. (2022, September 6). Mastery Experiences Drive Self-Efficacy. Canary Health. https://www.canaryhealth.com/mastery-experiences-drive-self-efficacy/
Kiik, S. M., Sahar, J., & Permatasari, H. (2018). Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Lanjut Usia (Lansia) Di Kota Depok dengan Latihan Keseimbangan. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 21(2), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v21i2.584
Kino, S., Aida, J., Kondo, K., & Kawachi, I. (2021). Persistent Mental Health Impacts of Disaster. Five-Year Follow-Up After The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Iwanuma Study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 136(May 2020), 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.016
Laksmita, O. D., Chung, M. H., Liao, Y. M., & Chang, P. C. (2020). Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Indonesian Adolescent Disaster Survivors: A Psychometric Evaluation. PLoS ONE, 15(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229958
Makahaghi, Y. B., & Surudani, C. J. (2021). Pengalaman Keluarga Menghadapi Trauma Pasca Bencana Alam di Kampung Lebo Kecamatan Manganitu. Jurnal Ilmiah Sesebanua, 5(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.54484/jis.v5i1.367
Mann, C. L., Gillezeau, C. N., Massazza, A., Lyons, D. J., Tanaka, K., Yonekura, K., Sekine, H., Yanagisawa, R., & Katz, C. L. (2018). Fukushima Triple Disaster and the Road to Recovery: a Qualitative Exploration of Resilience in Internally Displaced Residents. Psychiatric Quarterly, 89(2), 383–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9542-7
Mızrak, S., & Turan, M. (2022). Effect of Individual Characteristics, Risk Perception, Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Willingness to Relocate Due to Floods and Landslides. Natural Hazards, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-022-05731-y
Mutianingsih, M., Mustikasari, M., & Panjaitan, R. U. (2021). Factors That Affect the Psychological Preparedness of the Elderly In Earthquake Prone Areas. EnfermerÃa ClÃnica, 31(2), S261–S265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.12.033
Rachmawati, S., Hidayat, D. R., & Badrujaman, A. (2021). Self-Efficacy : Literatur Review. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bimbingan dan Konseling Universitas Negeri Malang, 90–99. http://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/bk/article/view/2226
Rimayati, E. (2019). Konseling Traumatik Dengan CBT: Pendekatan dalam Mereduksi Trauma Masyarakat Pasca Bencana Tsunami di Selat Sunda. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application, 8(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijgc.v8i1.28273
Shang, F., Kaniasty, K., Cowlishaw, S., Wade, D., Ma, H., & Forbes, D. (2022). The Impact of Received Social Support on Posttraumatic Growth after Disaster: The Importance of Both Support Quantity and Quality. Psychological Trauma : Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 14(7), 1134–1141. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000541
Sone, T., Sugawara, Y., Tanji, F., Nakaya, N., Tomita, H., & Tsuji, I. (2021). The Association Between Psychological Distress and Risk of Incident Functional Disability in Elderly Survivors after The Great East Japan Earthquake: The Mediating Effect of Lifestyle and Bodily Pain. Journal of Affective Disorders, 295, 552–558. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.068
Soonthornchaiya, R., Tuicomepee, A., & Romano, J. L. (2019). Impacts of Tsunami Disaster in Thai Elderly Survivors. Ageing International, 44(2), 154–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-018-9324-z
Sumarni, S., Triwirasto, T., Kusumadewi, A. F., Yuliani, S., Dwi, D., & Kusumaningrum, N. (2019). Penanggulangan Depresi Lansia Pascaerupsi Gunung Merapi Melalui Permainan Humor Berbasis Kearifan Budaya Lokal pada Kader Yandu Lansia. Journal of Community Empowerment for Health, 2(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.22146/jcoemph.41290
Wang, Z., Han, Z., Liu, L., & Yu, S. (2021). Place Attachment and Household Disaster Preparedness: Examining the Mediation Role of Self-Efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115565
Wijaya, A. R., Ulfiana, E., & Has, E. M. M. (2020). Studi Fenomenologi tentang Resiliensi Lansia Pasca Tsunami: Studi Kualitatif. Indonesian Journal of Community Health Nursing, 5(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijchn.v5i1.17552
Ye, L., Kanamori, H., Rivera, L., Lay, T., Zhou, Y., Sianipar, D., & Satake, K. (2020). The 22 December 2018 Tsunami From Flank Collapse of Anak Krakatau Volcano During Eruption. Science Advances, 6(3), eaaz1377. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1377
Zalta, A. K., Tirone, V., Orlowska, D., Blais, R. K., Klassen, B., Held, P., Stevens, N. R., Adkins, E., & Dent, A. L. (2022). Examining Moderators of the Relationship between Social Support and Self-Reported PTSD Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis. HHS Public Access, 147(1), 33-54. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000316
Zhu, Z., Zhu, D., Jiang, Y., Lin, Y., Yang, Y., & Luan, W. (2021). Cross-Sectional Study on the SF-36, the General Self-Efficacy, the Social Support, and the Health Promoting Lifestyle of the Young Elderly in a Community in Shanghai, China. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(1), 518–529. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-20-2462
Published
2023-04-09
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2023 Febri Christian, Mustikasari Mustikasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
