Faktor Demografi, Faktor Penyakit, dan Faktor Psikologis terhadap Makna Spiritual Pengalaman Sakit pada ODHA
Abstract
This study aims to identify the relationship between demographic factors (age, gender, latest education, occupation, religion, economic status, marital status), disease factors (initial diagnosis, opportunistic infections, medication adherence), and psychological factors (anxiety and depression). the spiritual meaning of the experience of illness in people with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA) in East Jakarta. This research method uses a descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional study approach. The results of this study in the bivariate analysis obtained a p-value of 0.043, meaning that there is a relationship between age and the spiritual meaning of the experience of pain, in the multivariate analysis, opportunistic infections are the dominant factor associated with the spiritual meaning of pain experiences. In conclusion, opportunistic infections are the dominant factor related to the spiritual meaning of the experience of pain.
Keywords: Demography, Spiritual Meaning, PLWHA, Illness, Psychology
References
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Amin, M., Fredrika, L., & Kartika, D. D. (2019). Pengalaman dan Gangguan Aktivitas Seksualitas Klien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 1(2), 186–195. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v1i2.967
Amin, M., & Lestari, Y. A. (2020). Pengalaman Pasien Vertigo di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lingkar Timur. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i1.1087
Andri, J., Ramon, A., Padila, P., Sartika, A., & Putriana, E. (2020). Pengalaman Pasien ODHA dalam Adaptasi Fisiologis. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 2(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i2.1397
Andrianto, M. B., Mendrofa, F. A. M., & Muin, M. (2019). Hubungan Praktek Keagamaan Islam dengan Koping Religius pada Kelompok Penderita HIV/AIDS di Wilayah Kabupaten Temanggung. 6(2), 129–133. https://doi.org/DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/jskp.v6i2.270
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Anwar, N. (2020). Husnudon dan Penerimaan Diri pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) [Universitas Islam Indonesia]. https://dspace.uii.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/23785/16320093 Nadilah Anwar.pdf
Aurelina, R. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan terhadap Kadar Cluster of Differentiation4 (CD4) pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Medika Hutama, 02(01), 308–313. http://jurnalmedikahutama.com/index.php/JMH/article/view/96
Badanta-Romero, B., de Diego-Cordero, R., & Rivilla-GarcÃa, E. (2018). Influence of Religious and Spiritual Elements on Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(5), 1905–1917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0606-2
Beyene Gebrezgiabher, B., Huluf Abraha, T., Hailu, E., Siyum, H., Mebrahtu, G., Gidey, B., Abay, M., Hintsa, S., & Angesom, T. (2019). Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Depression Research and Treatment, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3250431
Chaiyasit, Y., Thong-on, R., Piboonrungroj, P., & Kotta, P. (2019). the Roles of Spirituality in People Living With Hiv/Aids: a Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. The Bangkok Medical Journal, 15(1), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.31524/bkkmedj.2019.02.020
Dalmida, S. G., McCoy, K., Koenig, H. G., Miller, A., Holstad, M. M. D., Thomas, T., Clayton-Jones, D., Grant, M., Fleming, T., Wirani, M. M., & Mugoya, G. (2017). Examination of the Role of Religious and Psychosocial Factors in HIV Medication Adherence Rates. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(6), 2144–2161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1
Ilham, M., Triliana, R., & Tilaqza, A. (2020). Pengaruh Usia, Gender, Pekerjaan, dan Pembeayaan Kesehatan terhadap Jumlah Rawat Inap dan Infeksi Sekunder pada Pasien HIV di Rumah Sakit X Kota Malang. Jurnal Bio Komplementer Medicine, 7(1), 1–9. http://riset.unisma.ac.id/index.php/jbm/article/view/6638/0
Iswati, I. (2018). Karakteristik Ideal Sikap Religiusitas Pada Masa Dewasa. At-Tajdid : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemikiran Islam, 02(01), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.24127/att.v2i01.859
Jayani, I., & Ruffaida, S. F. (2020). Pengaruh Pendekatan melalui Konseling Interpersonal terhadap Respon Sosial, Emosional dan Spiritual pada Pasien HIV/AIDS. Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(1), 62–73
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Kemenkes RI. (2018). InfoDatin-HIV-AIDS-2018 (p. 12)
Khusnah, H. (2019). Pengaruh Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 17(1), 1–121. http://jurnalnasional.ump.ac.id/index.php/kompartemen/article/view/2825
Kim, S., Kim, E., & Ryu, E. (2019). Illness Perceptions, Self-Care Management, and Clinical Outcomes According to Age-Group in Korean Hemodialysis Patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224459
Krause, N., Pargament, K. I., & Ironson, G. (2017). Spiritual Struggles and Health: Assessing the Influence of Socioeconomic Status. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 56(3), 620–636. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12364
Lasti, M. H. (2017). Analisis Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anmtiretriviral (ARV) pada Komunitas LSL (laki-Laki Sex dengan Laki-Laki) di Kota Parepare Sulawesi Selatan. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Lin, Y. C., Dhaliwal, J. S., Kong, A. Z. H., Chan, L. G., & Tan, P. L. L. (2017). HIV-related stigma as perceived by HIV-positive individuals in Singapore. HIV & AIDS Review, 3(3), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2017.70711
Mahaendriningtiyastuti, M., Yani, E. R., & Suwoyo, S. (2018). Stigma dan Diskriminasi Serta Strategi Koping Pada Orang dengan Hiv/Aids Dikota Ambon. Global Health Science, 3(1), 339–345
Mukti, A., Nasution, A.S. & Lubis, S. (2019). Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Menghempang Perilaku Lesbian Gay Biseksual Transgender di Kota Medan. Attazakki, 3(1), 143–159
Prasojo, D. (2017). Peran Religiusitas Pada Penderita HIV dan AIDS Yang Mengalami Depresi. Jurnal Studia Insania, 5(1), 46–70. https://doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v5i1.1270
Purwandari, Nila, P., Johan, A., & Sujianto, U. (2019). Pengalaman Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan HIV dalam Menghadapi Stigma Sosia HlV/AIDS
Roger, K. S., & Hatala, A. (2018). Religion, spirituality & chronic illness: A scoping review and implications for health care practitioners. Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work, 37(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2017.1386151
Saktina, P., & Satriyasa, B. (2017). Karakteristik Penderita Aids Dan Infeksi Oportunistik Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Periode Juli 2013 Sampai Juni 2014. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, 6(3), 1–6. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/29100
Sari, N. K. (2020). Dinamika Perkembangan Spiritualitas dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Tadbir: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 8(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.30603/tjmpi.v8i1.735
Sarkar, T., Karmakar, N., Dasgupta, A., & Saha, B. (2019). Stigmatization and discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral clinic in a centre of excellence in HIV care in India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 6(3), 1241. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190619
Sarvasti, D. (2020). Pengaruh Gender dan Manifestasi kardiovaskuler pada Covid-19. Indonesian J Cardiol, 41(2), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1004
Sididi, M., Rahman, R., & Yusriani, Y. (2020). High Risk Behaviour Tertular HIV/AIDS pada Anak Buah Kapal. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i2.1470
Syahrina, I. A., & Pranata, ade yuda. (2018). Stigma Internal Hubungannya dengan Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Yayasan Taratak Jiwa Hati Padang. Jurnal Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Wisnuwardhana Malang, 22, 1–17
Umah, K., & Irawanto, D. (2019). Motivasi Spiritual Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Minum Obat ARV pada Pasien Hiv / Aids (Spiritual Motivation to Improve ARV Drug Compliance in Hiv / Aids Patients). Journal of Ners Community, 10(2), 251–263. http://journal.unigres.ac.id/index.php/JNC/article/download/919/771
UNAIDS. (2019). Global HIV and AIDS statistics | AVERT. Averting HIV And Aids, 6–12. http://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/global-statistics
Wicaksono, Y. A., Fitrikasari, A., Sofro, M. A. U., & Peni, H. (2018). Hubungan Stigma dan Terapi ARV dengan Komplikasi Gangguan Psikiatri pada Pasien HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 5(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v5i1.161
Widianti, E. (2018). Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Kematian pada ODHA. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 12(3), 199. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jks.2017.12.3.758
Yuliyanasari, N. (2017). Global Burden Disease – Human Immunodeficiency Virus – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS). 1(1), 65–77. http://journal.um-surabaya.ac.id/index.php/qanunmedika/article/view/385
Amal, A. I., & Khofsoh, E. (2018). Potret Kebutuhan Spiritual Pasien HIV / AIDS. Unissula Press, 1(1), 70–74. http://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/unc/article/download/2889/2103
Amin, M., Fredrika, L., & Kartika, D. D. (2019). Pengalaman dan Gangguan Aktivitas Seksualitas Klien Penyakit Jantung Koroner. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 1(2), 186–195. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v1i2.967
Amin, M., & Lestari, Y. A. (2020). Pengalaman Pasien Vertigo di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lingkar Timur. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i1.1087
Andri, J., Ramon, A., Padila, P., Sartika, A., & Putriana, E. (2020). Pengalaman Pasien ODHA dalam Adaptasi Fisiologis. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 2(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i2.1397
Andrianto, M. B., Mendrofa, F. A. M., & Muin, M. (2019). Hubungan Praktek Keagamaan Islam dengan Koping Religius pada Kelompok Penderita HIV/AIDS di Wilayah Kabupaten Temanggung. 6(2), 129–133. https://doi.org/DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/jskp.v6i2.270
Anetor, G. (2019). Influence of Gender and Demographic Variables on Awareness of Secondary School Students on HIV/AIDS Infection in Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 23(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v23i1.8
Anwar, N. (2020). Husnudon dan Penerimaan Diri pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) [Universitas Islam Indonesia]. https://dspace.uii.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/23785/16320093 Nadilah Anwar.pdf
Aurelina, R. (2020). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan terhadap Kadar Cluster of Differentiation4 (CD4) pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Medika Hutama, 02(01), 308–313. http://jurnalmedikahutama.com/index.php/JMH/article/view/96
Badanta-Romero, B., de Diego-Cordero, R., & Rivilla-GarcÃa, E. (2018). Influence of Religious and Spiritual Elements on Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(5), 1905–1917. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0606-2
Beyene Gebrezgiabher, B., Huluf Abraha, T., Hailu, E., Siyum, H., Mebrahtu, G., Gidey, B., Abay, M., Hintsa, S., & Angesom, T. (2019). Depression among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Attending ART Clinics at Aksum Town, Aksum, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Depression Research and Treatment, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3250431
Chaiyasit, Y., Thong-on, R., Piboonrungroj, P., & Kotta, P. (2019). the Roles of Spirituality in People Living With Hiv/Aids: a Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. The Bangkok Medical Journal, 15(1), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.31524/bkkmedj.2019.02.020
Dalmida, S. G., McCoy, K., Koenig, H. G., Miller, A., Holstad, M. M. D., Thomas, T., Clayton-Jones, D., Grant, M., Fleming, T., Wirani, M. M., & Mugoya, G. (2017). Examination of the Role of Religious and Psychosocial Factors in HIV Medication Adherence Rates. Journal of Religion and Health, 56(6), 2144–2161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0377-1
Ilham, M., Triliana, R., & Tilaqza, A. (2020). Pengaruh Usia, Gender, Pekerjaan, dan Pembeayaan Kesehatan terhadap Jumlah Rawat Inap dan Infeksi Sekunder pada Pasien HIV di Rumah Sakit X Kota Malang. Jurnal Bio Komplementer Medicine, 7(1), 1–9. http://riset.unisma.ac.id/index.php/jbm/article/view/6638/0
Iswati, I. (2018). Karakteristik Ideal Sikap Religiusitas Pada Masa Dewasa. At-Tajdid : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemikiran Islam, 02(01), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.24127/att.v2i01.859
Jayani, I., & Ruffaida, S. F. (2020). Pengaruh Pendekatan melalui Konseling Interpersonal terhadap Respon Sosial, Emosional dan Spiritual pada Pasien HIV/AIDS. Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan, 8(1), 62–73
Kasapoğlu, F., & Yabanigül, A. (2018). Marital Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Effect of Spirituality. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, 3(2), 177–195. https://doi.org/10.37898/spc.2018.3.2.0048
Kemenkes RI. (2018). InfoDatin-HIV-AIDS-2018 (p. 12)
Khusnah, H. (2019). Pengaruh Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja, Komitmen Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, 17(1), 1–121. http://jurnalnasional.ump.ac.id/index.php/kompartemen/article/view/2825
Kim, S., Kim, E., & Ryu, E. (2019). Illness Perceptions, Self-Care Management, and Clinical Outcomes According to Age-Group in Korean Hemodialysis Patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224459
Krause, N., Pargament, K. I., & Ironson, G. (2017). Spiritual Struggles and Health: Assessing the Influence of Socioeconomic Status. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 56(3), 620–636. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12364
Lasti, M. H. (2017). Analisis Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anmtiretriviral (ARV) pada Komunitas LSL (laki-Laki Sex dengan Laki-Laki) di Kota Parepare Sulawesi Selatan. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Lin, Y. C., Dhaliwal, J. S., Kong, A. Z. H., Chan, L. G., & Tan, P. L. L. (2017). HIV-related stigma as perceived by HIV-positive individuals in Singapore. HIV & AIDS Review, 3(3), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2017.70711
Mahaendriningtiyastuti, M., Yani, E. R., & Suwoyo, S. (2018). Stigma dan Diskriminasi Serta Strategi Koping Pada Orang dengan Hiv/Aids Dikota Ambon. Global Health Science, 3(1), 339–345
Mukti, A., Nasution, A.S. & Lubis, S. (2019). Peran Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Menghempang Perilaku Lesbian Gay Biseksual Transgender di Kota Medan. Attazakki, 3(1), 143–159
Prasojo, D. (2017). Peran Religiusitas Pada Penderita HIV dan AIDS Yang Mengalami Depresi. Jurnal Studia Insania, 5(1), 46–70. https://doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v5i1.1270
Purwandari, Nila, P., Johan, A., & Sujianto, U. (2019). Pengalaman Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan HIV dalam Menghadapi Stigma Sosia HlV/AIDS
Roger, K. S., & Hatala, A. (2018). Religion, spirituality & chronic illness: A scoping review and implications for health care practitioners. Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work, 37(1), 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2017.1386151
Saktina, P., & Satriyasa, B. (2017). Karakteristik Penderita Aids Dan Infeksi Oportunistik Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Periode Juli 2013 Sampai Juni 2014. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana, 6(3), 1–6. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/29100
Sari, N. K. (2020). Dinamika Perkembangan Spiritualitas dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Tadbir: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 8(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.30603/tjmpi.v8i1.735
Sarkar, T., Karmakar, N., Dasgupta, A., & Saha, B. (2019). Stigmatization and discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral clinic in a centre of excellence in HIV care in India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 6(3), 1241. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190619
Sarvasti, D. (2020). Pengaruh Gender dan Manifestasi kardiovaskuler pada Covid-19. Indonesian J Cardiol, 41(2), 125–132. https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.1004
Sididi, M., Rahman, R., & Yusriani, Y. (2020). High Risk Behaviour Tertular HIV/AIDS pada Anak Buah Kapal. Jurnal Kesmas Asclepius, 2(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.31539/jka.v2i2.1470
Syahrina, I. A., & Pranata, ade yuda. (2018). Stigma Internal Hubungannya dengan Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Yayasan Taratak Jiwa Hati Padang. Jurnal Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Wisnuwardhana Malang, 22, 1–17
Umah, K., & Irawanto, D. (2019). Motivasi Spiritual Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Minum Obat ARV pada Pasien Hiv / Aids (Spiritual Motivation to Improve ARV Drug Compliance in Hiv / Aids Patients). Journal of Ners Community, 10(2), 251–263. http://journal.unigres.ac.id/index.php/JNC/article/download/919/771
UNAIDS. (2019). Global HIV and AIDS statistics | AVERT. Averting HIV And Aids, 6–12. http://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/global-statistics
Wicaksono, Y. A., Fitrikasari, A., Sofro, M. A. U., & Peni, H. (2018). Hubungan Stigma dan Terapi ARV dengan Komplikasi Gangguan Psikiatri pada Pasien HIV/AIDS. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 5(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v5i1.161
Widianti, E. (2018). Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Kematian pada ODHA. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 12(3), 199. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jks.2017.12.3.758
Yuliyanasari, N. (2017). Global Burden Disease – Human Immunodeficiency Virus – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS). 1(1), 65–77. http://journal.um-surabaya.ac.id/index.php/qanunmedika/article/view/385
Published
2021-03-11
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Copyright (c) 2021 Nurhayati Nurhayati, Rohman Azzam, Mustikasari Mustikasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
